Trias PBL Asignment
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Problem based learning assignmentsusing a wiki learning environmentBert Mulder | IJsbrand Hoetjes
The Hague University
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
TRIAS telematica project education in eGovernment great challenge
problems ‘messy’solutions need to reflect realitynew learning necessary
new tools and methods for teaching and learning eGovernment
research in new methods of teaching and learning:Problem Based Learning (PBL)
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
TRIAS telematica learning
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
problem based learning (PBL)
students get problem before learning
real world problems
develop active learning strategies
develop reasoning skills
knowledge construction
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
PBL: design goals
Learning goals concern realistic problem solving behavior
Problems are generated
Problems are encountered before any prep/study
Facilitator interacts with students at metacognitive level
Cooperative learning is critical component of PBL
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
PBL: new roles students
engaged problem solvers identifying root of problem conditions for good solution proposing good solutions
teachers problem solving colleagues cognitive coaches creating interest and enthousiasm for learning
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
PBL: history 1960’s
McMaster University, Canada
1980’sNetherlands: Maastricht University
The Hague UniversityAcademy of public management
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
PBL: learning in 7 steps
phase 1 pre discussion (group)
phase 2 (individual)
phase 3 post discussion (group)
understand material
divergent
convergent
individual
synthesis
step 1 clarify text and terms
step 2 formulate problem statement(s)
step 3 problem analysis
step 4 inventory of problem and solutions
step 5 formulating self study objectives
step 6 self study
step 7 synthesis and conclusion
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 1 clarify the materialExplain the meaning of difficult phrases and words in the text
ask for clarification yourself
After this phase every group member should be able to read the material in the same way - which is not the same as fully understanding everything!
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 2 formulate problem statement(s)a crucial stage
ask yourselves "What's the real problem here?"
one central problem, or several (seemingly?) unrelated problems... (group members') may propose different problem definitionsyou'll need as much input from all group members as possibleformulate problems in an 'answerable' format(listing questions is a good start in this step). Make good use of the whiteboard and/or flipover sheets!
Don't forget: This is a 'questions-only' step, there will be room for answers in the next step! i.e. asking questions everyone already knows the answers to is rather futile, and a waste of valuable time - look for the real (underlying) problems!
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 3 problem analysistime to get inspired
try to get as many possible explanations relevant to the formulated problem(s)allow everyone to add to the discussion is important the whiteboard/flipover sheet is an invaluable tool 'brainstorming' is the method used here to generate relevant notions, ideas, hints etc.
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TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 4 inventory problems and solutionstime to assess the results of the analysis so far
let's add structure to the insightsfind what pieces of the puzzle are still missingwhat problems have been solved, and what is still unclear? Often problem statements have been partially addressedagree whether proposed solutions and/or explanations are satisfactory. Of course awareness of the level of the students and the educational objectives is important here; sometimes a thorough understanding of a theoretical explanation suffices, sometimes solutions need to be implementation-ready!
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 5 formulate self study objectivesformulate a clear set of objectives for the individual self-study
activitiesrephrase unanswered problem statements such that they reflect the 'missing knowledge' determined in step 4. self-study-objectives should make clear what needs to be done (researched/measured/understood etc.), should provide an indication of when to be satisfied and stop studying! S.M.A.R.T. formulation could be useful here. add an indication of sources to use as a starting point
Make sure the set of objectives is complete (i.e. they ensure a solution of the problem in the final step).
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TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 6 self studygroup members individually get to work.
Each sets out to pursue all study objectives to guarantee a full understanding of the problem and to ensure a fruitful 'comparing of notes' in the last step. Planning and devising an effective study strategy (especially w.r.t. use of sources) are important skills during this step! Do not lose sight of the main goal (solving the problem(s) from step 2)!
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TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
step 7 conclusionEach member presents his/her findings for each of the objectives.
a moment for asking each other in-depth questions and testing gained insights by explaining them to the group. Discussing inconsistencies and solving confusion takes most time To conclude the group asks itself "Have we found a satisfactory solution to our problem?”aim is to agree on explanations/answers found, and on detail and depth of understanding. When unsatisfied, the group may of course reformulate further study objectives instead of concluding the PBL task!
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
afternoon: PBL learning using wiki
read assignment
follow PBL steps group study o learning questions plenary learning questions self study plenary conclusion
evaluation
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
assignment: afternoon timetable
14:00 introduction
14:30 pre-discussion (group)
15:15 plenary: learning objectives
15:45 self study
16:15 plenary: synthesis and conclusion
IntroductionIntroduction
TRIAS projectTRIAS project
TRIAS & wikiTRIAS & wiki
wiki design wiki design
wiki structure wiki structure
an examplean example
assignment: social integration by screen
Bert Mulder | Drs. IJsbrand Hoetjes
The Hague University
Public Management
www.thehagueuniversity.nl
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