Transcript
TREE TYPESand
INSTALLATION METHODS
James Pappas DevonJamie Patrick-Maxwell FMCRay Guillory FMC
2Deepwater Subsea Completion Systems
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Contents
• Trends• Technology• Design Variables• Subsea Configurations• Drivers• Tree Types• Current & Future Technology• Installation Methods
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Subsea Equipment Trends
19601960--19901990
19901990’’ss
20002000’’ss
15,000 psi 20,000 psi High Temperature
10,000 psi
1,000 to 5,000 psi
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1980BonitoRJS-39189m
VG5,605 ft
VG5,605 ft
FMC6,080 ftFMC6,080 ft
FMC2,561 ftFMC2,561 ft FMC
3,368 ftFMC3,368 ft
FMC1,613 ftFMC1,613 ft
FMC619 ftFMC619 ft
Kvaerner961 ft
Kvaerner961 ft
1983PiraúnaRJS-232
293m
FMC1,256 ft
FMC1,256 ft
1985MarimbáRJS-284
383m
1992MarlimMRL-9781m
1988PlacidGreen
Canyon 31684m
VG2,244 ft
VG2,244 ft
1994MarlimMRL-41027m
1997Marlim Sul
MLS-31709m
1997Shell Mensa
1618m
FMC5,308 ftFMC5,308 ft
1999RoncadorRJS-4361853m
1988MarimbáRJS-376D
492m
2000PetrobrasRoncador
1877m
VG6,157 ft
VG6,157 ft
2004Shell
Coulomb2307m
Cameron7,209 ft
Cameron7,209 ft
2002MarathonCamden
Hills2197m
1980BonitoRJS-39189m
Deepwater Installations Trends
FMC7,570 ftFMC
7,570 ft
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Installation Vessels
Jack-up
Semi- submersible
Drill Ship
Dynamically Positioned (Thrusters)Semi-Submersible> 4000
Dynamically Positioned (Thrusters)Drill Ship> 2000
Mooring (Anchors)Semi-Submersible400-4000
Spud Can or MudmatJack-up< 400
Type of MooringSurface VesselWater Depth (Feet)
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Host Facilities Geographic TrendsExisting Popularity
TLP/Spar
Subsea to Platform
Subsea to FPSO
Gulf of Mexico Brazil
North Atlantic
West Africa
High
High High High
High
Med Med
Med
Med
LowLow
Med
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Subsea Tree & Control Module Trends
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Early Trees …
Archives from Various Operating Companies and Entities
Shell Dry Chamber Tree
Texaco Tartan Stacked Valve Tree
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My Career Early Trees …
Main Pass 261 #1 FMC CM-1 Mudline Tree
VK 739 #3 Kvaerner Side Valve Tree
VK 739 #2 (Pecten) Dril-Quip Vertical Tree
GC 157 (Shell Manatee) #1 Vertical Tree
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1994 1996-1998 2000
Deep Water Tree Technology
1992
12Tree Interfaces that Govern DesignWell– Tubing Size, Pressure,
Temperature, Material Class
• Controls– Direct, Piloted, Electro/Hydraulic
• Flowlines– Pipeline Size, Pressure, Connection
Type
• Wellhead– Mudline, Clamp Hub, Mandrel,
Different Vendors
WellheadFlowline Connection
Controls
The Well
Optimum Subsea Tree Configuration Driven by Reservoir RequiremenOptimum Subsea Tree Configuration Driven by Reservoir Requirements ts
13Fundamental Subsea ConfigurationsVXT
(TH in Tubing Head)
HXT and EHXTVXT
(TH in the wellhead)
Tubing Hanger Subsea
Wellhead
Tubing Head
• The type of completion defines where the tubing hanger resides
• Anything above the tubing hanger can be removed without disturbing the well
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Typical Tree Decision Drivers
• Financial driver is “installed CAPEX”
• Lower well count projects that cannot justify expense of open water completion riser
• High drive wells or multilaterals (have need for large bore ≥ 7”)
• Complex reservoirs or frequent workovers requiring tubing retrieval
• ESP technology• Batch drilling/completion and/or
requirement for drill thru systems
• Financial driver is “life-of-field OPEX”
• Large well count projects (or portfolios of projects) that can justify and benefit from investment in open water completion riser system
• Lower drive wells (smaller bore)• Simple reservoirs or low
frequency of tubing retrieval workovers
• High pressure - difficult well control issues
Horizontal Tree Vertical Tree
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Subsea Trees by Water Depth
Diverless Tree(Guideposts/Guidelines) Guidelineless (GLL)
Tree (Funnels)
Diver Assist Tree
Mudline Tree
DiverlessFloating Vessel800-2500
GuidelinelessFloating Vessel2500
Diver AssistFloating Vessel200-800
Mudline – Diver AssistJack-up< 400
Type of TreeSurface VesselWater Depth (Feet)
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TreeConfigurations
10K Vertical Shallow Water Tree 10K Vertical Deep Water Standard
10K Standard EHXT15K Standard EHXT15K Enhanced Vertical Tree
17Comparison of Traditional and Enhanced Vertical Trees
Traditional VXT Enhanced VXT
ROV Tree Cap
Slim ODTubing Hanger
Tubing HeadWith AnnulusIsolation Valve
FlowlineU-Loop
Tubing HangerInstalled inWellhead
18Traditional Vertical Tree with Tubing Hanger Completion in Wellhead
• Eliminates Need for Tubing Head
• 18-3/4” Dual Bore Tubing Hanger Features Integral Annulus Valve
• 14-1/2” TH and Adapter Sleeve used on Competitor Wellheads
• Trip Saving ROV Tree Cap• Guideline or Guidelineless
Configurations• BOP Setup Required for TH
Orientation
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4” x 2” 5K Dual Bore GL Tree
EG MAGY “C”
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Enhanced Dual BoreVertical Tree
5” x 2” 5,000 psi5” x 2” 10,000 psi
EVXTTM-DB
Enhanced Slim BoreVertical Tree
4” x 2” 10,000 psi5” x 2” 15,000 psi
EVXTTM-SB
Shell Std”
Total Girassol
21GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Treeand Tubing Head Stack Section View
Tree Valves
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ROV Tree Cap
Subsea Control Module
Vertical Hubfor Well Jumper
Tree Assembly
Tubing HeadAssembly
Tubing Hanger
GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Tree System
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GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Tree
ROV Tree Cap
Tree Cap ParkingSlot
Subsea Control Module
Hydraulic FlyingLead Receptacles
Tree Connector
FlowlineConnector
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10K EVXT Tubing Head
Annulus AccessValve
Hub for TreeFlowline Connector
Vertical Hub forWell Jumper
Flowline HubLatch/Release
2510K Concentric SlimboreTubing Hanger
Alignment Key
Running Tool Latch ProfileLocking Mandrel
National HydraulicCouplings
Tronic Wet-MateElectrical Connectors
Lock Ring
Dual ElastomerSecondary Seals
Plug Profile
Tubing SuspensionThreads (4” to 5 1/2”)
Split Protective SleeveFor Couplings
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• Run subsea with tree
• Weighs less than 100 lbs in water
10K ROV Tree Cap
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10K Enhanced Vertical TreeStack Views
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15K Enhanced Vertical Tree System
Vertical Hubfor Well Jumper
Tree Assembly
Tubing Hanger
ChokeSCM
Tubing HeadAssembly
Capable of handling BOP’s directly
2915K EnhancedVertical Tree
18 ¾ - H4 RE-ENTRY HUB
PRODUCTION SHUT IN VALVE
PRODUCTION WING VALVE
PRODUCTION MASTER VALVE
MANF / SLED MQC PLATE
PROD. MQC PLATE
CHOKE
EROSION DETECTOR BLOCK
TREE CHEMICAL INJECTION VALVE
TREE CHEMICAL INJECTION VALVE
TREE CONNECTOR
DOWNHOLE FUNCTIONS ROV PANEL
3015K EnhancedVertical Tree
SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE
FLOWLINE CONNECTOR
ANNULUS WING VALVE
ANNULUS CROSSOVER VALVE
PRODUCTION SHUT DOWN VALVE
ANNULUS MASTER VALVE CONNECTOR /
SCSSV ROV PANEL
ANNULUS SWAB VALVE
TREE CAP PARKING RECEPTACLE
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15K Tubing Hanger Assembly
3215K ROV Tree Cap
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Enhanced Horizontal Tree System
5” x 2” 10,000 psi5” x 2” 15,000 psi
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Enhanced HXTTraditional HXT
Comparison of Traditional and Enhanced Horizontal Trees
Both Crown Plugs Installed inExtendedTubing Hanger
Internal Tree CapTubing Hanger
35Enhanced HorizontalTree EHXT®
85,000 lbs
14.5’ x 14.5’footprint x 12.5’ tall
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10K & 15K ROV Tree Cap
37EHXT Tubing Hanger Features
Tubing Hanger
CrownPlug
3810K & 15K EHXT EH-5 Radial Penetrator
• Enables 9 downhole control lines through 2 EH-5 Penetrators
– Hydraulic, chemical, electrical
Tubing Hanger
Tree Spool Body
EH-5 Penetrator
FemaleCoupler
MaleCoupler
Welded Tubing Connections on Ends of Radial Penetrator Stems
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15K EHXT
134”(3.40m)
153”(3.88m)
Length166”
(4.22m)
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5K HXT WireLineLess w/ ESP
Petrobras
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5K HXT with ESP Features
ROVTreeCap
TubingHanger
WithDual Ball Valve
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5K EHXT with Retrievable Choke ModuleChoke
Module
TREE
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5K EHXT Retrievable Choke Module
•MEG Flow Meter•Wet Gas Meter•Water Cut Meter•Choke•Tree Connector•Manifold Connector•Two Sand Detectors•Suite of Dual PT/TT Sensors
44Electric Tree with Redundant Battery System
StandardElectricConnectors
BatteryPack
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Electric Choke Control Retrofit
• Reported production gain of 1900 bbl/d
• Fully open to fully closed 45 seconds.
46Electric FlowControl Valves
• Electric Actuators position control and fast operation
• Electric Actuators for subsea processing systems
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Boosting and Processing
Tordis Subsea Separation System
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Installation Methods and
Systems
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Vertical Tree on Drill Pipe
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Horizontal Tree On Drill Pipe
515” x 2” 5K GLL Dual Bore Tree, LMRP, EDP & Completion Riser
52Heave Compensated Landing System (HCLS)
Tree overboarding
Tree being moved off Laney deck
Tree lowering into water
HCLS buoy deployment
53HCLS Tree Installation Boat to Crane
Buoys
Tree
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HCLS Tree Installation Crane to Overboard
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HCLS Tree Installation Crane to Boat
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HCLS Tree Installation Buoys Overboard
57HCLS Tree Installation Sling
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HCLS Tree Installation Landout
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Rig Winch Tree Installation Boat Offload
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Rig Winch Tree Installation Rig Deployment
61Rig Winch Tree Installation
62Rig Winch Tubing Head Spool Deployment
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• Run on monobore riser
• Controlled by SCM during installation
Subsea Tree Installation
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Monobore Completion Riser Systems• 5” 10K & 15K
monobore riser systems
• Riser systems can be used for light well intervention on both vertical and horizontal trees
6515K MonoboreRiser
EDP
LRP
Tree
TubingHead
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SurfaceTree
TensionJoint
Intermediate Joints
Lubricator Valve
LubricatorValve Reel Unit
To EDP/ LRP
5” 15K Completion Riser System
TaperedStressJoint
HPU
RiserControlStation
UmbilicalReel
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THANKS!
One of my Earliest Trees – Happy Holidays, Y’all!
Me
QUESTIONS?
Tree
TREE TYPESand
INSTALLATION METHODS
James Pappas DevonJamie Patrick-Maxwell FMCRay Guillory FMC
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