Towards a Safer India Embarking on a Safer Journey Safer Cars for Indian Consumers... · 2018-06-21 · Towards a Safer India Embarking on a Safer Journey 8 th May 2017 Deepak Sawkar
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Towards a Safer India Embarking on a Safer Journey
8thMay 2017
Deepak Sawkar Sr. Vice President (Technical Administration)
Making Safer Cars for Indian Consumers and Building an Ecosystem for Road Safety
History and Evolution of
Safety Regulations for Passenger Cars
in India
Safety Regulations for Passenger Cars in India
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1 Pass by noise / Silencers2 Emissions3 Exhaust gases4 Exhaust pipe location
ENVIRONMENT
34 Safety belt35 Safety belt anchorage36 Seats, their anchorage & head
37 External projection : 38 Fuel tank - metallic : 39 Interior fittings : 40 Safety glass :41 Steering impact : 42 Side door impact : 43 Door locks & retention components : 44 Fuel tank - plastic :
PASSIVE SAFETY54 Warning triangles : 55 Overall dimensions : 56 Forward & backward motion : 57 Embossing of Chassis & Engine No. :
OTHER REQUIREMENTS
5 Steering Gear6 Horn performance7 Horn Installation8 Driver’s field of vision9 Speedometer
10 Mirror Performance11 Mirror installation12 Tyre performance13 Tyre Installation14 Condition of tyres15 Size & ply rating of tyres16 Brake fitment17 High speed brake req.18 Brake requirement (ABS- optional)19 Lighting/ Signaling installation20 Lighting/ Signaling Performance21 Hydraulic brake hose22 Hydraulic brake fluid23 Wheel rims 24 Wheel nut, discs & hub caps25 Hood latch26 Tell tale, symbols & controls27 Accelerator control system28 Windscreen wiper29 Wheel guards30 Bumpers31 Arrangement of foot controls32 Gradeability33 EMI
ACTIVE SAFETY
45 Reflex Reflectors : 46 Automobile lamps : 47 Signaling devices, direction indicators
48 Position of dir. indicator : 49 Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp :50 Deflection of lights : 51 Use of red or white light : 52 Parking light : 53 Prohibition of spotlights :
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Brake Fitment Safety belt anchorage Safety Belt Pass by noise Exhaust Gases routing Horn installation & performance Tyre installation & Performance Condition of tyres & ply rating Spare Tyre Safety glass Signaling devices, Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp : Overall dimensions Embossing of Chassis & Engine no.
Pre 2003 Safety Regulations in India for Passenger Cars
Pre 2003
2003-2007
Hydraulic brake fluid Wheel rims Wheel nut, discs & hub caps Hood latch Accelerator control system Windscreen wiper Wheel guards Bumpers EMI Seats, their anchorage & head External projection Fuel tank metallic Interior fittings Steering impact Door locks & retention components Reflex Reflectors Automobile lamps Warning triangles
Brake Fitment Safety belt anchorage Safety Belt Pass by noise Exhaust Gases routing Horn installation & performance Tyre installation & Performance Condition of tyres & ply rating Spare Tyre Safety glass Signaling devices, Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp : Overall dimensions Embossing of Chassis & Engine no.
High sped brake req. Lighting/ Signaling Performance Gradeability Tell tale, symbol & controls Side door impact Steering effort Driver's field of vision Speedometer calibration Mirror installation & Performance Brake requirement (ABS-optional) Hydraulic brake hose
Safety Regulations in India for Passenger Cars
2007 -2012
CNG Type Approval procedure Demist/ Defrosting system COP of safety components Arrangement of foot controls Fuel tank - plastic : CNG - Code of practice
Hydraulic brake fluid Wheel rims Wheel nut, discs & hub caps Hood latch Accelerator control system Windscreen wiper Wheel guards Bumpers EMI Seats, their anchorage & head External projection Fuel tank metallic Interior fittings Steering impact Door locks & retention components Reflex Reflectors Automobile lamps Warning triangles
Brake Fitment Safety belt anchorage Safety Belt Pass by noise Exhaust Gases routing Horn installation & performance Tyre installation & Performance Condition of tyres & ply rating Spare Tyre Safety glass Signaling devices, Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp : Overall dimensions Embossing of Chassis & Engine no.
Pre 2003
High sped brake req. Lighting/ Signaling Performance Gradeability Tell tale, symbol & controls Side door impact Steering effort Driver's field of vision Speedometer calibration Mirror installation & Performance Brake requirement (ABS-optional) Hydraulic brake hose
2003-2007
Safety Regulations in India for Passenger Cars
Brake Fitment Safety belt anchorage Safety Belt Pass by noise Exhaust Gases routing Horn installation & performance Tyre installation & Performance Condition of tyres & ply rating Spare Tyre Safety glass Signaling devices, Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp : Overall dimensions Embossing of Chassis & Engine no.
Pre 2003
High sped brake req. Lighting/ Signaling Performance Gradeability Tell tale, symbol & controls Side door impact Steering effort Driver's field of vision Speedometer calibration Mirror installation & Performance Brake requirement (ABS-optional) Hydraulic brake hose
2003-2007
2007 -2012
CNG Type Approval procedure Demist/ Defrosting system COP of safety components Arrangement of foot controls Fuel tank - plastic : CNG - Code of practice
Min ground clearance Child restraint systems EMC
2012 -2017
Hydraulic brake fluid Wheel rims Wheel nut, discs & hub caps Hood latch Accelerator control system Windscreen wiper Wheel guards Bumpers EMI Seats, their anchorage & head External projection Fuel tank metallic Interior fittings Steering impact Door locks & retention components Reflex Reflectors Automobile lamps Warning triangles
Offset crash Side crash Pedestrian protection
2017 onwards
Safety Regulations in India for Passenger Cars
Brake Fitment Safety belt anchorage Safety Belt Pass by noise Exhaust Gases routing Horn installation & performance Tyre installation & Performance Condition of tyres & ply rating Spare Tyre Safety glass Signaling devices, Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp : Overall dimensions Embossing of Chassis & Engine no.
Pre 2003
High sped brake req. Lighting/ Signaling Performance Gradeability Tell tale, symbol & controls Side door impact Steering effort Driver's field of vision Speedometer calibration Mirror installation & Performance Brake requirement (ABS-optional) Hydraulic brake hose
2003-2007
2007 -2012
CNG Type Approval procedure Demist/ Defrosting system COP of safety components Arrangement of foot controls Fuel tank - plastic : CNG - Code of practice
Min ground clearance Child restraint systems EMC
2012 -2017
Hydraulic brake fluid Wheel rims Wheel nut, discs & hub caps Hood latch Accelerator control system Windscreen wiper Wheel guards Bumpers EMI Seats, their anchorage & head External projection Fuel tank metallic Interior fittings Steering impact Door locks & retention components Reflex Reflectors Automobile lamps Warning triangles
Offset crash Side crash Pedestrian protection
2017 onwards
Speed Alert system Reverse Parking ABS for M1 & M2 Seat Belt Reminder
Safety Regulations in India for Passenger Cars
New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)
Pre 2000
Post 2000
*BNVSAP: Bharat New Vehicle Safety Assessment Program
~17
India Specific, safety assessment and rating scheme for vehicles • Will rate vehicles based
on their performance in safety tests
Installation Rate of Airbags in Maruti Suzuki
0
20
40
60
80
100
2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2019
45%
Almost 45% of cars sold today have airbags installed as
standard equipment
Source: Internal
2%
26%
77%
83%
94% 98% 99%
INDIA USA JAPAN UK GERMANY FRANCE
Seat belt wearing rate
WHO Road Safety Manual
• Seat belts are primary restrain system and can reduce the fatality risk by 45% - 60%.
• In comparison, airbags on their own (i.e. without seat belts) can reduce the fatality risk by only 12%..
• Analysis of deaths involving airbags in the United States showed that nearly all of the people who have died from airbag related injuries were either not wearing seat belts or were wearing them improperly
Source: Global status report on safety, WHO, 2015
Importance of Seat Belt
Way Forward
Reality of Indian Roads
Moving violations Driver/Passenger violations
Equipment violations Parking violations
Overloading and protrusions
Reality on Indian Roads
Almost 30% of fatalities in India are caused by overloading and protrusions
Even CMVR allows 1m of protrusion
Source: ROAD ACCIDENTS IN INDIA, 2012; GOVERNMENT MoRTH
“ National Road Safety Council ” Recommendations 4 Cornerstones of Road Safety
Engineering
Emergency Enforcement
Education
Traffic Education
Education
Driver Training and Testing
Road Safety as part of School Curriculum • Traffic rules • Defensive driving • Basic first aid skills
• Equipped with driving simulators, Classroom & Practical training on actual roads.
• More than 3 million people are trained, & every year more than 1.5 lakh are trained.
• No. of MDS 400+ in 191 cities across India.
Refresher Training program for Heavy Motor vehicle drivers (target – 80000 drivers/year)
• Haryana– 6, Delhi 2, Uttarakhand 1, Gujarat 1 • Upcoming: Bihar 1, AP 1, Chhattisgarh1, J&K 1
New Motor Vehicle Act Enabling the mission of
“Make In India”
Safer, Faster, Cost Effective & Inclusive Movement of Passengers & Freights
Safer Inclusive Faster Cost Effective
Regulations of Motor Vehicles
Chapter: III
Unified Driver
licensing system
Chapter: IV
Unified Vehicle
registering system
Chapter : V
Road Safety & Traffic
management Chapter: X
Public Passenger Transport Chapter:
VII
Infrastructure & Multimodal
Facilitation Chapter: IX
Goods Transport &
National Freight Policy
Chapter: VIII
Vehicle Regulation & Road Safety Authority (NA) Chapter: II
National Road Transport & Multimodal Coordination Authority (NTA) Chapter: VI
Other - Chapter: XII Claims Tribunals | Chapter: XIII Highway Traffic Regulation & Protection Force | Chapter: XIV Offences & Penalties
MORT&H Vision
10 lac Job Creation
4% increase in GDP
2 lacs lives saved in 5 years
Fines to be increased considerably Over-speeding Drunk driving
Red light Jumping Seat belt
Rs. 3,500 to 15,000 Rs. 10k to 30k & imprisonment up-to 1 y
Rs. 5k to 15k Rs. 5k Source: http://www.hindustantimes.com
Rs. 400 to 1k Rs. 3k
Rs. 100 to 500
Mandatory Recall Code Current Practice :
• Voluntary Recall by OEMs in case of safety critical defects in systems like steering, brake, wheels, fuel system, electrical wiring system etc.
• No penalty system in place at present
Decision to recall
Analysis
Communication Of Recall
Notification to Customer
Communication : • From Dealer / Manufacturer
(Telephone, e-mail letters etc) • @ Official Manufacturer’s
Website
1
2
Ministry of Transport
Customer Feedback
Flow of activities
Mandatory recall code :
• Recall by OEMs in case of safety critical defect & report to Government authority.
• OEM to repair/ replace the defective vehicle, the failure to do say may
lead to monetary fines to the order of 5 Lacs/veh or imprisonment of 3 months or both.
Source: Investigation of Traffic Accidents - Course Material, IRTE
Stop line marked after the Primary Signal
Obstructed visibility of signage Deficiencies in Road Engineering
Absence of road markings Conspicuous of road markings
Road Engineering
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
Two Wheelers 13.4 13.8 14.8 16.0 16.5 17.6Three Wheelers 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5Commercial Vehicles 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7Passenger Vehicles 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Volu
me
(in m
illio
ns)
17.4 17.8 18.4 19.7 20.5 21.9
• Strengthen Inspection & Certification regime in India to ensure roadworthiness of vehicles
• Disincentives by additional taxation for vehicles without adequate safety features, which automatically lead to scrappage of such vehicles.
Inspection and Certification
Source: Internal
> 20 million vehicles added every year
End of Life : Retirement of Old Vehicles Current Scenario for ELV in India
Unorganized sectors handling ELV in India
No infrastructures / facilities in India
No Regulation in India Upcoming Scenario for ELV in India
Infrastructure Regulation
Demo Unit for Recycling
MoHI
GARC
OEMs Part Alpha – Collection & Dismantling of End of Life Vehicles
Part Beta 1 – Heavy Metal Restriction, Dismantling Information
Part Beta 2 – Type Approval of Vehicles with regard to their Reusability, Recyclability and Recoverability
“Without data you are just another person with an opinion” - W. E Deming
By MoRT&H
By Other Organizations
• MoRT&H data is the only nation-wide data available today.
• This data being collected from Police focuses more on who was responsible for accident rather than what and how.
• This data is not sufficient for scientifically analyzing -
• The types of accidents (front /rear / side) • Speeds at which accidents take place • The types of injuries (categorization of injuries based
on severity) • What happened before, during and after the accident • Costs of Medical Care, etc.
• Initiatives from other agencies are limited to small regions and there is lack of synergy between these agencies.
There is absence of Nation-wide Accident Data Collection and its Scientific Analysis
Accident Data Collection & Analysis in other Countries
USA National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration, U.S.
National Automotive Sampling System
Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN)
Germany
Australia
France
Finland
INRETS – Dep’t of Accident Mechanisms; CEESAR
Accident Investigation Board (AIB)
Accident Site Investigation
Study of source of injuries and severity of Impact
Analysis of Road Infrastructure Analysis of Injury Severity and Medical Costs
Road Safety Policy Formulation
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1900
50,000
1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
Committee on Road Traffic
accidents
Automotive Design legislation
NHTSA
No
of D
eath
s
Year
User focused, Common sense, do
good approach Scientific, Research
based Integrated
Decisions and polices based on Scientific Study of Accidents required to bring down fatalities
Source: Internet
Case Study : USA
Accident Data Collection and Analysis in India-RASSI Public Private Partnership
Accident Notification
& Local Support
Financial & technical Support
Engineering Data & Vehicle Safety
Develop.
Crash Data Analysis and
reporting
Gov
ernm
ent
Indu
stry
RASSI provides consultation and accident data to state Govt./ local administration and analysis in lieu
of the local support
Location
(2015)
(2011)
(2012)
(2013)
(2014)
Members
Ahmadabad Gujarat
(02/2014)
Pune Maharashtra
(10/2012)
Coimbatore Tamil Nadu (05/2011)
Kolkata West Bengal
(11/2014)
(2016)
THANK YOU
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