Tool Use & Safety Tool Types Proper Tool Usage Safety.
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Tool Use & Safety
Tool Types
Proper Tool Usage
Safety
Types of Material Processing
Tools Used to Separate Material
Cutting Tools
Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping
The larger the cutting tools teeth, the more material will be removed.
The farther the cutting tools teeth are from each other, the rougher the material will be.
Hence, the larger the teeth and the farther they are from each other….the greater amount of material removed and the rougher the surface.
Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping Cont.
The wider the blade the straighter the cut. When using hand tools (power or manual)
use both hands. Use jigs to guide a tool through a material. Use fixtures to guide material through a
tool. Always clamp down projects when passing
a cutting tool through a material (power or manual).
Assorted Hand Saws
Crosscut Saw
Tension / Back Saw
Dove Tail Saw
Hack Saw
Saw Teeth
The position of the teeth determines what the direction of the cutting stroke will be.
Teeth Direction
Cutting Stroke
Single Tooth Cutting Tools
ChiselsKnife
Plane
Planes
Files & Shapers
Files
Used for shaping and the removal of intermediate amounts of material
Cleaning a File
Rasp Files
Surforms / Shapers
Hot Wire Foam Cutter
Keep foam on table
Never touch hot wire
Elements of Machine Tools
Cutting Motions
\
Table Saw
Band Saw
General Band Saw Safety
Set Guard height ¼ - ½ above thickness of material to be cut.
Only use the guard adjustment knob, never the blade tension (top) or positioning knob (back).
Guard Adjustment Knob
Band Saw with Fixtures
Use RIP FENCE to make repeatedOr long straight cuts Use a MITER to make angled
or straight cuts
Scroll Saw
Scroll Saw Chattering
Due to the reciprocating nature of the blade, the material can CHATTER (move up and down rapidly).
Avoid chattering by holding down firmly on material while advancing the material
Up
Down
Scroll Saw Additional Information
Adjust table height by loosening the adjustment knob under the table.
Jigs and Fixtures are not needed due to the freestyle cutting techniques.
Adjustment Knob
Drilling
General Rules for DrillingMake sure the bit is straight and secure in the chuck before starting.
Make sure that the key is removed from work area before starting.
Always clamp projects down to the table, or in a table vise.
Always return drill bits to case when finished
Proceed slowly when advancing the drill bit
Key vs. Keyless Drill Chucks
Keyless Chuck
Keyed Chuck
Key
Assorted Drill Bits
Hole Saws
Forster Bit
Common / Twist Drill Bit
Anatomy of a Drill Bit
Clamping Material
Table height adjustment
Aligning the Drill Bit & Table
The hole in the center of the table is for the drill bit to pass through.
Align the bit so it can pass through the hole.
The idea is for the drill bit to go all the way through the material and into the hole…not into the table.
Aligning the Drill Bit & Table
If the drill bit is to large to fit into the hole…….
Get a piece of scrap wood to coverAnd protect the table.
Portable Drills
Sanders
Belt Sander
A minimum of ½ inch material thickness is required to use the sander.
This thickness provides adequate material to grip the material while using the machine
Belt Type Sander
Disk Sander
When using smaller pieces of material, (on a counter clockwise rotating disk sander) use the left side of the table.
This will keep the material securely on the table
Portable Belt & Palm Sanders
Always secure material in a vise or with a clamp when using belt sanders and/or palm sanders.
Never use any sander unless all the safety guards are in place.
Sand Paper Used to smooth objects,
remove small amounts of material, and do minor shaping.
The number on the back determines how many sand granules per sq/in. Also known as grit.
The larger the number, the more grains per sq/in.
100 Grit
150 Grit
320 Grit
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