Transcript
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 1/27
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
HZDR SUMMER STUDENT PROGRAM 2014
A summer well spent playing with big lasers
Utrecht, 21.10.2014
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 2/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 2
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Introduction
• Question: where has Alessiobeen during August and
September?
• Answer: in Germany!
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 3/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 3
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Introduction
• More precisely… In Dresden!
• Among other things… Famous forDresden (Messen) porcelain
• Artistic opinion of a local:
– Very expensive and…
– …Kitch…
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 4/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 4
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Introduction
• Question: why was Alessio there?
• Answer: for a Summer School! – HZDR Summer Student Program
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 5/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 5
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Introduction
• HZDR is not just a
single building… • Several facilities,
several research fields
– Energy (materials
efficiency, nuclear
reactors…) – Health (cancer
research, brain
diseases…)
– Matter (material
science with ion
beams, accelerator
research…)
My topic:
Laser-Particle Acceleration forCancer therapy application
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 6/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 6
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Particle Acceleration
How to accelerate particles?
...With big rings and long
corridords (and a lot of
money)
GSI Darmstadt
DESY Hamburg
10 MV/m
Particle are subjected to an
electromagnetic field
They acquire kinetic energy
Higher electric
field (lighter
particles)
Higher kinetic
energies
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 7/27Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 7
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Particle Acceleration
How to reach higher kinetic energies?
...With even bigger rings and (an insanely awful lot of) more money
LHC at Geneva
(Switzerland).
Radius: 27 km
(Image: CERN)
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 8/27Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 8
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Particle Acceleration
... Maybe there is another (less bloody expensive) way
10.000.000 MV/m
~ mm
High-power laser hitting an aluminum foil target
(DRACO Laser at HZDR, Dresden)
• 106 times bigger electric
field than in a Linear
Accelerator (LINAC)!
• Acceleration length: ~mm
against ~km
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 9/27Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 9
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Particle Acceleration
100 TW Laser I = 1020 W/cm2 E0 = 1012 V/m
3 J in 30 fs
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 10/27Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 10
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Laser Acceleration: Medical application
Why Laser Particle Acceleration?
Laser Driven Proton
Therapy
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 11/27Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 11
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Why Laser Particle Acceleration?
Advantages overconventional
accelerators:
short acceleration length
Laser Acceleration: Medical application
10.000.000 MV/m
~ mm
Advantages over
conventional cancer
therapy (photontherapy):
Better dose delivery
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
0 10 20 300
1
(175-190 MeV)Protonen
Protonen N o r m i e r t e D o s i s
Eindringtiefe in Wasser / cm
Photonen
Normal tissue tumor
N o r m a l i z e d d o s e
Depth in water [cm]
Photons
Protons
Protons(175-190 MeV)
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 12/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 12
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Experimental setup at HZDR: DRACO
All this stuff is also done in Dresden…
With DRACO
DResden l Aser aCceleration sOurce
In short words…
A high-power ultra-short-pulses laser
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 13/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 13
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Experimental setup at HZDR: DRACO
• Power: 150 TW (1012 W)
• Peak Intensity: ~1021
W/cm2
• Ultra-short pulses: 4J in ~30 fs
• Pulse train: 10 Hz
Initial short pulse
StretcherOscillator (Ti:Sa)
Compressor Target
Area
Power Amplifiers
High-energy
Ultra-short
pulse
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 14/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 14
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Experimental setup at HZDR:
DRACO
Laser beam
Target
Proton beam
Target alignment!
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 15/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 15
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
My contribution: right in the focus of the
Big Laser
• How to know if you are inthe focus?
– Use a camera!
In focus Out of focus
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 16/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 16
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
My contribution: right in the focus of the Big Laser
Yes, sometimes
experiment &
computer
models can live
together…
(even though it’s
a forced
convivence)
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 17/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 17
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
My contribution: right in the focus of the Big Laser
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 18/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 18
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
My contribution: right in the focus of the Big Laser
25 points per minute (was 6…)
Precision requirement: ± 10 μm
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 19/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 19
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Translational Research – Laser Driven Dose Delivery System
Basic research
Clinical practiceLaser driven dose delivery system
Stable & reliable laser protonaccelerator
Precise beam delivery
Real-time dosimetry
Laser / plasmadevelopment
100
depth in water [cm]
• Proton energy
increase
• Sufficiently
monoenergetic
beam r e l a t i v e e f f e c t i v e d
o s e [ % ]
Clinical trials
In vitro- cells
In vivo - animals
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 20/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 20
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Translational Research – Laser Driven Dose Delivery
System
• Direct comparison of laser driven and conventionally accelerated
protons: no difference between both radiation types
• Dose controlled irradiation (over 4000 shots)
• Relative error of less 10% clinical precision standard (3-5%)
within reach
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 21/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 21
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Translational Research – Laser Driven Dose Delivery
System
• Next phase: in vivo irradiations
Main challenge: increase of proton energies to at least 200 MeV
(current is 70 MeV)
Upgrade the laser system
Enhance the effectiveness of acceleration mechanism
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 22/27
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 23/27
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 24/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 24
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Multiple filamentation of freely
propagating 100 TW beam in air
Thank you for your
attention!
Example of freely
propagating Alessio in the lab
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 25/27
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 26/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 26
Alessio Cacia li Laser Particle Acceleration www.hzdr.de
Laser Acceleration: TNSA
Acceleration responsible mechanism:
Target-normal sheath acceleration(TNSA)
2. Electron Transport1. Electron Acceleration 3. Electron-proton plasma
expansion
Ion energies: up to 70 MeV
8/10/2019 TMM 21:10:2014 AlessioCaciagli
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tmm-21102014-alessiocaciagli 27/27
Member of the Helmholtz AssociationPage 27
Laser acceleration: Medical application
I = 1020 W/cm2
100 TW Laser I = 1020 W/cm2 E0 = 1012 V/m
Advantage over conventional photon therapy: better dose delivery
0 20 40 60 80 100
Photon irradiation, 9 fields
% Dmax
12C-ion irradiation, 2 portals
0 20 40 60 80 100 % Dmax
Courtesy: O. Jäkel, DKFZ Heidelberg
top related