THE WEST. The American West in American Memory THE WEST Historians and the West –Frederick Jackson Turner—The Frontier Thesis –The New Western Historians.

THE WEST

THE WEST• The American West in American

Memory

THE WEST

• Historians and the West– Frederick Jackson Turner—The Frontier

Thesis– The New Western Historians

THE WEST

• Western Settlement– The ideal: the Homestead Act – Other claims on the land: The Morrill Act

and the Pacific Railway Act• The transcontinental railroad

THE WEST

Exodusters Benjamin Singleton

Southern black migration

THE WEST

• Foreign immigration– From Europe– From Mexico– From Asia

• Japanese to Hawaii and west coast of the United States

• Chinese to west coast of the United States– 300,000 immigrants came in the late

1800s

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

THE WEST

• Western Economy– Mining

Silver Mining – Nevada,late 1860s

Copper Smelt – Butte, MT

THE WEST

– Cattle

THE WEST

– Farming

Sod House - Nebraska, 1886

THE WEST

• The Last Settlement – Oklahoma (1889)

THE WEST

• The Great Plains Indians– Mounted nomads– Numerous distinct tribes

• Sioux

• Cheyenne

• Arapaho

• Comanche

• Crow

THE WEST

• Removal of the Great Plains Indians – Johnson v. M’Intosh (1823)– Ft. Laramie Treaty (1851)

• Reservation system

– Pike’s Peak Gold Rush (1858)

– Chivington or Sand Creek massacre (1864)

THE WEST–Ft. Laramie Treaty (1868)

General George Custer

THE WEST

Crazy Horse

Battle of the Little Bighorn

Sitting Bull

THE WEST

• The Apaches and the last of the Indian Wars

Geronimo

THE WEST

• Efforts to Assimilate the Great Plains Indians

• Friends of the Indian– Indian schools

• Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

Wovaka Ghost Dance

Massacre at Wounded Knee (1890)