The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development in China CHEN Ying Research Centre for Sustainable Development (RCSD) Chinese Academy of Social.
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The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development
in China
CHEN Ying
Research Centre for Sustainable Development (RCSD)
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)
CASS-Nottingham Environmental Infrastructure Workshop, 22 – 24 June, 2005
Content
The Development of Environmental NGOs in China Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs Roles of Env. NGO in Sustainable Development Debate between Env. Activists and Scientists Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable
Development in China
1. The Development of Env. NGOs in China
Civil societies: Institutions, academic and industrial associations
(mainly funded by government) Real NGO: Self-established organizations without
government support (manpower and finance)
Current situation: 2000 env. civil societies in China including 50-60
grass root organizations Millions of participants, over 100 thousand members
for the largest one Regional offices by international NGOs
Env. NGOs and Activists in China
FON, the first env. NGO, founded in 1994
Global Village of Beijing (GVB), founded in 1996
Green Earth Green Earth VolunteersVolunteers
founded in 1996
Liao Xiaoyi Wang Yongchen
Liang Congjie
Oversea Env. NGOs Disembarkation
Greenpeace International’s global activities to celebrate Kyoto Protocol entry into forces on Feb.26, 2005
Germany Belgium Australia
India China Japan
2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs
Compatibility of the aims for government and env. NGOs in sustainable development
Open minded env. management authorities
Activists devoted themselves to environmental protection
2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs
International Assistance Global Village of Beijing (GVB) : received 3.2million
RMB (0.4 million $) from Fort Foundation, WWF etc. during 1996-1999.
Friends of Nature (FON): 1.32 of total 2.53million RMB (over 50%) came from international donation during March 1995 – Sept. 1999.
2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs
Women and the youth non-professional env. NGOs participation “Protection Mother River- Green
Hope Project”
Understanding and support from the public Particularly from university students
3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development
Public awareness raising through the media, such as
“Time for Environment”, a popular TV program on China Central Television
through lectures to school students
at community level
3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development
Campaigns to protect environment Saving the birds planting trees collecting litters community-based activities, such as recycling program
3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development
Concern on environmental quality to enhance
enforcement of industrial pollution control and
conservation projects at the local level
Participation in decision-making processes of
sustainable development as stakeholders to
change environmental policies
Alliance with National Environmental
Protection Administration (NEPA)
Example 1: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project
Example 1: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project
Example 2: Yuanminyuan Inheritance Park Water-saving Project
Other examples
Debate and discussion on new location of Beijing Zoo
“Environmental Protection Storm 2005” NEPA investigated 30 projects of 13 provinces under
construction without “env. impacts assessment report”,
Beijing Olympic Organization Committee employed env. activists as env. consultants
4. Debate Between Env. Activists and Scientists
Are they real representatives of public interests?
Can they insist on independence, allying with the government?
Is their attitude to environment rational or extreme?
Example: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project
5. Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable Development in China
BarriersRegistration: non-profit organizationFunding: government, corporation, individuals Legal status:
“Law of Environmental Impacts Assessment”
5. Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable Development in China
Support Policies & MeasuresAwareness of the governmentLegislationInstitutional innovation to promote cooperation
between the government and env. NGOsCooperation and union among env. NGOsEntry of International env. NGOs and their
adaptation to domestic circumstancesCapacity building of env. NGOs
All-China Environment Federation
All-China Environment Federation
Newly founded on April 22, 2005 (Earth Day) Driven by NEPA under designation of two Vise-Primers Chairman: Vise President of the People’s Political
Consultative Conference (PPCC) Cochairmen: include both of the Director of NEPA and the
leader of FON, the largest grass root env. NGO 316 Directors include 101 former ministry-level officials at
their capacities To unite and integrate all env. NGOs to promote public
participation in sustainable development
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