The New Testament World of Jesus
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THE NEW TESTAMENT WORLD OF JESUS
Textbook chapter 2
A. PALESTINE 1. Various NAMES for this
Geographic Area Palestine (Greeks) Promised Land The Holy Land Land of Israel Land of Judah
A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)
2. The SIZE of Palestine Mileage:
145 miles north to south 25-87 miles west to east
Comparisons: About the same size as Massachusetts Distance from north to south = Albany to
NYC Shortest distance from west to east = OLM
to Brockport Longest distance from west to east = OLM
to Niagara Falls
A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)
3. Getting from here to there Mode of transportation =
WALKING Average pace is about 3 miles per hour
Can only walk during daylight hours Need to stop for food and rest during the journey
A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)
3. Getting from here to there (continued) Calculate the travel time between the
following locations: Tyre to Nazareth - about 40 miles
13 hours/1.5 days similar to OLM to Geneva outlets…
45 min. by car Nazareth to Jerusalem - about 75
miles 2.5 days of walking
Similar to OLM to Niagara Falls…1.5 hours by car
A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)
4. Geography See textbook worksheet for notes
WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.4 1. Which region was the center of
Jesus’ earthly ministry? 2. What was the population of
Jesus’ hometown? 3. Name the event that increased
the hatred between Judean Jews & Samaritans.
4. Describe the terrain of Judea. 5. What major body of water is in
the southern part of the region of Judea?
WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.2 1.In which of the 4 terrains of
Palestine did Jesus’ ministry occur? 2. In which region is Jesus’
hometown of Nazareth? 3. Name one way the Samaritans’
religious tradition differed from mainline Jews.
4. What city is the political, economic, and religious center of Judaism?
5. What was Herod’s greatest building project?
WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.5 1. Name 3 bodies of water in
Palestine. 2. Which city in Galilee was the
“headquarters” for Jesus’ ministry? 3. Which region is in the north
central part of Palestine? 4. What was the regular population
of Jerusalem? 5. List 3 other significant cities in
Judea.
WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.9 1. List 4 different terrains within
Palestine. 2. Who was the ruler of Galilee
during Jesus’ lifetime? 3. Name one way Samaritans’
religious tradition differed from mainline Jews.
4. Name the southern region of Palestine.
5. List 4 trades of Jews in Jerusalem.
B. LANGUAGE 1. Aramaic
Look up the following passages from the Gospel of Mark that contain Aramaic words:
7:34 5:41 15:22 15:34
A key Aramaic word used in a unique way by Jesus was _______________ (Mark 14:36) Best translated as “daddy” Showed Jesus’ close relationship with God
B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)
2. Hebrew It is likely that Jesus knew some
Hebrew Learned at synagogue
B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)
3. Greek Common language used throughout
the Roman Empire Jesus likely had limited knowledge of
Greek The New Testament was written in
Greek
B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)
4. Techniques Read the passages listed below and match
them with the technique they demonstrate.
Matthew 18:8-9
Matthew 13:31
Matthew 5:44
Parallel StatementsComparisons
Exaggeration
C. RELIGION 1. Places of Worship
Synagogues
Temple
Quantity
Important Function(s)Physical DescriptionImportant PeopleSacred SpaceSpecial worship days
THE TEMPLE
WHAT REMAINS OF THE TEMPLE TODAY
C. RELIGION Using the information on textbook
pages 61 and 62, choose and complete one of the tasks below: A. Draw a sketch of what a synagogue
would have looked like in 1st century Palestine
B. Make an outline of a typical Sabbath service at a synagogue
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts A. PASSOVER
Most important Jewish feast Celebrated liberation from Egypt Celebrated in late March/April Traditional Practices:
Slaughter of Paschal Lamb Eating of Seder Meal
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts (continued) B. PENTECOST
50 days after Passover Celebrated God giving the Law to Moses (Sinai Covenant)
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts (continued) C. DAY OF ATONEMENT (Yom
Kippur) Solemn day of repentance for sins Historically the high priest would enter the Holy of Holies (purification)
Observed in the Fall (Sept/early Oct)
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts (continued) D. FEAST OF
TABERNACLES/BOOTHS Recalls time in the desert as nomads Fall (Sept/Oct) harvest celebration Travelers build huts to recall Jews’ time in the wilderness
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts (continued) E. HANUKKAH
Feast of Dedication Commemorates the Temple’s re-dedication after the Maccabean Revolt gained Jewish independence (164 BCE)
Celebrated in December
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
2. Jewish Feasts (continued) Label the images with the appropriate Jewish Feast.
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
3. Important 1st Century Jewish Beliefs A. Messiah
Belief that the messiah was coming SOON 3 common expectations:
B. Covenant God’s Chosen People Believe in & observe the Torah (Law)
C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)
3. Important 1st Century Jewish Beliefs (continued) C. Torah
Comes from word meaning “instruction” or “guidance”
Study and live out Torah Heart of Jewish religion today
TANAK: Law (Torah), Prophets (Nebiim), Writings (Ketubim)
D. Judgment & Resurrection Belief in afterlife common among Jews
after 2nd century B.C.E.
D. POLITICS See textbook worksheet for notes
E. PEOPLE 1. 4 Religious “Philosophies”/Sects
See handout for notes 2.
SADDUCEES
Sanhedrin
Conservative in religion—but liberal in politics
Think-Temple
PHARISEES
Conservative in politics but liberal in religion interpretation
Think-Synagogue
ESSENES
ZEALOTS
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