The Gilded Age. Today’s Key Terms The Gilded Age Social Problems Booker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBois Political Problems Political Machines Tammany Hall.
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The Gilded Age
Today’s Key Terms
The Gilded AgeSocial ProblemsBooker T. WashingtonW.E.B. DuBoisPolitical ProblemsPolitical MachinesTammany HallGraftThomas NastPendleton Civil
Service Act
What Does It Mean To Be Gilded
Gilded: To coat something in Gold
The Gilded Age: This is a time period
from 1877-1900 An era that looks rich
and prosperous on the surface
But, underneath that “gilded” surface is a rotten core
The Rotten Core
Underneath the surface we will find the following problems Social problems for
African Americans Factory workers and
the poor Government corruption
Like political machines Poverty
Awful living and working conditions
The Rotten Core: African American Life
Jim Crow Laws Segregated public
venues by raceLiteracy Tests
Requires voters to be able to read
Who will this stop from voting?
The Rotten Core: African American Life
Poll tax Require voters to pay
in order to vote Who does this stop
from voting?Grandfather Clause
In order to vote, one’s grandfather had to be eligible to vote
All of these strip Southern AA’s of their political rights Effects?
The Rotten Core: African American Life
Laws Force Segregation Plessy v. Ferguson This case upheld the
constitutionality of the Jim Crow Laws
Declared the “separate but equal clause” For every $14 spent on
white students, only $3 were spent on black students
Opposing Racial Injustice
Booker T. Washington He believed AA’s
should not demand immediate end to Jim Crow Laws
AA’s should “pick themselves up by their own bootstraps” This means, he thought
they should learn a skill Earn a good reputation
Eventually, whites would see AA’s as equal and overturn Jim Crow Laws
Opposing Racial Injustices
W.E.B. Dubois AA’s should demand
full and immediate equality
He didn’t believe AA’s should have to earn equality, but believed it was their right
He wanted AA’s to learn more than simple skills i.e. Become doctors,
lawyers, etc
Opposing Racial Injustices
Ida B. Wells AA women who fought
for AA rights Wrote newspaper
called Free Speech This paper condemned
lynching and poor treatment of AA’s
Struggles for Women
Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Formed NWSA to fight for women’s right to vote Anthony voted in one
election and was arrested
By 1906 only Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho allowed women to vote
Struggles for Women
Number of women attending college did increase at this time
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was formed to end alcohol abuse
Political and Economic Challenges
Political Problems
Democrats and Republicans made it hard on each other to pass new laws
Weak Presidents were corrupt or unable to pass legislation
Grover Cleveland was noteworthy for his integrity
Political Machines
Political Machine: Unofficial city organization designed to keep a particular party or group in power.
Tammany Hall: The political machine in New York City that dominated the Democratic Party. It used its power to provide jobs and favors to its supporters, but its leaders often used corrupt means to get elected and to enrich themselves. Boss Tweed was the leader of Tammany Hall.
Graft: illegal or unfair gain.
Graft still occurs today. With a partner, find an article in The New York Times about a person in government who misused their position for their own profit. Make a list of all the ways this specific example of corruption hurts others. Compare your list with the results of Tammany Hall graft years ago. Then on a blank piece of paper, created an advertisement denouncing this graft.
Political Cartoonists:These men expressed concern of corruption through
cartoons
Joseph Keppler “Bosses of the Senate”
What does this cartoon say about corruption in politics?
Thomas NastThe most famous of political cartoonistsHe exposed men like Boss Tweed
The Spoils System
This system gave jobs to loyal party members
This made civil service (govt jobs) inefficient, as many were not qualified for the jobs they were given.
Political Reform
Pendleton Civil Service Act In order to work in
civil service you had to pass a test
This ensured that only qualified persons took civil service jobs
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