The Expanding Vision of Positive Behavior Support: Happiness, Helpfulness, Hopefulness Edward G. Carr, PhD, BCBA, FAAMR State University of New York at.
Post on 25-Dec-2015
212 Views
Preview:
Transcript
The Expanding Vision of The Expanding Vision of Positive Behavior Support: Positive Behavior Support: Happiness, Helpfulness, Happiness, Helpfulness,
HopefulnessHopefulnessEdward G. Carr, PhD, BCBA, FAAMREdward G. Carr, PhD, BCBA, FAAMR
State University of New York at Stony BrookState University of New York at Stony Brook
Dr. Ted CarrDr. Ted CarrLeading ProfessorLeading ProfessorDept. of PsychologyDept. of PsychologyS.U.N.YS.U.N.YStony Brook, NY 11794-2500Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500Edward.Carr@sunysb.eduEdward.Carr@sunysb.eduwww.sunysb.edu/autismwww.sunysb.edu/autism
Accomplishments: Accomplishments: What We Have DoneWhat We Have Done
Journal of Positive Behavior InterventionsJournal of Positive Behavior InterventionsAssociation for Positive Behavior SupportAssociation for Positive Behavior SupportAnnual International Conference on PBSAnnual International Conference on PBSWebsite (Website (www.apbs.orgwww.apbs.org))Linkage to cognate organizations Linkage to cognate organizations
(e.g., the PBS SIG in ABA)(e.g., the PBS SIG in ABA)Impact on government funding priorities Impact on government funding priorities (e.g., multiple grants for PBS research)(e.g., multiple grants for PBS research)Codification of PBS in Federal law: IDEACodification of PBS in Federal law: IDEA
Unfinished Business: Unfinished Business: What We Need To DoWhat We Need To Do
Develop a conceptual framework, Develop a conceptual framework, grounded in relevant theory and data from grounded in relevant theory and data from multiple sciences, to guide our efforts in a multiple sciences, to guide our efforts in a systematic, prescriptive fashionsystematic, prescriptive fashion
Build infrastructure to ensure the future Build infrastructure to ensure the future viability of the PBS approach: preservice, viability of the PBS approach: preservice, inservice, organizational inservice, organizational change/reallocation of resourceschange/reallocation of resources
Unfinished Business: Unfinished Business: What We Need To DoWhat We Need To Do
Disseminate the PBS approach to new Disseminate the PBS approach to new venues and to new populations by venues and to new populations by developing relevant strategiesdeveloping relevant strategies
Articulate and promulgate a set of Articulate and promulgate a set of standards that accurately and concretely standards that accurately and concretely define the nature of PBS to ensure define the nature of PBS to ensure procedural integrity and quality controlprocedural integrity and quality control
Three ThemesThree Themes
Happiness: QOL as the central dependent Happiness: QOL as the central dependent variable in PBSvariable in PBS
Helpfulness: Systems change as the Helpfulness: Systems change as the central independent variable in PBScentral independent variable in PBS
Hopefulness: Facilitating the development Hopefulness: Facilitating the development of QOL and systems change by of QOL and systems change by incorporating knowledge from other incorporating knowledge from other sciencessciences
HappinessHappiness
Centrality of QOLCentrality of QOL
What can go right in a person’s life?What can go right in a person’s life?
vsvs
What are the forms of psychopathology that What are the forms of psychopathology that ruin a person’s life?ruin a person’s life?
Dimensions of Quality of LifeDimensions of Quality of Life
Material well-beingMaterial well-being
Health and safetyHealth and safety
Social well-beingSocial well-being
Emotional well-beingEmotional well-being
Leisure and recreationLeisure and recreation
AutonomyAutonomy
Material Well-BeingMaterial Well-Being
Adequate housingAdequate housing
Basic necessities (food, clothing)Basic necessities (food, clothing)
Sufficient incomeSufficient income
Availability of transportationAvailability of transportation
Amenities (toys, computers, valued Amenities (toys, computers, valued personal possessions)personal possessions)
Health and SafetyHealth and Safety
Adaptation to chronic illness and/or Adaptation to chronic illness and/or physical impairmentphysical impairment
Appropriate medicationAppropriate medication
Access to medical servicesAccess to medical services
Personal safety – home and communityPersonal safety – home and community
Health and wellnessHealth and wellness
Social Well-BeingSocial Well-Being
Social competence (interests and skills)Social competence (interests and skills)
Social networks (friends vs isolation)Social networks (friends vs isolation)
Community acceptance (social and ethnic Community acceptance (social and ethnic clubs, religious groups, hobby groups)clubs, religious groups, hobby groups)
Accessibility of desirable social contextsAccessibility of desirable social contexts
Emotional Well-BeingEmotional Well-Being
Close relationships (love, attachment, Close relationships (love, attachment, intimacy)intimacy)
Positive moodPositive mood
Emotional stabilityEmotional stability
Leisure and RecreationLeisure and Recreation
Social and solitary activities that generate Social and solitary activities that generate personal pleasure (hobbies, sports, personal pleasure (hobbies, sports, vacations, arts and entertainment, outdoor vacations, arts and entertainment, outdoor activities)activities)
AutonomyAutonomy
Being able to choose basic items: clothing, Being able to choose basic items: clothing, food, personal belongingsfood, personal belongingsBeing able to make major life choices: living Being able to make major life choices: living arrangements, social relationships, arrangements, social relationships, recreation and leisure, vocation, academic recreation and leisure, vocation, academic interests, religion and spiritual preferencesinterests, religion and spiritual preferencesSelf-sufficiency: achieving a level of Self-sufficiency: achieving a level of competence that reduces the level of competence that reduces the level of support required from others (e.g., self-care, support required from others (e.g., self-care, food preparation, safety in the community, food preparation, safety in the community, money management)money management)
Impediments to QOLImpediments to QOL
Problem behaviorProblem behavior
Skill deficitsSkill deficits
Dysfunctional systemsDysfunctional systems
The Problem With Problem The Problem With Problem BehaviorBehavior
Prevents full community integration Prevents full community integration (home/school/employment) (home/school/employment) Demoralizes family members Demoralizes family members (parents/siblings) and teachers(parents/siblings) and teachersIncreases likelihood of institutionalization Increases likelihood of institutionalization (loss of choice/dignity)(loss of choice/dignity)Rejection by others (social isolation/no Rejection by others (social isolation/no friends)friends)Damages self-esteem (shame/regret)Damages self-esteem (shame/regret)
SummarySummary: Destroys quality of life: Destroys quality of life
HelpfulnessHelpfulness
Support Support
vsvs
Cause and CureCause and Cure
Laboratory (Analog) Research Laboratory (Analog) Research as a Prelude to Effective as a Prelude to Effective
SupportSupport
Support: Maintenance and Support: Maintenance and SustainabilitySustainability
Linking Sustainability to Linking Sustainability to Systems Change: A ModelSystems Change: A Model
Elements of a Model for Systems Elements of a Model for Systems Change to Promote Sustainability Change to Promote Sustainability
of Effective Practicesof Effective Practices
VisionVision
SkillsSkills
IncentivesIncentives
ResourcesResources
Action planAction plan
Application of the Systems Change Application of the Systems Change ModelModel
Vision Vision e.g., goodness-of-fit; person-e.g., goodness-of-fit; person-centered planningcentered planning
SkillsSkills e.g., collaborative teaming and e.g., collaborative teaming and team trainingteam training
Incentives e.g., responsivity to social and Incentives e.g., responsivity to social and emotional needsemotional needs
ResourcesResources e.g., life arrangement and e.g., life arrangement and life coachinglife coaching
Action planAction plan e.g., group action planninge.g., group action planning
HopefulnessHopefulness
Extending PBS: Multiple Extending PBS: Multiple Populations and VenuesPopulations and Venues
PopulationsPopulations
Emotional and Emotional and behavior disordersbehavior disorders
Mental health / mental Mental health / mental illnessillness
Traumatic brain injuryTraumatic brain injury
Juvenile delinquencyJuvenile delinquency
Deaf / hard of hearingDeaf / hard of hearing
Conduct disorderConduct disorder
BulliesBullies
Literacy issuesLiteracy issues
Typical familiesTypical families
Fetal alcohol syndromeFetal alcohol syndrome
Alzheimer’s or dementiaAlzheimer’s or dementia
Sex offendersSex offenders
Extending PBS: Multiple Extending PBS: Multiple Populations and VenuesPopulations and Venues
VenuesVenues
Cross-cultural Cross-cultural settingssettings
Underserved Underserved communitiescommunities
Head start classesHead start classes
High schoolsHigh schools
Interagency coordinationInteragency coordination
Rural settingsRural settings
Normative work / living Normative work / living settingssettings
Medical / clinical settingsMedical / clinical settings
Note: Source of entries is from the first and Note: Source of entries is from the first and second conference agendas of the second conference agendas of the Association for Positive Behavior Support, Association for Positive Behavior Support, Orlando, FL (2003) and Tampa, FL (2005)Orlando, FL (2003) and Tampa, FL (2005)
Extending PBS: Linkage to Multiple Extending PBS: Linkage to Multiple Sciences and DisciplinesSciences and Disciplines
Organizational managementOrganizational management
Community / ecological psychologyCommunity / ecological psychology
Cultural psychologyCultural psychology
Biomedical sciencesBiomedical sciences
Positive psychologyPositive psychology
Organizational Management: Organizational Management: Systems Change ThemesSystems Change Themes
Models for effective service deliveryModels for effective service delivery
Models for effective trainingModels for effective training
Models for effective team buildingModels for effective team building
Models for building motivationModels for building motivation
Models for ensuring accountabilityModels for ensuring accountability
Models for data managementModels for data management
Community / Ecological Community / Ecological Psychology: Illustrative ExamplesPsychology: Illustrative Examples
A Focus on PreventionA Focus on PreventionIdentification and analysis of environmental Identification and analysis of environmental risk factorsrisk factors
Proactively addressing the issue of scarce Proactively addressing the issue of scarce resources (not enough time, money, resources (not enough time, money, personnel)personnel)
Preventive support plans that appeal to the Preventive support plans that appeal to the broader needs of settings and communitiesbroader needs of settings and communities
Community / Ecological Community / Ecological Psychology: Illustrative ExamplesPsychology: Illustrative Examples
Building Sources of Social SupportBuilding Sources of Social SupportSupport networks in the lifecycleSupport networks in the lifecycle
Self-help groupsSelf-help groups
EmpowermentEmpowermentNetworking Networking
Influencing policy formationInfluencing policy formation
Effectively competing for resourcesEffectively competing for resources
Building organizational coalitionsBuilding organizational coalitions
Cultural PsychologyCultural Psychology
Cultural relativism: conceptualizing Cultural relativism: conceptualizing problemsproblems
Cultural values: identifying acceptable Cultural values: identifying acceptable goalsgoals
Cross-cultural competence: customs, Cross-cultural competence: customs, rapport, cooperationrapport, cooperation
Biomedical Science: Some Biomedical Science: Some PossibilitiesPossibilities
Knowledge of brain function influences Knowledge of brain function influences how to build competencieshow to build competencies
Biological factors as setting events for Biological factors as setting events for problem behaviorproblem behavior
QOL and health psychology / behavioral QOL and health psychology / behavioral medicinemedicine
Positive Psychology: Our Greatest Positive Psychology: Our Greatest Scientific Ally?Scientific Ally?
““Positive psychology is an umbrella term for Positive psychology is an umbrella term for the study of positive emotions, positive the study of positive emotions, positive character traits, and enabling institutions character traits, and enabling institutions (Seligman et al., 2005)”(Seligman et al., 2005)”
Positive Psychology: Our Greatest Positive Psychology: Our Greatest Scientific Ally?Scientific Ally?
A strengths-based approachA strengths-based approachAddress behavior challenges by increasing Address behavior challenges by increasing competence competence Competence involves character building reflecting Competence involves character building reflecting six virtues: wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, six virtues: wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendencetemperance, and transcendenceImprove QOL by focusing on social and emotional Improve QOL by focusing on social and emotional well-beingwell-beingCreate institutions that enable positive affectCreate institutions that enable positive affectWidespread application across populations and Widespread application across populations and venuesvenues
We Are Not a Lonely Voice in We Are Not a Lonely Voice in the Wildernessthe Wilderness
We Are One of Many Voices in We Are One of Many Voices in a Chorusa Chorus
top related