The Concept Of Assessment in Biology

The concept of assessment

By

Rosizan Bt Mohd Yusof

SKOP

1. PEREALISASIAN ITEM

2. JADUAL SPESIFIKASI UJIAN ( JSU )

3.PENILAIAN ITEM( 9 POINT SYSTEM )

EXAMINATIONFRUSTRATIONS

Standardization of item writing: The constructs The contexts Items – Type, components and

characteristics Principles of item writing Techniques in item evaluation Creativity Verbal communication Teaching and learning The individual psychology of learning

Piawaian Penulis Item

• Mempunyai pengetahuan dan kefahaman tentang konstruk yang diukur

• Mempunyai pengetahuan dan kefahaman tentang konteks

• Mempunyai pengetahuan dan kefahaman tentang jenis item, ciri item, prinsip pembinaan dan penilaian item

• Kreatif• Mahir dalam komunikasi verbal• Terlibat dengan pengajaran-pembelajaran di bilik darjah• Memahami psikologi pendidikan tentang individu yang

akan menduduki peperiksaan

ASSESSMENT

Assessment is a process

of gathering information

in order to

make judgement

on the products of

a particular educational process.

PENTAKSIRAN

Pentaksiran ialah satu proses

mendapatkan maklumat

dan seterusnya

membuat penghakiman

tentang produk

sesuatu proses pendidikan.

CONDITIONS FOR ASSESSMENT

Instruments A group of people to be assessed Responses The raters /assessors / examiners Score

RUKUN PENTAKSIRAN

Instrumen

Kumpulan Yang Ditaksir

Respons

Kumpulan Yang Menaksir

Skor

AN ITEM

A tool or something that is used to obtain / invite

responseswhich represent the evidens

to be consideredin the assessment of a certain construct

ITEM

Perkara atau alat

yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan

respons

yang merupakan evidens

yang boleh dipertimbangkan

dalam pentaksiran sesuatu konstruk

COMPONENTS OF AN ITEMStimulus

A specific information or a graphic or an abstract of an article to which a question is based on.

Task / Stem A statement or phrasal words containing the requirements of the

question that has to be presented in the responses.

Instruction An instructional statement that indicates how the responses has to

be presented / delivered.

Mark Scheme A guide to the examiner/ raters as how to score : - rubrics

- sample answers

KOMPONEN ITEMRangsangan / Stimulus

Maklumat khusus/grafik/petikan artikel di mana sesuatu soalan itu didasarkan.

Tugasan / Stem Pernyataan/kata dasar tentang apa / perkara yang perlu

dipersembahkan sebagai respons.

Arahan Pernyataan yang menunjukkan bagaimana harus respons itu

dikemukakan/ dipersembahkan.

Peraturan Pemarkahan Panduan tentang bagaimana skor diberikan : - rubrik

- contoh jawapan / respons

SUBJECTIVE ITEM

This type of item allows

subjectivity in the respons

and

The score given is based on the mark scheme

ITEM SUBJEKTIF

Item ini membenarkan

subjektiviti dalam respons

yang diberikan

dan pemberian skor adalah berdasarkan

skema penskoran.

RESTRICTED RESPONSE ITEM

There is a tendency to limit the types and amount of responses within the (limited)

scope of the question task.nevertheless

It is not restricted to assess knowledge only (knowledge is the construct…LPM format)

EXAMPLES OF RESTRICTED RESPONSE ITEM

1. Explain the meaning of a balanced diet.

2. Draw a diagram to show deviation of light rays when passing through a glass prism.

3. Differentiate between succession and colonisation (in an ecological study ).

4. An alloy is better than a pure metal. Give two reasons.

5. Describe the use of microorganisms in food industries

6. State two methods of producing pure metals

ITEM RESPONS TERHAD

Berkecenderungan

menghadkan bentuk dan respons

pelajar

melalui skop yang disoal.

Tidak terhad kepada menguji pengetahuan sahaja.

OPEN ENDED RESPONSE ITEM

Polychotomous and it invites various forms of answers.

EXAMPLE OF OPEN ENDED RESPONSE

ITEMS

1. Describe the phenomenon of global warming

2. Explain the contribution of science and technology in the development of human sexual reproduction

3. Discuss problems often faced by people as a result of intensive use of pesticides in agriculture

STRENGTH OF OPEN ENDED RESPONSE ITEM

The respondents / students are able to:

1. identify, select, organise and present ideas in a better form of communication.

2. combine and interrelate various ideas, knowledge and information from a variety of learning sources / media.

3. produce/present genuine ideas.

4. give judgement and evaluate ideas or information in the problems given .

5. to explore all the possible ways, methodology or approaches in an effort to solve the problems in the question.

ITEM RESPONS TERBUKA

Bersifat polikotomus dan mengundang pelbagai kemungkinan jawapan

daripada pelajar.

GUIDED RESPONSE ITEM

The responses are strictly based on the stimulus given in the question. The stimulus may be in the form of a diagram, photographs, a map, a chart / flowchart or a segment of an article/essay .

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

It consists of a series of items / questions in such a way that there are connections among all the items in the question. The items in the question are interrelated.

The responses thus given are the whole main processes / ideas / information in the concept or topic that is going to be tested.

It is a type of restricted and guided response item

MARK SCHEME

A document containing : - answers / sample answers and scoring guides / rubrics as how to score students responses - it provides allocation of scores for each task in the item.Scoring rubric is a brief scoring guide as what to bear in mind / to consider during scoring and it is accompanied by sample answers.

MARK SCHEMETwo types of scoring:

Analytical scoring The score given is based on points / correct

facts / evidence found in the students responses / answers.

Holistic scoring Scores awarded are based on the overall

( quality ) of students responses / answers or a perception marking

Example of mark scheme

• Mark scheme1

Peraturan Pemarkahan

Dokumen yang mengandungi : - jawapan / contoh jawapan, panduan untuk menskor jawapan pelajar - pembahagian skor bagi setiap tugasan yang terdapat dalam setiap item.Rubrik penskoran ialah panduan umum penskoran yang boleh dipertimbangkan semasa membuat penskoran

Peraturan Pemarkahan

Penskoran Analitikal

Pemberian skor berdasarkan poin yang telah ditentukan.

Penskoran Mutu Keseluruhan

Pemberian skor berdasarkan mutu jawapan secara keseluruhan.