th Dec 2015, SILC , Future smart farming Siraj Pinjari ...mangomango.in/files/documents/Hydroponics-SILC-4-DEC-UPLOAD.pdf · 4th Dec 2015, SILC , Future smart farming Siraj Pinjari

4th Dec 2015, SILC , Future smart farmingSiraj PinjariGouri Jadhav

Hydroponics - contentMethods ,Substrates ,Crops1. What is hydroponics ?2. Benefits-Why hydroponics?3. Soil to soiless4. Crops

Fertigation: 1. Water quality and plant nutrition.2. Nutrient solution , EC and PH.3. Fertilizers.4. Tank A ; B. And Acid Tank.

Costing1. Infra structure cost2. Operation cost3. Savings

QA

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Hydroponics Hydroponics : Hydro = Water , Ponics = work

Hydroponics is growing plants in inert medium like coco-peat, Perlite, vermiculite and providing essential nutrients through water i.e. Nutrient solution.

Inert material means it does not provide nutrition.

Unlike soil which provide various nutrients to plants.

Why hydroponics? Water scarcity at certain location.

Labour availability problems or labour cost.

Undulating land. Tillage not possible with tractor/bullocks

Soil is not cultivable (Barren Sodic soils-Kutchh).

Automation of cultivation for efficiency.

Cultivation on Roof top – terrace gardening or urban farming.

Recreation/hobby like Living wall.

Sloppy, uneven and rocky land

Benefits of Hydroponics Efficient use of water and fertilizer. Reduces water

consumption by around 80-90 %.

Better and efficient control on macro and micro nutrients application.

Recycling of water is possible.

Reduced labor cost on land preparation, compost , fumigation and inter-culture – removing weeds.

Better control on EC & PH.

Efficient control on soil borne diseases like root rot.

Better quality, shelf life and Productivity.

Soil to soil-less farming

Soil farming using drip and sprinklers

Soil farming using only drip

Salads using NFT

Everything in grow bags

Myths and realityMyth -Hydroponics should be done in polyhouseonly.

Reality –NOIt can be done in shade net / open cultivation.

Myth-It uses harmful chemicals.

Reality –NoIt uses pure water soluble fertilizers.

Crops we grow Crop

Leafy green Lettuce

Icerberg Lettuce

Broccoli

Red Cabbage

Zucchini

Color capscicumCherry Tomato/ Tomato

White Brinjal

Kale

Crops grownCrop Method

Cabbage Grow Bags

Cauliflower Grow Bags

Cucumber/ Dodka / Karle Grow BagsChillies Grow Bags

Tomato Grow Bags

Mutter / ghevda Grow Bags

Methi, pala etc Trays

Flowers –Rose Pots / grow bags

Gerbera Pots / Grow Bags

Fertigation Hydroponics

Saves 90 % water.

Imagination of layman. NFT.

Methods1. SUB IRRIGATED

2. DWC – Deep water culture.

3. Wick Method.

4. Aeroponics

5. Ebb and Flow.

6. NFT – Nutrient film technique.

7. TOP IRRIGATED

8. Drip method .

Deep Water Culture- Roots need O2

DWC

Coco Peat Pellets

Aeroponics

Ebb and Flow

NFT- Nutrient Film Technique

Grow Bag 1 metre

Top Irrigated - Drip Pots , troughs and Grow bags .

Pots

Grow Bag 30 cm

Grow Bags with Crop

Drip irrigation. Spaghetti

Fertigation Water quality and plant nutrition.

Water PH .

EC – Electrical conductivity.

EC of substrate.

Nutrient solution , EC and PH.

Fertilizers.

Tank A ; B Tank.

PH

PH is a parameter that measures acidity and alkalinity of solution on scale of 0- 14

0 to 6.9 = Acidic

7 = Neutral

7.1 to 14 = Alkaline

For Hydroponics slightly acidic PH (5.5 to 6.5) is recommended for better nutrient absorption.

PH Meter

EC = Electrical conductivity Total amounts of salts in water determine the

electrical conductivity of water

Measured in ds/m.

1000 micro siemens/cm =1 mS/cm = 1 dS/m

It determines osmosis in roots.

EC of water with fertilizer should be less than 2 ds/m (>2 depending upon crop)

1 EC = 640 ppm.

EC Meter

Nutrient Solution Nutrient solution is aqueous (water) solution

containing inorganic soluble salts of essential elements like

Macro

Micro

Macro Elements Micro Elements

Nitrogen(N),Phosphorus(P), Potash (K) Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) , Sulphur (S).

Boron (B), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) , Molybdenum (Mo)

Fertilizers used in HydroponicsName Formula/Commo

n nameNutrient % Solubility

Gm/Lit at 20 oC

Calcium Nitrate CaNo3 15.5 N ; 19 Ca 1290

Potassium Nitrate KNO3 (13-0-45) 13 N ; 45 K 316

Mono Potassium Phosphate

0-52-34 52 P ; 34 K 226

Magnesium Sulphate MgSo4 Mg 9-10 ; S 13 335

Potassium Sulphate K2SO4 (0-0-50) K-50 , S - 18 111

Ferrous Chelated Fe EDTA 12 % Fe

Fe EDDHA 6 % Fe

MicronutrientsElement Source

Boron Borax

Disodium Octaborate (Solubor)

Zinc ZnSO4 7H2O. Zn-Sulphate

Manganese MnSO4. Mn-Sulphate

Copper CuSO4 (Blue copper)

Molybdenum Sodium Molybdate orAmmonium molybdtae

Nitric acid / phosphoric acid

pH management

Set up design

Tank A Contents of Nutrient solution A : grow bags

Calcium Nitrate

Potassium Nitrate

Fe EDTA

Contents of Nutrient solution A : Soil

• Urea / Calcium Nitrate

• Fe EDTA

Tank B Contents of nutrient

solution B : Grow Bags

MgSo4

MKP

K2So4

Boron

Zinc

Manganese

Copper

Molybdenum

• Contents of nutrient solution B : Soil

• MgSo4 • MKP • K2So4 / MOP• Boron • Zinc • Manganese • Copper • Molybdenum

Nutrient requirement mg/litCrop Nitrogen Phosphorus Potash

Tomato 125 -200 40-50 300-350

Green Vegetables 125-150 30-50 130-200

Cabbage 125-175 30-50 130-200

Chillies 125-150 30-50 200-300

Cucumber/gourds 125-175 30-50 200-250

Gerbera 100 30-50 110-140

Ventury

Diaphragm Pump

Fertigation for Soil Fertigation is method of applying fertilizers with

irrigation water.

Steps must be followed

1) Soil Testing

2) Preparation of tank A and B fertilizer solution.

3) Apply through drip using diaphragm pump better than use of ventury.

Fertigation for Soil

Fertigationfor Soil

CostingInfra structure cost

Small grow bag 30-35 rs

Long grow bag : 80-100 rs.

3 year life of each grow bag

Operation cost : Fertilizer cost 15000 to 40000 for 10 gunthe

Savings : no Weeds, Reduced labour, no soil born diseases/ pests, water 80-90% saving

How to reduce cost for soil Use urea for fertigation in soil (1/3 reduction in

fertlizers use)

Use Muriat of potash (1/3 reduction in fertlizer use)

Cost of fertilizer.

Hydroponics – 15000 to 40,000 per 10 R.

Cotton – 3600 per acre

Banana -25,000-30,000 per acre

Pomegranate -15,000 per acre

Papaya – 15,000-20,000 per acre

Thanks Siraj Pinjari : 9823 691 404

Sirajpinjari@yahoo.com

Gouri Jadhav : 9325 20 6907

Gouri.jadhav@gmail.com

Earth Alliance

77 580 111 74