Systemic Circulation - كلية الطب › uploads › 7 › 9 › 0 › 4 › 79048958 › ... · 2020-01-22 · Systemic Circulation: 1. superior vena cava drains a. azygos system

Systemic Circulation: 1. superior vena cava

drains

a. azygos system

b. right and left

brachiocephalic veins

c. internal jugular

and subclavian vein

d. external jugular

and axillary

e. cephalic vein

(superficial) and brachial

vein (deep) which drains

radial, ulnar, median

cubital and basilic veins

Cranial Circulation: cranial

venous

sinuses

Dural sinuses Drain the veins of

the brain

Cavernous sinuses

Dangerous if trauma

Come together as

sigmoid sinus – becomes Internal Jugular vein

Exits skull through jugular foramen

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Internal jugular veins Drain most of blood from brain

Run lateral to internal then common carotid

At base of neck joins subclavian v. to form brachiocephalic v.

External jugulars – drain some of scalp & face

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:

Azygos

system

drains the

thorax

Note that unlike the

arteries, the veins

have a

brachiocephalic on

the right and left

sides

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Deep veins of upper limbs follow arteries, most of them double to one artery

Superficial veins: see pic

Blood drawn from median cubital vein in antecubital fossa

Antecubital Fossa Form

anastomese

frequently

Median cubital

vein is used to

obtain blood or

administer IV

fluids

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Systemic Veins

3 major vessels enter Right Atrium:

SVC (superior vena cava)

IVC (inferior vena cava)

Coronary sinus

Many veins are very superficial (unlike arteries)

Venous plexuses (networks of anastomoses and parallel veins) are very common

Head and hepatic portal systems are unusual

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Inferior vena cava

drains

a. hepatic vein

b. phrenic vein

c. paired renal

veins

d. paired gonadal

veins

Body wall veins

parallel the

arteries.

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Veins Of The Right Lower Limb And Pelvis

(b)

Popliteal vein

Common iliac vein

Fibular (peroneal)

vein Anterior tibial vein

Dorsalis pedis vein

Dorsal venous arch Metatarsal veins

Internal iliac vein External iliac vein Inguinal ligament

Femoral vein Great saphenous

vein (superficial)

Great saphenous vein

Popliteal vein Anterior tibial vein

Fibular (peroneal) vein

Small saphenous vein

(superficial)

Posterior tibial vein

Plantar veins

Plantar arch Digital veins

(a)

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Leg veins Names similar to

arteries

Femoral becomes

external iliac after

crossing under

inguinal ligament

External iliac joins

with internal iliac to

form common iliac

vein

_________used for grafting in coronary

artery bypass grafts: is the

longest vein in the body

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Paired common iliac veins which drain

(1) paired internal iliac veins

(2) paired external iliac veins which drain

(a) femoral veins which drain

1. popliteal veins which drain

a. Peroneal vein

b. Anterior and posterior tibial veins

(b) great saphenous veins

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Kind of confusing… Superior

mesenteric and

splenic veins

join to form

hepatic portal

vein, which

goes up into

liver

Inferior

mesenteric

empties into

the splenic vein

*

*

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Hepatic portal system Picks up digested nutrients from stomach & intestines

and delivers them to liver for processing and storage Storage of nutrients

Detoxification of toxins, drugs, etc.

Two capillary beds

Route: artery to capillaries of gut to hepatic portal vein to liver’s capillaries to hepatic vein to IVC

Tributaries of hepatic

portal vein:

-superior mesenteric vein

-splenic vein

-inferior mesenteric vein

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Fetal

Circulation

The one umbilical vein brings blood which has been to the placenta for oxygenation (by gas diffusion from mom’s blood)

The pair of umbilical arteries (branches from baby’s internal iliac arteries) carry blood to placenta to pick up oxygen and nutrients

Fetal heart starts beating at 21 days post conception

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