SUCCESSFUL ON-FARM IRRIGATION LIBERTY HUNTER · 2019. 11. 30. · irrigation in the field • basic irrigation system . water source→ pump→filter → pressure gauge → mainline
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SUCCESSFUL ON-FARM IRRIGATION LIBERTY HUNTER
BASIC DEFINITIONS •SPRINKLERS
BASIC DEFINITIONS •MAINLINE
BASIC DEFINITIONS •HEADER LINE
BASIC DEFINTIONS •BARBS
BASIC DEFINITIONS •GOOF PLUGS •HOLE PUNCH
IRRIGATION IN THE GREENHOUSE •FULL FLOW OR MISTERS? WHEN TO USE
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • BASIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM WATER SOURCE→ PUMP→FILTER → PRESSURE GAUGE → MAINLINE
DRIP : → MEDIA FILTER → PRESSURE REGULATOR → HEADER LINE → DRIP TAPE
SPRINKLER : → HEADER LINE → SPRINKLER
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DRIP/SPRINKLERS
DRIP IRRIGATION
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
USES LESS WATER DRIP TAPE DOES NOT LAST FOREVER
REQUIRES LESS WATER PRESSURE LEAK REPAIR
REDUCES DISEASE PRESSURE REQUIRES HIGHER QUALITY WATER
FIELD OPERATIONS CAN CONTINUE RESTRICTED WATER DISTRIBUTION
SPRINKLERS
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
REDUCES SOIL CRUSTING ENCOURAGES WEED GROWTH BETWEEN ROWS/BEDS
PROVIDES OVERALL DISTRIBUTION MAY ENCOURAGE SOME DISEASE
LEACHES EXCESS SALT REQUIRES HIGH WATER PRESSURE
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD •APPLICATION RATE OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
PENN STATE EXTENSION : “DETERMINING HOW LONG TO RUN DRIP IRRIGATION SYSYTEMS FOR VEGETABLES”
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • APPLICATION RATE OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
1 ACRE OF WINTER SQUASH ON 5FT CENTERS
AREA TO IRRIGATE: 30” (2.5ft)
# OF GALLONS IN 1 ACRE-INCH: 27,154gal
# OF ft² IN 1 ACRE: 43,560ft²
DRIP TAPE FLOW RATE: .45gpm/100ft
AMOUNT OF TIME TO RUN THE SYSTEM:
13,577gal÷39.204gpm= 346min OR 5.8hrs
PENN STATE EXTENSION : “DETERMINING HOW LONG TO RUN DRIP IRRIGATION SYSYTEMS FOR VEGETABLES”
DRIP TAPE NEEDED: 43,560ft²÷5ft=8,712ft
AREA TO IRRIGATE: 8,712ft×2.5ft=21,780ft² (.5 acres)
GALLONS NEEDED: 27,154gal×.5 acres=13,577gal
DRIP UNITS NEEDED: 8,712ft÷100ft=87.12 units
GPM NEEDED: 87.12units×.45gpm=39.204gpm
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • APPLICATION
RATE OF IRRIGATION
SYSTEMS
DETERMINING HOW LONG TO RUN THE
IRRIGATION AT ONE TIME
WEB SOIL SURVEY
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • APPLICATION RATES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
SPRINKLERS AR = (96.3 x Qn) / (Ss x Sl)
Where: AR = gross application rate in inches/hour
Qn = nozzle flow rate in gallons per minute Ss = sprinkler spacing in feet
Sl = lateral spacing in feet 60 to 80% efficiency
SEE REFERENCES FOR SPRINKLER APPLICATION RATE CALCULATOR
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • FILTRATION 200 MESH SCREEN OR EQUIVALENT IS ADEQUATE MEDIA, SCREEN, AND DISK FILTERS CLEANING: INSTALL PRESSURE GAUGES BEFORE AND AFTER THE
FILTER(S). THIS CAN ALERT YOU WHEN TO CLEAN THE FILTER (DROP IN NORMAL PRESSURE, 5-8PSI)
SCREEN FILTER SAND MEDIA FILTER DISC FILTER
IRRIGATION INNOVATION
BACK-FLUSHING IRRIGATION
FILTER HEARTY ROOTS
COMMUNITY FARM, NY
IRRIGATION IN THE FIELD • TIMERS MAY BE USED TO AUTOMATICALLY OPERATE THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM
AT PRE-SET START AND END TIMES. TIME AND LABOR SAVER MAY BE SET AT ANY NUMER OF HYDRANTS OR HIGH TUNNELS ON YOUR
FARM
IRRIGATION IN HIGH TUNNELS • DRIP IRRIGATION IS MOST
POPULAR
• SPRINKLER SYSTEMS HELP LEACH SALTS KEEP THE TOTAL SOIL ARE
MOIST HELP TO COOL THE TUNNEL IN
HOT SUMMERS
IRRIGATION IN HIGH TUNNELS • WINTER IRRIGATION HOW MOIST IS THE SOIL GOING INTO WINTER? WATER EARLY IN THE DAY
TRY TO CHOOSE A SUNNY DAY TO IRRIGATE
IRRIGATION INNOVATION
SOLAR POWERED PUMP THE SALAD GARDEN, MO
IRRIGATION INNOVATION
RAIN BARRELS FOR HIGH TUNNELS IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
EXTENSION AND OUTREACH
RAINWATER COLLECTION
FOUR SEASON TOOLS
REFERENCES • GENERAL IRRIGATION INFORMATION
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA EXTENSION: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs388 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SMALL FARM PROGRAM:
http://sfp.ucdavis.edu/pubs/Family_Farm_Series/Veg/Irrigating/ PENN STATE EXTENSION: http://extension.psu.edu/business/ag-
alternatives/horticulture/horticultural-production-options/drip-irrigation-for-vegetable-production NOBLE FOUNDATION: http://www.noble.org/ag/horticulture/surface-water-irrigation/
• PENN STATE EXTENSION APPLICATION RATE FORMULA: http://extension.psu.edu/plants/vegetable-fruit/news/2012/determining-how-long-to-run-drip-
irrigation-systems-for-vegetables
• WASHINGTON STATE SPRINKLER APPLICATION RATE: http://irrigation.wsu.edu/Content/Calculators/Sprinkler/Sprinkler-Application-Rate.php
• INNOVATIVE TOOLS SOLAR POWERED PUMP:
http://mysare.sare.org/mySARE/ProjectReport.aspx?do=viewProj&pn=FNC05-557 FARM HACK BACK-FLUSHING FILTER: http://www.youngfarmers.org/farmhack-tools-back-flushing-
irrigation-water-filter/ IOWA STATE EXTENSION: http://www.leopold.iastate.edu/pubs-and-papers/2012-01-rainwater-
catchment-high-tunnel-irrigation-use FOUR SEASON TOOLS RAINWATER CATCHMENT: http://www.smallfarmtools.com/pages/water-
catchment WEB SOIL SURVEY: http://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm
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