Structural Drawing Chapter 19. 2 Technical Drawing 13 th Edition Giesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper.
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Structural Drawing
Chapter 19
2Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Objectives
• Create a structural truss or floor plan drawing
• Label and specify the size and shape of steel structural members
• Identify, draw, and label various structural steel shapes
3Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Objectives (cont.)
• Identify, draw, and label high-strength bolts used in structural joints
• Identify welding symbols used in steel fabrication of structural components
• Identify and read concrete and brick construction details
4Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Drawings
• Structural drawings include:• Foundation plans• Wall sections and framing details• Structural steel framing and details• Beam and column drawings and
details
5Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Wood Construction
• Many different types of wood are used as structural timber
• The surface of a wood product is finished by milling or planing • Due to wood loss in surfacing, nominal
size is larger than dressed thickness• Symbols are used to indicate
requirements for finished surfaces on wood
6Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Wood Joints
7Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Connector Designs
8Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel
• Structural steel drawings are ordinarily one of two types:• Engineering design drawings• Manufacturing (shop) drawings
9Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel
• Engineering design drawings show the overall dimensions of the structure including:• Locations of columns, beams, angles
and other shapes• Sizes of structural members• Detail in the form of cross sections,
special connections required, and notes
10Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel
11Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel
• Shop drawings consist of detail drawings of all parts of the entire structure showing exactly how the parts are to be made
• These drawings show all dimensions necessary for fabrication, usually calculated to the nearest 1/16”
12Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Piece Marks
• A system is used to mark each piece that is separately handled
• This mark is called a piece mark and should be shown wherever the member appears on the drawings
13Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Piece Marks
14Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel Shapes
• Structural steel is available in many standard shapes
• Most CAD programs have structural shapes symbol libraries available
15Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Steel Shapes
16Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Erection Plans
• Erection plans made by the steel fabricator are assembly drawings for the steel structure
17Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Erection Plans
18Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Connections
• Main members are joined together in the field to build a structure and most joints are welded connections to the main members
• Riveting is seldom used as a connection but you may find reference to riveted joints in original plans
19Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Connections
• AISC recommends certain standard connections for attaching beams• You should know the strength of the
various connections and use them only when they are sufficient
20Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Welding
• Welding is a common method for connecting steel members of buildings and bridges• The fillet weld is the most common in
structural steel fabrication
21Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Welded Beam Detail
22Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
High-Strength Bolting for Structural Joints• Two common
types of high-strength steel bolts are ASTM A325 and A490
23Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Accuracy in Dimensions
• Incorrect dimensions on drawings will result in serious errors and misfits when members are assembled in the field
• Consider the effect of tolerance stacking on the fit of steel members
24Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Concrete Construction
• Concrete is made by mixing sand, gravel, or other aggregates with Portland cement and water
• Reinforced concrete has embedded steel reinforcing bars
• In prestressed concrete, the steel is pretensioned before the superimposed load is applied
25Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Reinforced Concrete Drawings
26Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Structural Clay Products
• Brick and tile are some of the best known forms of building construction
• Traditionally they are built into masonry forms and units are placed one at a time in a soft mortar
27Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Stone Construction
• Natural stone is also used in masonry construction, most commonly for ornamental facing
28Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All Rights Reserved.
Laying and Bonding Brick, Tile and Stone
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