Strengthening the Sustainable Development Goals with Open Access and Open Science

Strengthening the Sustainable Development Goals with

Open Access and Open ScienceChallenges and Opportunities

Webinar in conjunction with the e-forum on "Sustainable Development Goals: The Impact of Access to Information on our Societies". Sept. 15, 2015

Leslie ChanUniversity of Toronto Scarborough

Agenda

• Personal background and conceptual approaches to Open Access and Open Science

• SDGs, the good and the bad• Specific links between the SDGs and Open

Science and Open Access • Policy considerations

http://www.bioline.org.br

http://www.bioline.org.br

Centre

OPEN ACCESS ?

Could Open Access change the current power structure of global scientific production and dissemination?

Periphery

Periphery

open access creates the potential for new spaces for collaboration and co-creation of knowledge

Openness as a means to development

What is the nature of “openness” and its linkage to innovations for public goods and how can this understanding help formulate and support enabling policies?

Meanings of Openness• Free of cost barriers• Free of permission barriers• Free to share and re-use• Rights to Research, meaning the rights to

participate in knowledge production and meaning making• Inclusive Participation (beyond expertise)• Equitable Collaboration • Promote Cognitive justice

“The right to science envisages the scientific and technological endeavor as a process that every person is entitled to participate in—a collective and collaborative process that can help to unite a frequently fragmented world.”

Lea Shaver, The Right to Science and Culture. 2010 WISC. L. REV. 121 (2010)

Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network

Funding:

Coordination

http://www.ocsdnet.org @ocsdnet

A proposition that open models and peer-based production, enabled by pervasive network technologies, non-market based incentive structures and alternative licensing regimes, could result in greater participation, access and collaboration across different social and economic sectors.

This call for:• Diverse empirical research on “openness” across

disciplinary boundaries • Development of rich conceptual frameworks that

acknowledge the diversity of knowledge production, forms of representations, and legitimation • Understanding principles of technical and social

interoperability and the supporting institutional structures• Rethinking on funding support and incentive structures• Policy Alignment between funders and development

organizations

Open Science as Inclusive Science• Could OCS thinking and practices lead to a

more inclusive view of knowledge production and legitimation?

• What kind of tools, standards, infrastructure, institutions and policies would need to be created or adapted to enable OCS and equal participation of researchers from marginalized regions?

• The network is supporting 12 sub-projects with researchers from 15 countries

• 3 projects from Sub-Saharan Africa, 1 from the Middle East, 1 from the Caribbean, 4 from Latin America, and 3 from South, East and Central Asia

• Diverse topics: citizen science, open hardware, open data, IP policy, climate change, food security, public health, indigenous knowledge, sociology of science…

OpenScience

Doing Science Openly& Collaboratively

Open Data

Open Access

Overarching Framework: Governance and Sustainability ?

Practice Principles Policy

Knowledge as a Public Good

Knowing Differently

Inclusion

Innovation

Funding

Infrastructure

Intellectual Property

Incentive

Rights to Researchfor Social Justice

The Sustainable Development Goals

http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/ng-interactive/2015/jan/19/sustainable-development-goals-changing-world-17-steps-interactive

Build resilient infrastructure,

promote inclusive and sustainable

industrialisation and foster innovation

End poverty in all its forms

everywhere

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for

sustainable development, provide

access to justice for all and build effective,

accountable and inclusive institutions

at all levels

Build resilient infrastructure,

promote inclusive and sustainable

industrialisation and foster innovation

End poverty in all its forms

everywhere

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for

sustainable development, provide

access to justice for all and build effective,

accountable and inclusive institutions

at all levels

Knowledge Infrastructure

Knowledge Poverty

Cognitive Justice and

Rights to Research

The Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA)

The World of Scientific Output According to Thomson’s ISI Science Citation Index

Data from 2002http://www.worldmapper.org/display.php?selected=205

The Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA)

How much of the research output from Africa are relevant to the problems faced by Africans?

The need to build robust and scalable Knowledge Infrastructures to support open research practices and data sharing

“Knowledge infrastructures are complex ecologies, adapting continuously to local and global conditions and to changes in technology, policy, and stakeholders”

Borgman, C. L., Darch, P. T., Sands, A. E., Pasquetto, I. V., Golshan, M. S., Wallis, J. C., & Traweek, S. (2015). Knowledge infrastructures in science: data, diversity, and digital libraries. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 16(3-4), 207–227. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-015-0157-z

National governments must commit to supporting science and development locally

PLOS Biology | DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002204 July 23, 2015

If effective steps to secure the permanence of e-infrastructures are not taken soon, we will risk having biological data, which are currently organized and made available globally, once again inaccessible. In the case of Brazil, speciesLink is in immediate peril of disappearing. Brazil is one of the most diverse countries in the planet [18], holding ~19% of all existing plant species [19]; thus, speciesLink is not only of interest to Brazilian people and government anymore but has acquired importance in the global scenario as well. Not only will the hundreds of thousands of users of this system miss this crucial research and policy infrastructure, but the social scientific network linked to the e-infrastructure may lose strength.

Centre

Open Science

What kind of Knowledge Infrastructures do we need to support truly universal Open Science?

Periphery

Periphery

Global Knowledge Commons

Walled Garden

OpenScience

Doing Science Openly& Collaboratively

Open Data

Open Access

Overarching Framework: Governance and Sustainability ?

Practice Principles Policy

Knowledge as a Public Good

Knowing Differently

Inclusion

Innovation

Funding

Infrastructure

Intellectual Property

Incentive

Rights to Researchfor Social Justice

Thank you!

Chan@utsc.utoronto.ca@lesliekwchanhttp://www.ocsdnet.org