STRENGTHENING SOFT SKILLS OF ILKKM STUDENTS - …latihan.moh.gov.my/uploads/STRENGTHENINGTHEILKKMSTUDENTSSOFTSKILLS.pdf · STRENGTHENING SOFT SKILLS OF ILKKM STUDENTS NAIEN@CRISPINA
Post on 18-Jul-2019
216 Views
Preview:
Transcript
STRENGTHENING SOFT
SKILLS OF ILKKM
STUDENTS
NAIEN@CRISPINA BINTI LOJIWIN
KSKB JOHOR BARU
2015
4/23/2015 1cnlkskb
NATIONAL VISION
A HIGH INCOME, INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE NATION
4/23/2015 2cnlkskb
GOALPUBLIC SERVICE TRANSFORMATION
A HIGH PERFORMING, TRUSWORTHY, DYNAMIC AND CITIZEN-CENTRE PUBLIC
SERVICE
SOURCE: PUBLIC SERVICE TRANSFORMATION FRAMEWORK, April 2014
4/23/2015 3cnlkskb
Message from the Minister of Health Malaysia, September 2014
YB Menteri Kesihatan dalam teks ucapan beliau menyatakan
bahawa kecemerlangan seseorang graduan tidak hanya diukur
berdasarkan skor CGPA semata-mata. Sebaliknya juga, diukur dan
dilihat pada sumbangan yang boleh diberikan oleh mereka sebagai
modal insan kepada negara. Kemahiran insaniah perlu dipelajari,
difahami seterusnya dihayati sebagai nilai-nilai utama kehidupan
selaras dengan Budaya Korporat Kementerian iaitu Penyayang,
Kerja Berpasukan dan Profesionalisme.
4/23/2015 4cnlkskb
Contents of the presentation• Soft skills; what it is and why its
matters and worth investing?
• Approaches to teaching and learning of soft skills
• Models of implementing soft skills in higher education in Malaysia
• Challenges in integrating soft skills into the teaching learning activities
• Suggestions for implementation in ILKKM
4/23/2015 6cnlkskb
SKILLS
- from Novice to Expert
- knowledge, education, work experiences shaped performances to the level of expertise ( skills and intuitions)
( Benner, 1982)
4/23/2015 7cnlkskb
SKILLS?
Two types of skills
• hard skills
- technical expertise and knowledge needed for a job, that is easy to observe, quantify and measure.
4/23/2015 8cnlkskb
Cont…
Soft skills
- interpersonal qualities, people skills, personal attributes that one possess
( Robles, 2012, Shakir,2009)
4/23/2015 9cnlkskb
Soft skills
People (Interpersonal)
skills
Personal (career) attributes
SOFT SKILLS
4/23/2015 10cnlkskb
PEOPLE SKILLS
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
TEAMWORK SKILLS
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS SKILLS
LEADERSHIPS SKILLS
SKILLS IN DEALING :
- Difficult personalities
- Unexpected situation4/23/2015 11cnlkskb
PERSONAL (CAREER) ATTRIBUTES
• PERSONALITY
- Character traits that decide how well you
interact with others
• SELF MANAGEMENT SKILLS
- How you perceive yourself and others, managing emotions and respond appropriately to adverse situation
4/23/2015 12cnlkskb
Soft skills at workplace• Robles (2012) identified 10
soft skills attributes as perceived by executives necessary in a workplace:
4/23/2015 13cnlkskb
Soft skills at workplace
Communication Positive Attitude
Integrity Professionalism,
Courtesy Responsibility,
Interpersonal Skills Teamwork
Flexibility Work ethics
4/23/2015 14cnlkskb
Cont….
• All 57 (100%) of the executives indicated that integrity and communication were very important or extremely important.
Robles (2012)
4/23/2015 15cnlkskb
Cont…
• (84.2%) indicated that courtesy was an extremely important skill, and
• (71.9% and 61.4%, reported that responsibility and interpersonal skills were extremely important.
Robles (2012)
4/23/2015 16cnlkskb
7 traits of soft skills
• Ministry of Higher Education
Malaysia (2006) has
introduced seven traits of soft
skills to be embedded into the curriculum
4/23/2015 17cnlkskb
7 traits of soft skills
Communication skillsCritical and problem solving skillsTeam workLife learning and information
management skills Entrepreneurship skill Ethics and professional moral Leadership skills
(Shakir, 2009)
4/23/2015 18cnlkskb
SOFT SKILLS
• have more to do with who we are ?
• how well we interact and work with others?
Robles (2012)
4/23/2015 19cnlkskb
MOH CORPORATE
CULTURE
Caring
Professionalism
Teamwork
4/23/2015 20cnlkskb
Why soft skills matters and worth investing?
are transferable into any career
Complement the technical expertise for a competitive advantage
foundation of good customer service
critical to professional success
they do not become outdated
keep you on the job
4/23/2015 21cnlkskb
Cont…
A Study on the role of soft skills that executive frequently use at work;
the results shows that soft skills such as self management skills and interpersonal skills enhanced executive work performances and human relationships at work.
(Parakandi & Asokan,2011)
4/23/2015 22cnlkskb
Cont…
One study found that 75% of long term job success depends on people skills, while 25% are dependent on the technical knowledge,
(Klaus,2010 in Robles,2012)
4/23/2015 23cnlkskb
Cont..
• Another study reported that hard skills contributed only 15% to one success while 85% of the success is due to soft skills
( Watts & Watts, 2008 )
4/23/2015 24cnlkskb
Approaches to teaching and learning of soft skills
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 25
Approaches to teaching and learning of soft skills
• The infusion and acquisition of soft skills rests entirely on effective teaching and learning activities in an activating learning environment and beyond the mere conventional environment
(Vaatstra and De Vries, 2007; Wilson, Ariffian and Abu Zarin,
2012)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 26
Cont…• Pachauri & Yadav (2014) suggested several
student centered teaching and learning approaches in teaching of soft skills;
- Problem based learning,
- cooperative learning,
- e-learning,
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 27
Cont….
• Approaches need to be more student-centred where students are asked to participate enthusiastically in the process of learning through problem-based learning, case studies, team-work and presentation, while the instructor performs the role of facilitator
(Shakir, 2009)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 28
cont…
• Study’s findings demonstrate that PBL brings positive impact in enhancing soft skills particularly students’ motivation, communication skills, self-learning, collaboration and independent learning
• Students were able to solve the problems presented and found to have positive perceptions towards the implementation of PBL in their learning process.
(Surif, Ibrahim and Mokhtar 2013)4/23/2015 cnlkskb 29
Cont….
• Cooperative Learning Approach used as instructional classroom strategy in tertiary
education shows improvement in student’s soft skills
(Mohd Nizah, Mat Rahim & Adibah Sulaiman 2011)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 30
Cont…
• The contextual learning : good way of acquiring soft skills.
– long term apprenticeship, sports, voluntary works and projects, art and design projects, long-term workshops and classes, international and domestic travel
Melih Arat(2014)4/23/2015 cnlkskb 31
Cont….
• EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING OF SOFT SKILLS
– Interactive Teaching
– On The Job Training; Internships That Achieve optimal Authenticity
– Classroom Simulation
ODEP POLICY (2010)
– Service Learning
(Pinnell & Leon Chuck 2014)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 32
Cont…..Self-Driven Co-Curricular Activities: A Subtle Way to
enhance Students’ Soft Skills. Learning Contract was used to implement the co-curriculum activities to meet student learning outcome which are soft skills
(Selamat, et al.,2013)
• Learning contract approach was effective in developing quality soft skills among university students
(Che-Ani et al.,2014)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 33
Cont…
Ways to acquire soft skills
• Formal training on soft skills
• Long term practice through self training
• Socializing consciously with a purpose
• Role Modeling soft skills by teachers through the process of teaching learning
(Schulz, 2008)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 34
Models of implementing soft skills in
higher education in Malaysia
model 1
model2
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 35
1. Development of soft skill based on formal teaching and learning
Stand alone subject model
- Specific courses for developing soft skills
e.g English language, Islamic civilization and Entrepreneurship
Elective courses such as public speaking ,critical thinking etc.
(Shakir, 2009; Tang 2011)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 36
CONT..
Embedded modelEmbedding the soft skills in teaching learning activities across the curriculum/ interweaving the soft skills with the current course content
Elements of soft skills are spell out in the learning outcome
COMBINATION OF THE TWO MODELS
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 37
2. Development of soft skill based on support program
• Activities which are non academic in nature but indirectly support the students in developing their personalities and character
– Academic support program
– Non academic program such as Co-curricular activities and extra curricular activities
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 38
Cont……
Cont…
3. Development of soft skill based on campus life
• Informal activities such as debates, drama competition, charity bazaar, sport carnivals which help increase social interactions, improve team work capabilities, nurtured leaderships skills and entrepreneurships.
• Residential living
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 39
4. Development of soft skill based on formal and informal activities at faculty level
• Formal activities such as organizing seminars, workshops and conferences
• Informal activities such as social activities over the weekends such as visiting sheltered homes, community service, games between departments
4/23/2015 40cnlkskb
“Soft” finishing school
• Student who has been identified as lack of soft skill are required to register for a soft finishing school at the end of the semester
• Courses are conducted by profesional trainers to unlock the students capabilities and increase self confidence
Practical/industrial training
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 41
Soft skills: must have and nice to have
Must have soft skills are skills that every individual student must acquire and without it is regarded as incompetent in that particular skill
Nice to have soft skills are additional generic skills and a bonus to the students if these skills are acquired by the students together with the must have soft skills
(Tang,2011; Pachauri and yadav 2014)
4/23/2015 42cnlkskb
EVALUATION• Evaluation on the activity/project is based on
the learning outcomes’ rubrics that have been specified. ( 1-3 -weak, 4-7 - satisfactory and 8-10 - good) Students can improve their achievements and performance on the learning outcomes through some other activity/project.
(Selamat, et al.,2013)
4/23/2015 44cnlkskb
Cont..
• Direct assessments – projects, products, papers/theses, exhibitions, performances, case studies, clinical evaluations, portfolios, interviews, and oral exams – which ask students to demonstrate what they know or can do with their knowledge.
• Indirect assessments – self-report measures such as surveys – in which respondents share their perceptions about what graduates know or can do with their knowledge.
A. T. Onabamiro 2014
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 45
Cont…
• Evaluation on the observable behaviour
• By the lecturer
– Using a standard instrument
• Self evaluation by the students
– Continuous reflection by the students
(Ilanko, 2013)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 46
Present Curriculum
• Stand alone subjects
– Behavioural sciences modules ;communications, human and public relations, caring, moral and cultural values, personality, self awareness,
– Management modules; teamwork, problem solving, leaderships, decision making, work ethics
– Professional dev.modules; Professionalism Critical thinking skills, reflective practice, continuing education, accountability, motivation
4/23/2015 47cnlkskb
Cont…
• Embedded model
Most of the subject modules are embedded with soft skills but not spell out well
• Co-curriculum activities – 4 gerak kerja
• Club activities
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 48
Challenges in integrating soft skills into the teaching
learning activities
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 49
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 50
1. Non core subject, students tend to pay less attention when attending the course. Suggestion was to use embedded model as a better solution
2. Support program and non compulsory in nature,It has attracted the already active
students and the less interactive student will prefer to be an on-lookers thus only enriching the already active students
(Shakir, 2009)
Readiness of the teacher
• Effectiveness of the integration of soft skill are highly dependent of the knowledge, skills and competence of the teacher
• Study showed Teacher of malay language have the knowledge and aware of the importance of soft skills but they do not have the practice of integrating the soft skills
(Ilanko, 2013)4/23/2015 cnlkskb 51
Cont…
• Lecturers are ready and confident to develop soft skills among trainee teachers but they need the support in term of knowledge of soft skills competency and teaching learning approaches.
• Lecturers still do not understand soft skills, the method of embedding soft skills in the core courses and the efficacy indicators of soft skills
(Hassan et al., 2014)4/23/2015 cnlkskb 52
• Study …
• Soft skills formation featured prominently in the students’ educational agendas. However, while some skills were mentioned often by the respondents, others were omitted.
• This may indicate that while the students were familiar with the soft skills discourse they may had been unaware of the whole wide range of soft skills to be acquired in university.
( Nikitina and Furuoka , 2011)4/23/2015 cnlkskb 53
Cont..• Study …
• The perceived low and selective appreciation of skills by the students implies that graduates are still ill equipped with the necessary competencies,
• need to readdress the existing strategies to ensure a better integration of soft skills
(Devadason et al.,2010)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 54
• Soft skills are developed over time, and are closely associated with personalities and behaviours. These behavioural patterns have become incorporated into the cerebral cortex as the actions have been repeated,
• which means altering them – whether strengthening or changing them – is not an easy process.
4/23/2015 55cnlkskb
• ‘The path of least resistance and least trouble is a mental rut already made. It requires troublesome work to undertake the alteration of old beliefs.’
(John Dewey, How We Think (1933)
4/23/2015 cnlkskb 56
• More generally, for all soft skills, work experience or on the job practice is one of the best ways of developing your soft skills.
• Remember, that the key to permanently changing and improving your soft skills is to ensure you practice the new behaviour consistently.
4/23/2015 57cnlkskb
• ‘Were all instructors to realize that the quality of the mental process, not the production of correct answers, is the measure of educative growth, something hardly less than a revolution in teaching would be worked.’
(John Dewey, Democracy and Education (1916)
4/23/2015 58cnlkskb
Suggestion for Implementation Of Soft Skill In ILKKM
• Revisit the curriculum
– Structure (strategies),
– contents (must have and the nice to have),
– models of implementing the soft skills ( stand alone subject model or embedded)
– approaches to teaching learning ( student centered approaches)
– Assesment (structure continuous assessment)
4/23/2015 59cnlkskb
Cont…
• Preparation for the lecturers
– Soft skills knowledge and practice
– Student centered learning (teaching-learning activities)
– Soft skills assessment
– Reflective practice
4/23/2015 60cnlkskb
Cont…
• Structured support program
- Co-curriculum activities, social club activities
- Involvement of all students
- structured evaluation
- Structured Activities or courses for student who has not developed the expected soft skills
4/23/2015 61cnlkskb
• ‘Education in our times must try to find whatever there is in students that might yearn for completion, and to reconstruct the learning that would enable them autonomously to seek that completion.’
Allan Bloom (1930-1992)
4/23/2015 62cnlkskb
top related