STEMS/ROOTS, DEFINITIONS, AND ASSOCIATION WORDS Vocabulary Unit 15.
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STEMS/ROOTS, DEFINIT IONS, AND ASSOCIAT ION WORDS
Vocabulary Unit 15
Phos (light)
Phosphorus: a nonmetalic element of the nitrogne family that produces light Phosphorous is known to be a light-producing
element.
Gon (angle)
Pentagon: a polygon having 5 angles and 5 sides The Pentagon, located in Washington, D.C., has very
unique architecture.
Lite (mineral)
Perlite: a volcanic glass Melissa brought me a perlite ornament from her trip
to Mount Saint Helen’s.
Vor (eat)
Voracious: craving or consuming large quantities of food Margie’s voracious reading caused her to make many
trips to the library.
Holo (whole) Caust (burn)
Holocaust: a great or complete devastation or destruction; the systematic mass slaughter of European Jews in Nazi concentration camps during World War II During the Holocaust, many Jewish bodies were
burned in crematories.
Haplo (single)
Haploid: single; simple; pertaining to a single set of chromosomes Kristen’s biology teacher taught her that haploids only
have one set of chromosomes.
Ef (out) Ent (full of)
Effluent: flowing out or forth The wastewater plant malfunctioned, thus allowing the
effluent to flow into a stream.
Rub (red) Ium (Element)
Rubidium: a silver-white, metallic, active element used in photoelectric cells If you place rubidium over an open flame, the flame
will turn red.
Dicho (in two parts) tomy (cut)
Dichotomy: division into two parts; diversion into two mutually exclusive, opposed, or contradictory groups The teacher said that Ben exhibits a dichotomy
between what he tells his mother and his efforts in school, meaning that he says one thing but does another.
Saur (lizard)
Dinosaur: any chiefly terrestrial, herbivorous or carnivorous reptile from the Mesozoic Era, some of which are the largest known land animals. When Johnny was a little boy, he loved dinosaurs, and
how he owns seven lizards.
Calli (beauty) graph (writing)
Calligraphy: fancy penmanship, especially highly decorative handwriting with many flourishes Most wedding invitations are written in calligraphy.
Macro (large) cephalo (head)
Macrocephalic: being or having a large head. My friend jokes that her son is macrocephalic.
Chiro (hand)
Chiromancy: the art or practice of telling fortunes and interpreting character from the lines and configurations of the palm of a person’s hand I always wanted to have my fortune told, so I finally
visited a chiromancy shop.
Terr (land)
Territorial: of or pertaining to territory or land; restricted to a particular district or land; defending an area against intruders Colonizers were often very territorial people, which
led them to acquiring lots of land.
Jur (Swear)
Jurisdiction: the right, power, or authority to administer justice by hearing and determining controversies; power, authority, or control; the extent or range of judicial law enforcement or other authority; territory over which authority is exercised The police officer was sworn in and agreed to protect
the people in his jurisdiction.
Flu (flow)
Fluency: spoken or written with ease Mr. French, the French teacher, asked his students to
work on their fluency by practicing outside of class.
Sine (without)
Sinecure: an office or position requiring little or no work, especially one yielding profitable returns Many students wish to find a sinecure position in
order to study at work.
Here (stick)
Incoherent: without logical or meaningful connection; disjointed; rambling Jamie’s mother argues that Jamie’s arguments are
incoherent and should be better organized.
Counter (against) pos (put)
Counterpose: to offer or place in opposition, response, or contrast Political debates often depend on each opponent’s
ability to counterpose the other’s opinions.
Mund (world)
Mundane: common, ordinary, banal, or unimaginative The football team thought that last year’s plays were
too mundane, making it easy for other teams to figure them out quickly.
cracy (government)
Democracy: government by the people; a form of government which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system Although the USA is a democracy, it has many
characteristics of a republic.
Assignment
Choose five association words and complete the following activity – it is due on Friday, when you take your test: Sentences: You will write five sentences each using one
association word and both of the following: the grammar concept a topic from any piece of literature we have studied
*In the end, your sentences will contain vocabulary, grammar, and literature.Example (my vocab term is “retribution”): In the play Medea, Medea gains retribution for Jason’s betrayal by killing their children.
*All work must be neat and the association words must be used correctly!
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