Transcript
MEDICAL MATH
SR DHO 19:8J.J. Nelson RN
•Objectives
Interpret roman numerals
Calculate Dosage/kg
Convert Household measurements
OBJ. 1
Calculate military time (24 hour clock)OBJ. 2
OBJ 5
OBJ. 3
OBJ. 4
Convert Metric measurements
•ROMAN NUMERALS
Used when writing prescriptions and used on drug orders
ASSIGNMENT: WB Page 401
•MILITARY TIME
Uses a 24 hour clock. Remember to record without colons.
EXAMPLE: 2:15 in the afternoon is recorded as 1415
Play the game: http://www.oswego.org/ocsd-web/games/StopTheClock/sthecR.html
•Military Clock
•METRIC SYSTEM
The Basics:The Metric System Basic units of measure:
• meter = Linear• liter = volume • gram = weight (mass)
Each unit is subdivided in units of 10 by moving the decimal point.
• Metric system is based on the power of ten
KILO – 1,000 times greater than base unitHecto – is 100 times greater than base unitDeka – is 10 times greater than base unitBASE UNIT - is the gram, liter or meterDeci – a 10th of the base unitCenti – is a hundredth of base unitMILLI – 1,000 thsof thebase unitMICRO – 1,000,000th of base unit
SO…………… 1 kg = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg,1 kg = 1,000,000 mcg
SO…..If the base unitis a meter…..use thisMnemonic device.
ASSIGNMENT: WB Page 402-403
•Pounds to Kilograms
All weights will be in kg. To convert a patients weight from pounds to kilograms divide the pounds by 2.2 = kg
Example: Pt wt is 220 pounds ÷ 2.2 =100 kg
16 oz = 1 lb1 kg = 2.2 lbs
•Here is why you need to know:
1. Infant is 26 weeks
3. How much gentamicin will you give?
2. Infant weight is 2 lbs 8 oz
CALCUATION:2.2mg/kg Q24H2.5 pounds ÷ 2.2 =1.14 kg1.14 kg x 2.5 mg = 2.85 mg Q24H
Another reason you need to know:
Dr. Smith orders you to give your 198 pound patient dopamine at a dose of 5 mcg/kg. Since we know that it is a “weight based” drug, we first need to figure out the weight in kg.
CALCUATE: 198 pounds ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg.The drug dosage is 5 mcg/kg.This means that for every one kg of patient body weight, we will give 5 mcg of drug.Therefore 90 x 5 mcg = 450 mcg. The desired dose then is finalized at 450 mcg.
•Remember these equivalents.
Weight:60 mg = 1 gr60 gr = 1 dram8 drams = 1 ounce
Volume15 gtts = 1 mL 5 mL = 1 tsp4 mL = 1 dram30 mL = 1 ounce500 mL = 1 pint1000 mL = 1 quart
ASSIGNMENT: WB Page 404-405
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