Speaking Workshop - English Speaking Course Lucknow (CDI) –
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8/8/2019 Speaking Workshop - English Speaking Course Lucknow (CDI) – www.cdilucknow.blogspot.com
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Teaching Oral Communication
Rhodalyne Gallo-Crailrgallocrail@niu.edu
COTSEAL Workshop
University of California, LA, CA
Speaking
Listening
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Presentation Outline
Issues in Teaching Oral Communication
Listening Approaches
Speaking Approaches
Principles in Designing Listening and Speaking
Strategies and Activities
Assessment
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Issues in Teaching Oral
Communication
The Place of Pronunciation
Accuracy and Fluency Affective Factors
The Interaction Effect
The Role of Listening
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Approaches that Promote
Listening Total Physical Response (TPR) worked by James Asher
(1977) which gives emphasis to comprehension where
students were given ample amount of language to listen before they were encourage to respond orally.
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The Natural Approach also recommended a significant
silent period
Stephen Krashen (1982) emphasized the importance of ³comprehensible input´.
Other studies also showed the importance of training
students to use different cognitive strategies to process the
input. These strategies may include the following: ± Retention
± Feedback
± Interaction
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Principles for Designing Listening and
Speaking Techniques(Brown, 1994)
Techniques should cover the spectrum of learner needs from language based focus on
accuracy to message-based focus on
interaction, meaning and fluency
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Techniques should be intrinsically
motivating
Techniques should utilize authentic
language and contexts
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Provide appropriate feedback and correction
Capitalize on the natural link between
speaking and listening
Give students opportunities to initiate oral
communication
Encourage the development of listening and
speaking strategies
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Listening Strategies Looking for key words
looking for nonverbal cues to meaning
predicting a speaker¶s purpose by the
context of the spoken discourse
associating information with one¶s existing
cognitive
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TYPES of Classroom Listening
Performance
Reactive
Intensive
Responsive Selective
Extensive
Interactive
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Speaking Strategies
Asking for clarification
Asking someone to repeat something Using fillers and conversation maintenance
cues
Getting someone¶s attention
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Using paraphrases for structures one can¶t
produce
Appealing for assistance
Using formulaic expressions
Using mime and one-verbal expression
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TYPES OF SPOKEN
LANGUAGE (Nunan, 1991)
Monologue (planned and unplanned)
± storytelling
± news broadcast
± readings (short stories, poems, etc.)
Dialogue (Interpersonal and Transactional)
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Types of Dialogues Scripted Dialogue
Semi-Scripted
Using Picture Cues to present scenario for
dialog
Discourse Chain
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Semi-Scripted Dialogue
ALING TOYANG: Hoy, Mila _______? Matagal natayong hindi nagkita.
MILA: Oo nga, lumipat na kasi kami ng ______.
ALING TOYANG: Saan?
MILA: Doon sa ___________. ALING TOYANG: Talaga, may ______ ako sa San Juan.
Ibigay mo sa akin ang _____ mo para pagpunta ko,
mabisita na rin kita.
MILA: O¶ Sige, doon ako sa _______. Malapit sa
munisipyo at istasyon ng ______.
ALING TOYANG: Parang hindi naman mahirap hanapin
ang ______. Magtatanong na lang ako.
MILA: Aasahan ko ang _________ mo.
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Discourse Chain
send your son to the
store
Tell mother you will go buy
what she needs
Greet the store keeper. Tell
her/him what you want to
buy, ask how much.
Pay her and say goodbye.
Store Keeper
Tell what you have
and how much
MotherSon
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Techniques for Teaching Oral
Communications Pronunciation
± Stress, Intonation, Pitch,
Grammar
Discourse (Speaking and Listening)
Interactive Techniques
± Interviews, Guessing Games, Discussions, Roleplay,
Simulations, Problem Solving Activities
Individual Practice (Oral Dialogue Journal)
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ASSESSMENT
Activity-Based
Oral Interviews Recorded journals
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