Transcript
Air Barrier Paper
• Impermeable to airflow•Continuous over the entire building enclosure or continuous over the
enclosure of any given unit• Able to withstand the forces that may act on them during and after
construction• Durable over the expected lifetime of the building
Attic Ventilation
• Attic Ventilation is necessary to keep moisture out of the attic space.
• Soffit Vent
Attic Ventilation
Ridge Vent
Attic Ventilation
Gable Vent
Attic Ventilation
Roof Turbine
Backhoe
A backhoe is used for a variety of tasks such as: digging, breaking asphalt, paving roads, and landscaping. In this picture the backhoe bucket is 30”.
Batter Boards
• Horizontal boards attached level to stakes, used to mark out the boundary of a construction and establish the levels and building line
Brick Arches
• Bonded Arch
Brick Arches
• Jack Arch
Brick Arches Cont.
• Arch with a keystone • Centering: The use of wood to support arches being built.
Brick Bonds
• Flemish Bond: stretcher, header, stretcher, header all on the same course.
• Common Bond: a header course every sixth course.
Brick Bonds Cont.
Soldier
Brick Bonds Cont.
• Stretcher Rowlock
Brick Sizes
Roman Brick3 ½ ” x 11 ½ ” x 1 5/8”
Standard Brick3 ½ ” x 7 ½ ” x 2 ¼”
Bulldozer
• Used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc.
Cladding
Brick EIFS
Cladding
Stone Siding(Random Rubble)
Cladding
Wood Boards
Cladding
Wood Shakes
• Wood Shakes: split wood.
• Wood Shingles: sawn wood.
Code Requirements
Measurements -Height: 58”Width: 32”Height above floor: 38”
Egress Requirements-Minimum width of opening: 20 in. Minimum height of opening: 24 in. Minimum net clear opening: 5.7 sq. ft. (5.0 sq. ft. for ground floor). Maximum sill height above floor: 44 in.
Code Requirements
Stair Measurements-
Riser Height: 7”
Tread Depth: 10”
• IBC Requirements-• Stair riser heights shall be 7 inches
maximum and 4 inches minimum• Minimum tread depth of 9 inches.
Concrete Joints
• Control Joint: A groove which is formed, sawed, or tooled in a concrete or masonry structure to regulate the location and amount of cracking and separation.
Concrete Masonry Unit
• CMU: A large rectangular brick used in construction.
• The most common is 8 in × 8 in × 16 in, the actual size is usually about 3/8 in smaller to allow for mortar joints.
Doors
Flush Door
Doors Cont.
Panel Door
Electrical Components
• Power Pole with Transformer: used to support overhead power lines and various other public utilities, such as cable, and fiber optic cable. The transformer changes the final voltage of the power that will be distributed to the houses.
Electrical Components Cont.
• Service Meter: is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business , or an electrically-powered device.
Electrical Components Cont.
• Service Panel: is a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits
Electrical Components Cont.
• Duplex Receptacle: Connectors used for main electricity. Also known as a power outlet.
Electrical Components Cont.
• Service Head: is a weatherproof entry point for above-ground electrical wiring
Framing Elements
1. Anchor Bolt 2. Sill Plate
Framing Elements
3. Floor Joist
Framing Elements
4. Subflooring
Framing Elements
5. Sole Plate6. Stud7. Top Plate
Framing Elements
8. Stringer
Framing Elements
9. Ceiling Joist
Framing Elements
10. Rafter11. Roof Decking
Framing Elements
12. Sheathing
Front End Loader
• Front End Loader: used to pick up/load material such as asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood chips, etc. A front end loader differs from a backhoe or bulldozer because it actually picks up loads of material where as a backhoe is more for digging and a bulldozer just pushed materials.
Gypsum Board
• The common method of constructing interior walls and ceilings using panels made of gypsum plaster pressed between two thick sheets of paper
Heat Pump
• Air Handling Unit: is a device used to condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning
• Advantage - Heat pumps are one of the most efficient systems you can buy to heat your home. This means saving energy and paying lower bills
• Disadvantages - If you live in an area that is frequently below freezing in winter, a back up system may be required to provide enough heat for the entire home.
Heat Pump
• Compressor/Evaporator - The electric motor or other prime mover puts energy into the air stream through the compression process.
Insulation
• Batt/Blanket - and is used to insulate below floors, above ceilings, and within walls. Generally, batt insulation is the least expensive wall insulation material but requires careful installation for effective performance.
Insulation
• Rigid Board - can be used to insulate almost any part of your home, from the roof down to the foundation. They provide good thermal resistance and often add structural strength to your home.
Insulation
• Foam - Can fill wall cavities in finished walls without tearing the walls apart. Foam insulation is fire safe and provides acoustical insulation.
Insulation
• Loose Fill - conform to spaces and fill in the nooks and crannies
Lintel
• Lintel – a horizontal block that spans the space between two supports
Mortar
• Flush Joint• Troweled• ¼” Thick
• Used on Dormitories• Portland cement mortar
Mortar
• Concave Joint• Troweled• ¼” Thick
• J & M Bookstore• Portland cement mortar
Oriented Strand Board
• OSB is a solid panel product of consistent quality with no laps, gaps or voids. It is manufactured from waterproof heat-cured adhesives and rectangular shaped wood strands that are arranged in cross-oriented layers, similar to plywood.
Plumbing
• Lavatory • 1 ½” drain piping
Plumbing
• Water Closet• 1 ½” drain piping
Plumbing
Plumbing
• Plumbing Vent - is a system that removes sewage and greywater from a building and vents the gases produced by said waste.
Plumbing
• Drop In Sink
Plywood
• Plywood is a manufactured wood, made by gluing together a number of thin veneers or plies of softwood or hardwood.
Radiant Barrier
• Radiant barriers are installed in home to reduce summer heat gain and winter heat loss, which helps lower heating and cooling costs.
Rebar
• ½” #4 bar
Steep Roof Drainage
• Splash Block - A pad placed under the lower end of a downspout and diverts the water from the downspout away from the house. Usually made out of concrete or fiberglass.
Steep Roof Drainage
• Gutter - channel along the eaves or on the roof; collects and carries away rainwater
Steep Roof Drainage
• Downspout - a vertical pipe for carrying rainwater from a rain gutter to ground level.
Steep Roof Materials
• Underlayment - used beneath roofing to provide additional protection for the deck.
Steep Roof Materials
• Clay Tile Shingles
Steep Roof Materials
• Clay Shingles• Shingle - A small, thin piece of building material, often with one end thicker
than the other, for laying in overlapping rows as a covering for the roof or sides of a building
Steep Roof Materials
• Metal Panel Roof • Materials typically used: Corrugated galvanized steel,
Aluminum, or Copper
Steep Roof Shapes
• Gambrel Roof
Steep Roof Shapes
• Mansard
Steep Roof Shapes
• Gabel Roof
Steep Roof Shapes
• Hip Roof
Steep Roof Terms
• Ridge - horizontal line formed at the junction of the top edges of a roof's surfaces.
Steep Roof Terms
• Rake - The overhang of an inclined roof plane beyond the vertical wall below it.
Steep Roof Terms
• Valley - The junction where two roof surfaces at different orientations or pitches meet.
• Eave - An eave is the edge of a roof
Steep Roof Terms
• Soffit - the underside of the roof.
Steep Roof Terms
• No Fascia• Fascia - any horizontal
surface which spans across the top of columns or across the top of a wall.
Stone
• Random Rubble
Stone
• Random Ashlar
Stone
• Coursed Ashlar
Stone
• Coursed Rubble
Vapor Retarder
• A layer of material or a laminate used to appreciably reduce the flow of water vapor into a roof assembly. It is put on the back side of insulation.
Waterproofing
• Fully Adhered• Treatment of a surface or structure to prevent the
passage of water under hydrostatic pressure.
Weep Hole
• A small hole in a wall which permits water to drain off.
Welded Wire Fabric
• Welded wire fabric is a thin sheet of cross wiring used as support for concrete that has a 6” x 6” grid.
Windows
• This is an awning window because it swings out from the bottom.
Windows
• This is an outswinging casement window because it swings out side ways.
Windows
• These are all double hung windows because they have a separate top and bottom.