Sociology, Socialization and Personality
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7/30/2019 Sociology, Socialization and Personality
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SOCIOLOGY, SOCIALIZATION AND
PERSONALITY
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As members of society, we are always interacting with the world around
us. Throughout our lives we learn from others, developing as individuals
and as part of a group. Start thinking about your own social development.
How did you acquire the knowledge and the skills listed below? Were you
taught by one particular person or by several? Were you taught in aformal way, through lessons, or in a less structured manner? Record your
point-form answers in your notebook to the following questions below...
HOW TO TALK
HOW TO CO-OPERATE IN GAMES
KNOWLEDGE OF CURRENT AFFAIRS
HOW TO READ AND WRITE
TABLE MANNERS AND ETIQUETTEHOW TO EARN A LIVING
HOW TO ENJOY LEISURE TIME
HOW TO RELATE TO A FUTURE MATE
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SOCIOLOGY
The scientific study of people in groups therelationships and the social structures theydevelop.
Social psychology the study ofindividuals within their social and cultural
setting; examines how society influenceshuman mental processes and how itcontributes to the development of individualbehaviours & personalities.
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RESEARCH METHODS
Sociologists use statistical analysis to interprettheir data (surveys, census, questionnaires etc)
Websites like Stats Canada provide us with
statistics to analyze the changes necessary insociety.
Follow the Inquiry Model as well as, participant-observation, interviews, etc. to conduct
research. Demographics the study of human
populations; useful in determining the needsand/or trends of a particular segment of society.
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THEY CONSIDER QUESTIONS LIKE....
Who can provide the info? How many peopleinvolved?
What kind of info is needed? broad or detailedanswers
Are there relationships or variable that need tobe considered?
How much certainty or reliability is needed?(statistical or descriptive)
How much research time is needed?(Longitudinal study or one set of observations)
Is one case sufficient or is it better to sample a
variety of situations, ethnicities, etc?
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SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT...
1. Structural Functionalism:
2. Conflict Theory:
3. Feminist Theory:
4. Symbolic Interactionism:The Symbolic Interactionism Movie(3:45mins)
Structural Functionalism (10mins)
Conflict theory (4:30mins)
Introduction to Feminism (5:20mins)
This is what a Feminist looks like...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4Bn52yuKy4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XgPD8d3hT0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YA13GNT8Mchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YA13GNT8Mchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XgPD8d3hT0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4Bn52yuKy4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGY7/30/2019 Sociology, Socialization and Personality
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WHAT IS SOCIALIZATION?
We learn through social contact; it teaches ushow to think and act in certain ways
Nature vs. Nurture Debate how much of who
were are is genetic? And how much isenvironment? Twin studies
Harry Harlows Rhesus Monkeys
Abnormal Socialization: Isolated / Feral children
Child Abuse & violence
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PERSONALITY
A usual way of thinking, feeling and acting thatis unique to an individual;
Our socialization process contributes to our
personality (i.e. How we are influenced helpsdetermine who we become) Temperament
Learned behaviours
Culture and Geography Gender
Birth order
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The Positive...
The Negative...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ3d3KigPQMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzsLz7s9q40http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzsLz7s9q40http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ3d3KigPQM7/30/2019 Sociology, Socialization and Personality
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A SOCIAL GROUP IS TWO OR MORE WHO
HAVE THESE FOUR CHARACTERISTICS...
They interact regularly & influence each
other
They believe they have something in
common
They have an informal or formal social
structure with leaders & followers (roles,
status & hierarchy)
They have group consensus on certain
values, behaviours and goals.
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TYPES OF GROUPS...
Primary group: a small, emotionally close,
interdependent group who know each other
well (e.g. Family and close friends)
Secondary group: a larger, more
impersonal group with similar interests,
goals, limited in formation (e.g. Co-workers,band members, etc)
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ROLES WE PLAY...
We all play certain rolesin society thisis referred to as status
STATUSis the term used to describe our
position within an institution
E.g. There are many roles at Nelson ranging
from teacher, vice-principal, guidancecounsellor, custodian, student,superintendent, principal Can you putthem in order in terms of hierarchy?
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HIERARCHY
Hierarchy is the ranking system used in anyparticular environment based on authority orpower.
Each position or role requires a certain type ofexpertise which is valued by society
In order to distinguish between these rolespeople are expected to dress & act in a certain
way On any given day, we can play many different
roles : A parent can drive their kids to school,go to work, and then coach a soccer team.
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RULES, NORMS AND VALUES
Values society carries with it a system of
values. A particular set of values are
assigned to each role. The practitioners of
these roles are expected to accept andinternalize these values.
Norms these are rules set out for a
particular role that are considered standardbehaviours (Catholic Priests are expected to
be celibate).
Rules these are developed by cultures
based on their system of values.
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DEVIANCE
Any behaviour that is different from the societal
norm. It is deviant because we, as a society do not
accept it. Deviance can range from simple
eccentricities to behaviour that harms society or is
considered disreputable.
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THE ASCH EXPERIMENT IN GROUPCONFORMITY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TYIh4MkcfJA
Revealed the power of groups to shape
thinking
Conformity: changing opinions or
behaviours to match those of anotherperson or group
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJA7/30/2019 Sociology, Socialization and Personality
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BREACHING EXPERIMENTS
Breaking the Social Norms...
...purposefully breaking the unwritten rules ornorms of a group in order to understand howpeople make sense of their society & learn
about the world around them.
E.g. Walking backward up a flight of stairs in apublic space or standing to eat a meal at a
restaurant.
Stanley Milgrams Subway Experiments...
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KEY TERMS:
Psycholog ica l A ccu l turat ion:change in thecultural behaviour & thinking of a person orgroup of people through contact with anotherculture.
Obedience:the act or habit of doing what oneis told, usually by someone in authority.
Chameleon Effect:the mimicking of the bodylanguage of a person with whom we are
interacting. GroupThink:the effects of collective pressure
on the decision-making abilities of individualmembers of a group, which may lead to
conformity
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EIGHT SYMPTOMS OF GROUPTHINK:
1. Illusion of invulnerability encourages
taking risks
2. Collective efforts to rationalize decisions
3. Belief in the groups inherent morality
ignoring the ethical or moral consequences
4. Stereotyped views of enemy leaders
5. Direct pressure on members who express
opposing viewpoints
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CONTINUED
6. Self-censorship of deviations from the
apparent group consensus
7. A shared illusion of unanimity
8. The emergence of self-appointed
mindguards members who protect the
group from adverse & contradicting
information
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Bystander Effect a concept used to explainwhy the larger the number of people in a group,the less likely it is that individuals will react.
Example:
On Christmas Day 2010, a U.K. womanannounced on FB that she had taken many pills
and would soon be dead. Some of her 1082friends comment on her status, yet none called
for help or went to check on her. Her lifelessbody was discovered the next day
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OPTIONAL...
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