SNOLAB TRIUMF 5YP August 3, 2007 Outline Science Experiments Status TRIUMF/SNOLAB relationship Detailed list of collaborative efforts.

SNOLAB

TRIUMF 5YP

August 3, 2007

Outline

• Science

• Experiments

• Status

• TRIUMF/SNOLAB relationship

• Detailed list of collaborative efforts

Canadian astroparticle physicists are positioned very well.• Canada has SNOLAB- the best (deepest, cleanest)

underground lab in the world• Underground measurements of rare processes are

required – To understand fundamental properties of the universe: dark

matter, neutrino character, neutrino mass, neutrino oscillations, higher unification, matter-antimatter asymmetry

– To further our understanding of physical processes: supernova, solar energy generation, neutrino propagation through the sun and heat generation in the earth.

• The scale and complexity of these experiments are appropriate for the resources available to Canadian physicists.

e-

e-

Z+2

Z+1

Z e

e

Decay

2.01.51.00.50.0Sum Energy for the Two Electrons (MeV) Endpoint

Energy

e-

e-

Z+2

Z+1

Z e

Requires Massive Majorana NeutrinoL=2

0 G0 M02m

2

0We learn M from nuclear physics

Two Neutrino Spectrum Zero Neutrino Spectrum1% resolution

(2 ) = 100 * (0 )

~ 1027 yrs

~ 1029 yrs

~ 1026 yrs

76Ge

Allowed Phase Space for a Majorana Neutrino Mass

~ 1028 yrs

~ 1025 yrsWe Are Here

Next Generation

Future, as necessary

Experimental Issues for double beta decay

Decrease and understand backgrounds to 1 event/region of interest/detector- running time

Need good energy resolution to separate zero-neutrino and 2-neutrino modes.

Increase mass to 1 tonne and ultimately 100 tonne.

Studies of the field (NUSAG in the US, for example) recommend a phased approach, in which mass increases as larger masses are ruled out and technology improves. There is no proven, scalable technology.

halo

bulge

disksun

…the Milky Way

Dark Matter

Erecoil < 100 keVR << 1 event/kg/day

Surfing Through the WIMP-WIND

230 km/s

2km overburden(6000mwe)Underground

Laboratory

SurfaceFacility

SNOLAB

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

• Phase I Excavation (Cube Hall, Ladder Labs) complete.• Phase I Outfitting of the new personnel facilities and

experimental spaces well under way and are expected to be completed early 2008.

• Phase II excavation of Cryopit is under way in parallel with Phase I outfitting. Announcement expected later this month. Excavation will take till March 2008 with completion of outfitting Fall 2008.

• SNOLAB Workshop VI August 22-24 in Sudbury.

SNOLAB Status

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

LADDERLABS

Siting Experiments at SNOLAB

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

Cube Hall: 1 of2008: DEAP/CLEAN2009: PICASSO-III2009: LUX

SNO Utility Rm:Now: PICASSO-IB (2kg)

SNO Cavern:2008: SNO+

SNO Control Rm:2007: DEAP-1

Ladder Labs: 2 of2009: PICASSO IIB2009: EXO-200-Gas2009: Majorana (TBD)2010: CDMS

Cryopit: 1 of2008: DEAP/CLEAN2009: LUX2015?: EXO2015?: 1T GERDA2015?: CLEAN-100T

• Ended data taking 28 Nov 2006• Most heavy water returned June 2007• Finish decommissioning end of 2007

SNO

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

SNO+ Science: One Slide

• double beta decay with Nd-loaded scintillator– statistical reach down to 30 meV with 500 kg 150Nd– statistical reach below 100 meV with 0.1% Nd (natural)

• exploit pep solar neutrinos for precision studies of neutrino-matter couplings– pep allows for it to be precision– SNOLAB depths allows for us (and only us) to do it well– MSW is the most sensitive probe of neutrino-matter couplings

(e.g. non-standard interactions) and could reveal new physics• geo-neutrinos: SNO+ would have 4 times better signal-to-

reactor background compared to KamLAND; SNO+ measurement would be the first to impact fundamental Earth sciences

• reactor neutrinos: demonstration that oscillation spectral dip moves as L/E; combined fit would improve knowledge of the 1-2 neutrino mixing parameters

• very good supernova neutrino capability

SNO+ AV Hold Down

ExistingAV SupportRopes

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

SNO+ AV Hold Down

AV Hold DownRopes

ExistingAV SupportRopes

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

M.G.Boulay and A.Hime, Astroparticle Physics 25, 179 (2006)DEAP - Dark matter Experiment with Argon and Pulse-shape-discrimination

Prompt/SingletLight ( ~ 6 ns)

Late/TripletLight ( ~ 1.6 s)

I1 / I3 ~ 0.3

I1 / I3 ~ 3.0

108 simulated e-’s

100 simulatedWIMPs

108 simulated e-’s

100 simulatedWIMPs

Concept Demonstrated Experimentally at LANLDEAP-0

IV’rth SNOLAB Workshop, August (2005)www.snolab2005.snolab.ca

DEAP/CLEAN

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

TRIUMF

• TRIUMF is Canada’s National Laboratory for Particle Physics, and maintains high capabilities in detector design, construction and the electronics/DAQ necessary to interface to detectors.

• SNOLAB will develop its own teams for the unique aspects of underground science: extreme limits on radioactivity and underground deployment

• Need to develop mechanisms for setting priorities and communicating between laboratories.

TRIUMF-SNOLAB collaboration

• Engineering (National lab culture)• Detector development• Cryogenic systems• Electronics• Data acquisition• Machining/fabrication

• All SNOLAB projects are looking for collaborators

Canadian Universities at SNOLAB

Queen’s: (Boulay, Chen, McDonald, Noble, Rau + new position)SNO, SNO+, DEAP/Clean, PICASSO, CDMS

Carleton: (Bellerive, Graham, Sinclair) SNO, EXO, DEAP/Clean

Laurentian: (Farine, Virtue, Wachowski)SNO, EXO, SNO+, HALO, PICASSO

Alberta:( Hallin, Krauss, new position)SNO, SNO+, DEAP/Clean, PICASSO

Montreal (Azeulos, Lassard, Leroy, Zacek)PICASSO

SNOLAB (Cleveland, Duncan, Ford, Jillings, Lawson)

SNOLABMeeting and Office Space

Clean Room Lab and Staging Material Handling

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

SNOLAB

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

SNOLAB

Personnel facilities

SNO Cavern

Ladder Labs

Cube Hall Phase IICryopit

UtilityArea

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007

Excavation Clean Rm LaboratoryArea Volume Area Volume Area Volume

Existing

Existing+ Phase I

Existing+ Phase I &I I

20,049 f t2 582,993 f t3 12,196 f t2 470,360 f t3 8,095 f t2 412,390 f t3

1,863 m2 16,511 m3 1,133 m2 13,321 m3 752 m2 11,679 m3

65,340 f t2 1,367,488 f t3 41,955 f t2 1,049,393 f t3 26,117 f t2 837,604 f t3

6,072 m2 38,728 m3 3,899 m2 29,719 m3 2,427 m2 23,721 m3

77,636 f t2 1,647,134 f t3 53,180 f t2 1,314,973 f t3 32,877 f t2 1,043,579 f t3

7,215 m2 46,648 m3 4,942 m2 37,241 m3 3,055 m2 29,555 m3

• Laboratory and support spaces will be operated as Class 2000

clean rooms. 10 HEPA filtered air changes per hour.

• Infrastructure includes: 2MW electrical service, 1 MW chiller

capacity, emergency generator, Ultra Pure Water facility, Low

background counting facility, high bandwidth network access,

chemistry facilities, underground machine shop, light gauge

rail line for material transport.

Laboratory Space

Excavation Status

- Phase I Excavation (Cube Hall, Ladder Labs) Complete- Phase II Excavation Progressing

LabEntrance

PersonnelArea

PersonnelArea

BladderRoom

LADDERLABS

CUBEHALL

CUBEHALL

CryopitTop Access

END

Title

TRIUMF Town Meeting 1-3 August 2007