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SMART CITIZENS
Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems
Dursun Yıldırım BAYAR
September 8th, 2017Strasbourg, France
INSPIRE Conference 2017 4‐5 September 2017 Kehl Germany
6‐8 September 2017 Strasbourg France
SMART CITIZENS: Smart Cities From a Different Point of View
Smart city is the habitat for the information society.
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Information society and smart cities develop in conjunction.
SMART CITIZENS: Smart Cities From a Different Point of View
Demand for accessing to information arised,
Supply of tools for accessing to information increased,
Smart citizens have unlimited questions and needs,
Smart cities would provide unlimited solutions
Evolution of information and communicationtechnologies accelerated rapidly.
Besides, engagement and interest of citizens tothe management of cities increased.
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Evolution of Information Society
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Information society term was firstly used in 1961.
“Information society” was used as a term for describingsocial changes in the second half of 20th Century.
A definition of information society:“A new form of social existence in which the storage,production, flow, etc. of networked information playsthe central role.”*
Information Society Smart Citizen
Citizenship
Ancient Decision Making&Participation
20th Century Decision Making &Participation
21st Century Decision Making &Participation
Smart ParticipationSocial Organisation Individualism
Centralized Services Decentralized Services
Digital Individualism
Civilisation Urbanisation
Industrial Urbanisation
Service BasedUrbanisation
SmartUrbanisation
Evolution of Information Society
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
20th Century Decision Making &Participation
21st Century Decision Making &Participation
Ancient Decision Making&Participation
Civilisation Urbanisation
Industrial Urbanisation
Service BasedUrbanisation
SmartUrbanisation
Cities were smart where urban facilities were
located according to the necessities of
citizens.
Facilities were adjusted
according to necessities of production.
Facilities were adjusted
according to necessities of
services.
Many smart assets are spread in the cities and these assets can be
easily related to other functions.
Necessities and priorities of smart citizens should be
considered.
Evolution of Information Society
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
The strength of public participation and active dissemination ofinformation would be arguable for previous centuries but shouldbe handled on its own conjuncture.
Information Society Smart Citizen
Knowledge workers
Knowledge industry
Post industriality
White collars
Uses know‐how
Saves knowledge
Saves time
No colour
Evolution of Information Society
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Smart citizens have their own platform
Citizen:Simple definition: “inhabitant of a city”
Smart Citizen
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Main Substances of citizenship as generalised;
• The right to move and reside freely
• The right to vote and to stand as a candidate• The right to protection• The right to apply and petition• The right to access
European Union Population: 440.768.360Current World Population: 7.523.856.329
Through this evolution, Smart Citizen would be apremium member of the society by benefiting smart cityassets.
Moreover, necessary models exist for sharing spatial dataand all information, in case a relation is established withother smart city instruments at the present.
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Smart Citizen
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
1/15th of the world’s population,Half a billion citizens benefit smart applications
in European Union
Smart Cities IoTInternet of Things
Big Data
Cloud Computing
Sensors
Telecommunication Infrastructure
Open Data
Augmented Reality
GIS
UIS ‐ MIS
E‐Government
Smart Citizen
Artificial Intelligence
Spatial Data Infrastructure
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Smart Citizen
For Smart Citizen, the main substance would be:
Taking advantage of all utilities that are improved bytechnological, social and cultural aspects, for a smartliving.
Smart Citizen
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
In order to establish smart cities for smart citizens;
The most important point is to observe the viewinside the smart city, from the smart citizen’s point ofview.
Smart Citizen
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Human is the extent of everything
Understanding smart citizen Determining necessities Setting priorities Providing adoption and engagement Increasing participation Developing and providing necessary instruments
Smart Citizen
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Will form a better state of governance in urban management.
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Benefiting from Geospatial Technologies at a higher degree will empower the state of smart urban management.
Citizen participation provides opportunities forindividuals ‐ citizens to be involved in decisionmaking processes.
Citizens demand more information, social andeconomic benefits and technological assets as theyparticipate actively to management and the living oftheir cities.
Participation
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
It is often foreseen that application of technologicalassets in a city make it smart.
Many other social and economic factors form thesmart city by involving the terms of governance,citizen participation and active dissemination ofinformation with transparency.
Participation
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Participation
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
An efficient way for increasing participationand adoption of decisions: Developing applications for “smart citizens” inorder to relate geo‐referenced responses ofinhabitants. Considering the results and applying theconsiderations.
Participation
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
This approach would form a type of “waterfall”citizen participation.
Smart cities would provide many instruments forlocal governments for amplifying participation by“agile” methods.
Using smart tools to consult citizens; if the services areconsidered whether successful or unsuccessful, whencompleted:
Participation
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Developed smart applications are mostly in “one tomany” structure;
Establishing a “many to many” structure, which includesthe smart citizens’ interaction, would provide a betterstate of participation.
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Smart City Model
Smart economy
Smart peopleSmart environment
Smart mobility
Smart governance
Smart living
Level of qualificationAffinity to life long learningSocial and ethnic pluralityFlexibilityCreativityCosmopolitanism / Open mindednessParticipation in public life
Factors of Smart People
Participation in decision makingPublic and social servicesTransparent governancePolitical strategies & perspectives
Factors of Smart Governance
Smart City
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Smart citizens produce and use information through systems in anefficient and sustainable way in order to form smart cities.
Smart cities provide a sustainable environment to implement efficientsystems that process information for the use of smart citizens.
Smart citizen
information
systems efficient
sustainable
Smart city
The Smart Equilibrium
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
INSPIRING The Equilibrium
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
• INSPIRE forms a bridge for smart city applications.
• In this regard, horizontal impacts of this infrastructureshall be considered.
• Benefiting from standardised data provide manyadvantages to increase benefits of smart applications,especially for smart environment and smart mobility andother components as well.
INSPIRING The Equilibrium
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Human is the extent, but supply is limited to manyfactors lead by social economy of the occurrence of thecity.
There are examples of developing smart citizen centricapplications by private sector, academicians andgovernmental institutions.
However, smart citizen would demand much moreinformation and other smart urban facilities, includingSDI supported instruments.
Keywords for providing efficient services to Smart Citizen;
INSPIRING The Equilibrium
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Considering Smart Citizen
Urban capability Human capability Social capital Culture Decreasing costs Strength of Geospatial Technologies
Empowering Governanceand Urban Management
Increasing Participation Inclusion and engagement of smart citizens Raising awareness Adjustments for adoption
Conclusions
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
Key role players in SDI and urban management would; Gain more access to open data and information. Develop more practical tools to analyse open data and
let citizens comment for urban living. Give more importance to awareness raising. Empower citizens use of SDI driven smart applications
which are key instruments for smart urban life. Develop more tools related to e‐governance,
participation and urban living.For smart citizens.
Conclusions
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
EMPOWER GOVERNANCE
INCLUSION AND ENGAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS INCREASE PARTICIPATION
ADOPTION
SMART CITIZEN
S M A R T C I T Y
USE STRENGTH OF GEOSPATIAL TECH
CHALLENGES
In order to succeed in building smart cities; It is important to remark smart citizen as highlighted in
smart city strategies and actions. The human centric establishment of smart city shall
take forward the terms of participation, governance andtransparency, as mentioned terms have always succeeded bymaking the settlements and management smarterthroughout the history.
CoriolanusAct III. Scene I. Rome, a street.
Conclusions
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
(Sicilinius, Two Senators, Brutus, Citizens)
Sicilinius: What is the city but the people?
Citizens: True, the people are the city.
Allen, M., Regenbrecht, H., Abbott, M., (2011) “Smart‐Phone Augmented Reality for Public Participation in Urban Planning”
Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C. and Peter Nijkamp, P., (2009) "Smart Cities in Europe.” CERS Goodchild, M. F., (2007) “Citizens as Voluntary Sensors: Spatial Data Infrastructure in the World of Web 2.0”
IJSDIR 2007 V2 JRC Technical Report (2014) “Citizen Science and Smart Cities.” Johnson, P.A., Sieber, R., Scassa, T., Stephens, M. and Robinson, P. (2017) “The Cost(s) of Geospatial Open Data” Karvalics, L.Z. (2007) “Information Society – what is it exactly?” Monfaredzadeh, T. and Krueger, R. (2015) “Investigating Social Factors of Sustainability in a Smart City.”
International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction. Murgante, B. and Borruso, G. (2014) “Smart City or Smurfs City.” Schröder, C., (2014) “A mobile app for citizen participation.” EGOSE Taylor, L., Richter, C., Jameson, S., and Perez del Pulgar, C. (2016) ‘Customers, Users or Citizens? Inclusion, Spatial
Data and Governance in the Smart City.’ Maps4Society Final Project Report. Tao, W. “Interdisciplinary Urban GIS for Smart Cities: Advancements and Opportunities.” Tisma, A., Weerdt,M., Riemsdijk, B., Warnier, M., and Velde, R. (2015) “Smart Phones for a Smart City:
Requirements for Context Aware Mobile Application for Landscape and Urban Planning.” www.digitalsocial.eu www.smart‐cities.eu www.thesmartcitizen.org www.worldometers.info
Ministry of Environment and Urbanization ‐ Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems INSPIRE Conference 2017 Kehl, GERMANY ‐ Strasbourg, FRANCE 8th September, 2017
Bibliography
Thank you…
Dursun Yıldırım BAYAR, Branch Manager, yildirim.bayar@csb.gov.trGeographical Informatics Department, Smart Cities Branch
Directorate General of Geographical Information Systems
INSPIRE Conference 2017 4‐5 September 2017 Kehl Germany
6‐8 September 2017 Strasbourg France
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