Ships, Ship Routines and Construction - July 23

SHIPS, SHIP ROUTINES AND CONSTRUCTION

MT101P

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

State the relationship of the vessel, its owner and/or manager and the crew on board;

Types of Vessel

Draw the organigram (organizational plan) of a vessel and state the function of each

department, the duties and responsibilities of each person in the department;

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• State the relationship of the vessel, its owner and/or manager and the crew on board;

• State the statutory requirement for such shipboard organization;

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Shipboard organization

Objective• To describe the organization structure of the

Company with relevance to shipboard activity.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

Description• A dedicated vessel manager is assigned the

responsibility for the operation of vessels under his charge and for co-ordination between the ship and the Company.

• The vessel manager works in close co-operation with the Designated Person(s) for all safety management system (SMS)-related matters.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

The Designated Person’sRole of the Designated Person(s)• The Designated Person(s) form a vital link

between the company and their vessels. • They have the responsibility of monitoring the

safety and pollution prevention aspects pertaining to the operation of the vessels assigned to their company.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• In order to perform their tasks effectively, the Designated Person(s) have direct access to the top management.

• If required, the Designated Person(s) shall report deficiencies to the head of the Company and/or to the owner of the vessel.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• The Designated Person(s) ensure that deficiencies identified or reported from their vessels are attended without any undue delay, and adequate resources and company support is allocated as found necessary.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• The Master of the vessel has complete authority over all personnel on board his vessel and is responsible for implementing the corporate policies.

• He reports to the designated vessel manager for his vessel.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• The shipboard management team includes the Master, chief engineer, chief officer and second engineer (also known as First Engineer on some Norwegian ships) Headed by the Master, they form the core group for the management of onboard activity.

• The shipboard management may contact the designated person(s) for matters regarding safety and pollution prevention that require immediate attention from the senior management of the Company.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

Shipboard OrganizationThe shipboard organization, under the command of the Master, is composed of four departments • Deck department headed by the chief officer.• Engine department headed by the chief engineer.• Catering department headed by the catering officer/chief steward. (If only a chief cook isassigned to the vessel the Master will assume formal responsibility for this department.).• Special operations department

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• The radio and communications functions come directly under the Master.

• On vessels equipped with GMDSS with no radio officer, the Master is responsible for all communications.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• Performance level for each function is a line management responsibility.

• However, the Master is responsible for the overall performance level on board the ship.

• The shipboard management assists in the decision making process.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• Minimum manning scale for each vessel is based on the vessel’s flag state requirements, its trading area, possible special operational requirements and fulfillment of current regulations governing seafarers’ work and rest hours.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

• Explain the distinction between responsibility and authority.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

Authority and Interrelation• The Master is the ultimate authority on the

ship. He is the Company’s and the ship owner's direct representative and is recognized as such in international law.

• When in command he may not delegate his ultimate authority and responsibility.

• The Master has absolute and overriding authority and the responsibility to make appropriate decisions in matters of safety and pollution prevention.

• If required, he may request the assistance of the Company.

SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

Responsibility of the Master (including but not limited to)• Understand, abide and implement all relevant

documentation, regulations, guidelines and procedures.

• Sign copies as instructed by the superior officer to indicate understanding of the same.

• Motivate and train staff on board for the observation of such policies and legislation.

• Maintain objective evidence of compliance with the above.

• Ensure that the vessel's watertight integrity is maintained at all times.

• Supervise the safe, efficient and economical running and maintenance of the ship.

• Verify presence of adequate stock of essential spares, stores, provisions and fuel on board.

• Ensure that the duties of the officers and other personnel are carried out as laid down in the Company’s governing documents.

• By international law the Master is bound to render assistance to a vessel in distress.

• When the Master of any vessel finds it unreasonable or due to special circumstances is unable to do so, he must enter the reasons for failing to proceed to render assistance in the ship’s logbook.

SHIPBOARD ROUTINES

Cargo care at sea A) Lashing check

Condition of Cargo (Container) Securing / Lashing shall be checked at least once daily and tightened as required.

In case of Heavy weather, more frequent lashing checks to be carried out and additional lashing taken as necessary, at masters discretion.

B) Prevent for Wet damage for Cargo

At sea, careful Sounding of Cargo Hold Bilges is paramount to early detection of potential damage to cargo due to ingress of sea water or leakages from water or oil systems on board.

• Water accumulated inside Cargo Holds due to rain or other reason shall be removed well before it rises to a level where the lower tier containers are affected and cargo within may be subject to Wet damage.

• Bilge sounding shall be carried out at least once a day,

• In port, cargo hold bilges shall be drained into a holding tank where provided and pumping overboard shall be avoided as far as possible.

• Careful checks must be made before pumping Cargo Hold Bilges overboard to ensure no danger of Pollution by Oil or Contaminants.

C) Prevent for Cargo damage

Dangerous goods • Containers are to be visually checked at

random to determine if they continue to remain in good condition.

• D.G containers require special attention and must be checked for Leakages/Damages.

D) Refer containers

• All Reefer containers shall be monitored for condition and proper functioning at least Twice daily.

• More frequent monitoring will be required in case of special/VIP reefer cargo containers and units giving trouble or suspected to be malfunctioning.

E) Cargo & Hull damage • If despite observing due diligence, damage to cargo

or hull has occurred, the master shall take prudent action to minimize such damage and promptly report the facts to the company.

• The master shall make appropriate entries in the Ships Log Book and also preserve all relevant records including navigation charts, navigational and meteorological equipment records and print outs, weather reports and other related documents.

• Such documents and records may be required as evidence in case of claims.

• The Master shall prepare a Masters Report on the damages sustained and also lodge a Sea Protest at the next port before a notary public and have it notarized.

Performing the navigational watchThe officer in charge of the navigational watch shall:1 keep the watch on the bridge;2 in no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved;

3 continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the ship, despite the presence of the master on the bridge, until informed specifically that the master has assumed that responsibility and this is mutually understood; and4 notify the master when in any doubt as to what action to take in the interest of safety.

PREPARATION FOR ARRIVAL IN PORT• In preparing the passage for arrival in port has a

pre-pilotage information exchange taken place?• Has the passage plan updated following receipt

of the shore to ship pilot/master exchange form and all latest navigational warning?

• Has the ETA been sent with all relevant information required by local regulations?

• Is it necessary to rearrange cargo and ballast?

Has the following equipment been prepared and checked?• Course and engine movement recorders• Clock synchronization• Communication with the engine control room

and mooring stations• Signaling equipment, including flags and lights• Deck lightings

• Mooring winches and lines including heaving lines

• Pressure on the fire main• Anchors cleared away• Stabilizers and log tubes housed, if fitted• Has the steering gears been tested, and has

manual steering been engage n sufficient time for the helmsman to become accustomed before maneuvering commences?

• Have the engine been tested and prepare for maneuvering?

• Has the pilot card in hand?• Have the VHF channels for the various services

been noted and a radio check carried out?• Has the port been made fully aware of any

special berthing requirements that the ships may have?

Ship at anchorIf the master considers it necessary, a continuous navigational watch shall be maintained at anchor. While at anchor, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall:1. determine and plot the ship’s position on the appropriate chart as soon as practicable;2. when circumstances permit, check at sufficiently frequent intervals whether the ship is remaining securely at anchor by taking bearings of fixed navigation marks or readily identifiable shore objects;

3. ensure that proper look-out is maintained;4. ensure that inspection rounds of the ship are made periodically;5. observe meteorological and tidal conditions and the state of the sea;6. notify the master and undertake all necessary measures if the ship drags anchor;

7. ensure that the state of readiness of the main engines and other machinery is in accordance with the master’s instructions;8. if visibility deteriorates, notify the master;9. ensure that the ship exhibits the appropriate lights and shapes and that appropriate sound signals are made in accordance with all applicable regulations;10. take measures to protect the environment from pollution by the ship and comply with applicable pollution regulations.

Explain when cargo and why there are various controls and inspection on board vessel (both by

the vessel’s master and other authorities or organization;

SHIPBOARD ROUTINES

• Additional flag state requirements shall be complied with.

• The shipboard management (master, chief engineer, chief officer) in consultation with the safety committee shall be responsible for the planning of drills.

The drills:• Shall be planned to meet the objectives

escribed earlier in this section.• Should be conducted as realistically as

possible.• Should preferably be held during daylight

hours.

• For minimum requirements refer to drill schedules. Additional flag state requirements shall be complied with.

Drills should not be conducted if: -• They cannot be completed safely.• They cause undue interference in cargo or

other critical operations.• Unannounced drills should not be conducted

when there are personnel working in extremely awkward places, sudden evacuation from where could cause personal injury.

• All on board shall take part in the drills. • In case any person is unable to participate in

preannounced Drills, the master must be notified in advance.

Drill Schedules• Minimum requirements are listed below.

Masters shall familiarize themselves with any additional requirements that may apply.

• They may seek the Company’s advice, if so required.

• WEEKLY (for Liberian and other flag vessels having similar requirements)

WEEKLY (for Liberian and other flag vessels having similar requirements)• Drill for operation of watertight doors

EMERGENCY DRILLS AND TRAINING

• Objective: to prepare a trained and organized response to situations of great difficulty which may unexpectedly threatened loss of life at sea;

• should be carried out realistically approaching as closely as possible to emergency conditions;

• should stress and include emergency procedures and equipment, emergency personnel duties safety equipment test and any emergency related practices or regulation

SOME EMERGENCY DRILLS AND TRAINING

• Abandonship Drill or Boat Drill• Fire Drill• Emergency Evacuation• Rescue Training• Proper Use of Life Saving Appliances (LSA)• Stow-away Drills & Bomb Search• Emergency Steering Drill