Semester 1 Final – Quick Review Honors Chem Mr Nelson - 2011.

Semester 1 Final – Quick Review Honors Chem

Mr Nelson - 2011

Solutions may be:

a. solids, liquids, or gases.b. liquids only.c. liquids or gases.d. none of the above.

Properties that describe the way a substance will react to form other substances are known as:

a. chemical properties.b. physical properties.c. homogeneous properties.d. heterogeneous properties.

When nitric acid is added to a test tube containing copper, nitrogen dioxide gas is formed. This is the result of:

a. an accident.b. a chemical reaction.c. a physical change.d. an extensive property.

Heat flows spontaneously from:

a. an object at lower temperature to an object at higher temperature.

b. an object to another object at the same temperature.

c. an object at higher temperature to an object at lower temperature.

d. an object at higher elevation to an object at lower elevation.

A sample of 120 milliliters of water equals: 1 oz = 30 mL

a. 2 fluid ounces.b. 4 fluid ounces.c. 6 fluid ounces.d. 8 fluid ounces.

A student measured the concentration of a solution three times, obtaining values of 0.010 M, 0.060 M, and 0.030 M. The average concentration was thus 0.033 M. The accepted value was 0.034 M. The student’s data has:

a. good accuracy and good precision.b. poor accuracy but good precision.c. poor accuracy and poor precision.d. good accuracy but poor precision.

How many significant figures are in the measured number 0.082060?

a. 3b. 4c. 5d. 6

6.03 grams + 7.1 grams = ?

a. 13 gramsb. 13.1 gramsc. 13.13 gramsd. 13.130 grams

6.03 grams / 7.1 milliliters = ?

a. 0.8 grams/milliliterb. 0.85 grams/milliliterc. 0.849 grams/milliliterd. 0.8492957 grams/milliliter

The nucleus of an atom contains:

a. protons and neutrons.b. protons and electrons.c. electrons and neutrons.d. air.

Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers are called:

a. mutants.b. isomers.c. isotopes.d. symbiots.

Atoms of elements on the left side of the periodic table tend to:

a. gain electrons.b. lose electrons.c. keep electrons.d. share electrons.

A compound consisting of a metal and a nonmetal is called:

a. a molecular compound.b. a mixed compound.c. an empirical compound.d. an ionic compound.

Positive ions are called:

a. positrons.b. anions.c. cations.d. nucleons.

The elements located in group 17 of the periodic table are called:

a. alkali metals.b. noble gases.c. chalcogens.d. halogens.

An acid is a substance that contains which of the following ions?

a. K+

b. OH–

c. H+

d. H–

Which is the correct name for NaClO, the active ingredient in Clorox bleach?

a. sodium chlorateb. sodium chloritec. sodium perchlorated. sodium hypochlorite

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called a(n):

a. solute.b. solution.c. electrolyte.d. mess.

Which common beverage conducts electricity the best?

a. Evian waterb. Gatoradec. milkd. apple juice

A system absorbs heat during an __________ process.

a. exothermicb. isothermicc. adiabaticd. endothermic

When a hot piece of metal is placed into cool water, energy:

a. flows from the metal to the water.b. flows from the water to the metal.c. does not flow.d. is not conserved.

The wavelength of electromagnetic energy multiplied by its frequency equals:

a. c, the speed of lightb. h, Planck’s constantc. Avogadro’s numberd. 4.184

The energy of a photon of electromagnetic energy divided by its frequency equals:

a. c, the speed of lightb. h, Planck’s constantc. Avogadro’s numberd. 4.184

Light that contains colors of all wavelengths is called:

a. a continuous spectrum.b. monochromatic.c. a line spectrum.d. a Balmer series.

The lowest energy state of an atom is referred to as its:

a. bottom state.b. ground state.c. fundamental state.d. original state.

“It is impossible to know both the position and the momentum of an electron simultaneously” is a statement of:

a. Hund’s Rule.b. deBroglie’s Hypothesis.c. the Pauli Exclusion Principle.d. the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.

The way electrons are distributed among the various orbitals of an atom is referred to as the atom’s:

a. orbital diagram.b. electron configuration.c. electron distribution.d. electron spread.

[He]2s22p2 is the electron configuration of which element?

a. berylliumb. boronc. carbon d. nitrogen

Which choice below correctly lists the elements in order of increasing atomic radii?

a. Na < Mg < K < Rbb. Mg < Na < K < Rbc. Rb < K < Na < Mgd. Rb < K < Mg < Na

Which statement is false?

a. Fluoride ions are larger than rubidium ions.

b. Bromide ions are larger than sodium ions.

c. Iodide ions are larger than rubidium ions.

d. Chloride ions are larger than potassium ions.

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its ground state is known as the:

a. potential energy.b. activation energy.c. electron affinity.d. ionization energy.

Which choice correctly lists the elements in order of increasing first ionization energy?

a. Na < Ca < Al < Snb. Na < Al < Ca < Snc. Na < Al < Sn < Cad. Ca < Na < Sn < Al

The two types of chemical bonds commonly found in compounds are:

a. doric and covalent.b. ionic and electrolytic.c. ionic and covalent.d. electrolytic and compound.

The electrons used by atoms to form chemical bonds are the:

a. core electrons.b. valence electrons.c. lone pair electrons.d. unpaired electrons.

“Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons” is a statement of:

a. the rule of octaves.b. the double quartet rule.c. the eight electron rule.d. the octet rule.

When a transition metal atom becomes a +1 ion, the electron lost usually comes from what type of orbital?

a. pb. fc. dd. s

A molecule of CS2 contains:

a. two single bonds.b. two double bonds.c. one single bond and one double bond.d. one single bond and one triple bond.

Which choice below correctly lists the elements in order of increasing electronegativity?

a. C < N < O < Fb. N < C < O < Fc. N < C < F < Od. C < N < F < O

As the number of bonds between two atoms increases, the distance between the atoms:

a. increases.b. decreases.c. remains unchanged.d. varies with the atoms involved.

The methane (CH4) molecule has what geometry?

a. linearb. trigonal bipyramidalc. trigonal planard. tetrahedral

The overall shape of a molecule is determined by its:

a. atoms.b. bond angles.c. symmetry.d. electron affinity.

The phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) molecule has what geometry?

a. tetrahedralb. trigonal planarc. pyramidald. trigonal bipyramidal

Iodine-131 is converted into xenon-131 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gamma d. positron

Polonium-212 is converted into lead-208 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Carbon-11 is converted into boron-11 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with low neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with high neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with atomic numbers greater than 83 tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Which kind of radiation can penetrate into human tissues most effectively?

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Solutions may be:

a. solids, liquids, or gases.b. liquids only.c. liquids or gases.d. none of the above.

Properties that describe the way a substance will react to form other substances are known as:

a. chemical properties.b. physical properties.c. homogeneous properties.d. heterogeneous properties.

When nitric acid is added to a test tube containing copper, nitrogen dioxide gas is formed. This is the result of:

a. an accident.b. a chemical reaction.c. a physical change.d. an extensive property.

Heat flows spontaneously from:

a. an object at lower temperature to an object at higher temperature.

b. an object to another object at the same temperature.

c. an object at higher temperature to an object at lower temperature.

d. an object at higher elevation to an object at lower elevation.

A sample of 120 milliliters of water equals:

a. 2 fluid ounces.b. 4 fluid ounces.c. 6 fluid ounces.d. 8 fluid ounces.

A student measured the concentration of a solution three times, obtaining values of 0.010 M, 0.060 M, and 0.030 M. The average concentration was thus 0.033 M. The accepted value was 0.034 M. The student’s data has:

a. good accuracy and good precision.b. poor accuracy but good precision.c. poor accuracy and poor precision.d. good accuracy but poor precision.

How many significant figures are in the measured number 0.082060?

a. 3b. 4c. 5d. 6

6.03 grams + 7.1 grams = ?

a. 13 gramsb. 13.1 gramsc. 13.13 gramsd. 13.130 grams

6.03 grams / 7.1 milliliters = ?

a. 0.8 grams/milliliterb. 0.85 grams/milliliterc. 0.849 grams/milliliterd. 0.8492957 grams/milliliter

The nucleus of an atom contains:

a. protons and neutrons.b. protons and electrons.c. electrons and neutrons.d. air.

Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers are called:

a. mutants.b. isomers.c. Isotopes.d. symbiots.

Atoms of elements on the left side of the periodic table tend to:

a. gain electrons.b. lose electrons.c. keep electrons.d. share electrons.

A compound consisting of a metal and a nonmetal is called:

a. a molecular compound.b. a mixed compound.c. an empirical compound.d. an ionic compound.

Positive ions are called:

a. positrons.b. anions.c. cations.d. nucleons.

The elements located in group 7A of the periodic table are called:

a. alkali metals.b. noble gases.c. chalcogens.d. halogens.

An acid is a substance that produces which of the following ions when dissolved in water?

a. K+

b. OH–

c. H+

d. H–

Which is the correct name for NaOCl, the active ingredient in Clorox bleach?

a. sodium chlorateb. sodium chloritec. sodium perchlorated. sodium hypochlorite

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called a(n):

a. solute.b. solution.c. electrolyte.d. mess.

Which common beverage conducts electricity?

a. Evian waterb. Gatoradec. milkd. apple juice

A system absorbs heat during an __________ process.

a. exothermicb. isothermicc. adiabaticd. endothermic

When a hot piece of metal is placed into cool water, energy:

a. flows from the metal to the water.b. flows from the water to the metal.c. does not flow.d. is not conserved.

The wavelength of electromagnetic energy multiplied by its frequency equals:

a. c, the speed of lightb. h, Planck’s constantc. Avogadro’s numberd. 4.184

The energy of a photon of electromagnetic energy divided by its frequency equals:

a. c, the speed of lightb. h, Planck’s constantc. Avogadro’s numberd. 4.184

Light that contains colors of all wavelengths is called:

a. a continuous spectrum.b. monochromatic.c. a line spectrum.d. a Balmer series.

The lowest energy state of an atom is referred to as its:

a. bottom state.b. ground state.c. fundamental state.d. original state.

“It is impossible to know both the position and the momentum of an electron simultaneously” is a statement of:

a. Hund’s Rule.b. deBroglie’s Hypothesis.c. the Pauli Exclusion Principle.d. the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.

The way electrons are distributed among the various orbitals of an atom is referred to as the atom’s:

a. orbital diagram.b. electron configuration.c. electron distribution.d. electron spread.

[He]2s22p2 is the electron configuration of which element?

a. berylliumb. boronc. carbon d. nitrogen

Which choice below correctly lists the elements in order of increasing atomic radii?

a. Na < Mg < K < Rbb. Mg < Na < K < Rbc. Rb < K < Na < Mgd. Rb < K < Mg < Na

Which statement is false?

a. Fluoride ions are larger than rubidium ions.

b. Bromide ions are larger than sodium ions.

c. Iodide ions are larger than rubidium ions.

d. Chloride ions are larger than potassium ions.

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its ground state is known as the:

a. potential energy.b. activation energy.c. electron affinity.d. ionization energy.

Which choice correctly lists the elements in order of increasing first ionization energy?

a. Na < Ca < Al < Snb. Na < Al < Ca < Snc. Na < Al < Sn < Cad. Ca < Na < Sn < Al

The two types of chemical bonds commonly found in compounds are:

a. doric and covalent.b. ionic and electrolytic.c. ionic and covalent.d. electrolytic and compound.

The electrons used by atoms to form chemical bonds are the:

a. core electrons.b. valence electrons.c. lone pair electrons.d. unpaired electrons.

“Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons” is a statement of:

a. the rule of octaves.b. the double quartet rule.c. the eight electron rule.d. the octet rule.

When a transition metal atom becomes a +1 ion, the electron lost usually comes from what type of orbital?

a. pb. fc. dd. s

A molecule of CS2 contains:

a. two single bonds.b. two double bonds.c. one single bond and one double bond.d. one single bond and one triple bond.

Which choice below correctly lists the elements in order of increasing electronegativity?

a. C < N < O < Fb. N < C < O < Fc. N < C < F < Od. C < N < F < O

As the number of bonds between two atoms increases, the distance between the atoms:

a. increases.b. decreases.c. remains unchanged.d. varies with the atoms involved.

The methane (CH4) molecule has what geometry?

a. linearb. trigonal bipyramidalc. trigonal planard. tetrahedral

The overall shape of a molecule is determined by its:

a. atoms.b. bond angles.c. symmetry.d. electron affinity.

The phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) molecule has what geometry?

a. tetrahedralb. trigonal planarc. pyramidald. trigonal bipyramidal

Iodine-131 is converted into xenon-131 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gamma d. positron

Polonium-212 is converted into lead-208 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Carbon-11 is converted into boron-11 by __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with low neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with high neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Nuclei with atomic numbers greater than 83 tend to undergo __________ emission.

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron

Which kind of radiation can penetrate into human tissues most effectively?

a. alphab. betac. gammad. positron