Selecting Methods of Extraction of Steeply Dipping Coal Seam

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CRITERIA FOR SELECTINGMETHODS OF EXTRACTIONOF STEEPLY DIPPING COALSEAM

BY  VIKAS RAIKA

  114MN0567

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Facts and fgures abut ca! reser"eand #ts e$%!#tat#n trend #n #nd#are"ea!s t&at t&e 'uture ' t&e #ndustr(

!#es )#t& undergrund *#n#ng ' ca!+H)e"er ,%ara*eters !#-e. stee%nessare bec*#ng *re #*%rtant )#&c&ang#ng ge/*#n#ng cnd#t#n ' t&e

*#nes+

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GEO/MINING CONDITIONSStee% ca! see* ' t&e cuntr( aretc- and tn and are stuc- be!)

&ard and *ass#"e 'r*at#ns ' 0&ar#(a ca!fe!d t g&!( '!ded,s'tand 'rag#!e 'r*at#ns ' *a-u*ca!fe!d+ Ma0r#t( ' t&e stee% sea*

cns#st gd 1ua!#t( ' ca! +

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 Prb!e*s 2+Stee%!( d#%%#ng ca! *ass #sbser"ed t be 'rag#!e due t t&e#r

"#c#n#t(O' t&e 'au!ts and under t&e #n3urnce' '!ds+

4+Pr *ec&an#sat#n andaut*at#n+

5+C*%!e$ rc-*ass be&a"#ur

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stee% ca! sea*s )#t& c*%etent rc- *'r*at#ns ad%ted d#7erent *#n#ng *et&

Inc!#ned s!#c#ng  2+ #nc!#ne s!#c#ng )#t& ca"#ng  4+ #nc!#ne s!#c#ng )#t& st)#ng

Hr#8nta! s!#c#ng

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INTRODUCTIONIn case ' #nc!#ned s!#c#ng, t&e s!#ces a%ara!!e! t t&e bedd#ng %!ane+ It *a( be

e#t&er #n ascend#ng rder r #n descend#n9!e descend#ng rder ' #nc!#ned s!#c#ngdne )#t& r )#t&ut st)#ng, #nc!#ned s!#cascend#ng rder *ust be dne #n cn0unc

st)#ng+ A!t&ug& *et&d ' *#n#ng *abe brd and %#!!ar r !ng)a!!, !ng)a!! *un#"ersa!!( %re'erred 'r #ts %rduct#"#0ust#fes t&e cst #n"!"ed #n #nc!#ned

tec&n#1ue+

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APPLICABILITY OF INCLINED SLICINGInc!#ned s!#c#ng )#t& descend#ng rder )#t& stnr*a!!( %ract#ced un!ess t&e r' cnd#t#ns at&e ca! sea* #s g&!( %rne t s%ntane

H)e"er, #' t&e f!! *ater#a! &as su#tab!e %#*%art stab#!#t( t t&e r' ' t&e s!#ces, t&a%%!#ed t sea*s )#t& a%%rec#ab!e tc-ness+#nc!#ned s!#c#ng #s %ract#ced #n t&e gent!( d

sea*s a!t&ug& t&ere are #nstances )&en ts #t&e se*#/stee% ca! sea*s t+ Fr stee% sea*&r#8nta! s!#c#ng #s %re'erred "er #nc!#ned s!#c#n

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Inclin! "licin# in !"cn!in# $%!% &i'(  a%%!#cab#!#t(I Ma$#*u* sea* #nc!#nat#n 5;< sea*s stee%

ts )#!! resu!t #n ca"ed stne s!#d#ng d)n tarea+##+ Eas#!( ca"eab!e r' =r' )#t& beds !ess ttc- and c*%ress#"e strengt& u% t ;>> -g c###+ Sea*s )#t& regu!ar tc-ness

#"+ Sea* tc-ness u% t ?*< sea*s tc-er t)#!! re1u#re *re t&an 5 s!#ces )!e art#fc#a!t&rug& )#re nett#ng !asts u% t 5 s!#ces+ "+ T&e ca! *a( be &ard+

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 T&e sea* )as d#"#ded #n ; s!#ces, eac& ' 4+6* tc- and t&e btt* 6+@* )ass!#ce at t&e 3r and sub!e"e! ca"#ng ' "er!(#ng 4+6* ca! =F#g+ 2+ 

1 Di*i"i$n $, 1-.4 /'% '(ic ")/ in'$"lic" ,$% !"cn!in# "licin# /'($! &i'(c)*in# )' Gi!i A C$lli%2 K)%)n3%) C$)ll!R. D. Sin#(2 178

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INCLINED SLICING IN DESCENDING ORDE

STO9ING

Inc!#ned s!#c#ng #n descend#ng rder )#t& st)#

dne )&en ca! sea* #s br-en and t&e r' d

ca"e eas#!( and t&e sea* #s %rne t s%ntane

&eat#ng+ 9r-#ng ' a tc- sea* #nc!#ned at 5

#nc!#ned s!#c#ng #n descend#ng rder )#t& st)#

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Fi#. ; Inclin! "licin# in !"cn!in# $%!% &R. D. Sin#(2 178

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HORIONTAL SLICING

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INTRODUCTIONIn ts case t&e s!#ces are ta-en %ara!!e! t &r#8nta! %!ane+ 'ace #s e1ua! t t&e &r#8nta! tc-ness ' t&e sea*+It #s genera!!( a%%!#ed t tc- = 2+;* tc- and stee% sea*#nc!#ned sea*s &a"#ng suc#ent tc-ness+ It can be a%%!#ed

an( s&a%e cnta#n#ng bt& &ard and )ea- ca!s and sea*#ncubat#n %er#d and g& rate ' freda*% e*#ss#n+ Stabnt an #*%rtant 'actr 'r ts *et&d+Hr#8nta! s!#c#ng can be dne bt& #n ascend#ng rder and rder+ 9&en #t #s dne #n ascend#ng rder, ga' *ust be f*et&d ' *#n#ng *a( e#t&er be brd and %#!!ar r !ng

*et&d #s un#"ersa!!( %re'erred 'r #ts %rduct#"#t( as #t 0us#n"!"ed #n &r#8nta! s!#c#ng tec&n#1ue+ Hr#8nta! s!#c#ng rder )#t& sand st)#ng #s %red*#nant!( used a!! arund t&e Sea* #s accessed b( dr#"#ng rads #n t&e 't)a!! and cr'r* t&e 't)a!! t t&e sea*+ S#t#ng *a#n access rad #n '*re stab!e and t&ere're re1u#res !ess *a#ntenance and

sea!#ng ' t&e %ane! #n case ' ccurrence ' fre #n t&e )r-#n

:ORI

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:ORI

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Fi#. - M'($! $, ='%)c'i$n > ($%i?$n')l"licin# (S. K. Das, 1994)

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DISADVANTAGES OF:ORI

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CASE STDY

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INCLINED SLICING IN DESCENDING ORDER 9IT: CAVINGsua!!( !ng)a!! retreat#ng *et&d #s ad%ted 'r #nc!#ned s!#c#ng #n descend#ng M'($!Rads are dr#"en #n fr* grund and %!anned t ser"e *re t&an ne s!#c%re'erab!( be !cated #n rc- s t&at #n case ' fre, t&e %ane! cu!d be eas#!(

&au!age rad)a(s and a#r)a(s are *ade t ser"e a!! t&e s!#ces and are usua!Inde%endent de"e!%*ent %en#ngs are dr#"en #n eac& s!#ce c**ensurate )#t)r-#ng+ A'ter t&e s!#ce #s e$tracted and ca"edst)ed, s*e t#*e #s a!!)ed sett!e d)n+ Inde%endent de"e!%*ent rad)a(s are t&en dr#"en 'r ne$t s!#ceentr#es+ Nr*a!!( a!! s!#ces are )r-ed s#*u!taneus!( s t&at bt& gate s#*u!taneus!( )#t& t&e ad"ance ' t&e res%ect#"e s!#ces+ Ts ensures cnt#nbt& t&e gate rads crres%nd#ng t t&e ad"ance ' res%ect#"e s!#ces+

Nr*a! %ract#ce #s t 'r* t&e 'a!se r' )#t& t&e )#re nett#ng !a#d n t&e stee! nett#ng !asts u% t 5 s!#ces and 7er *re 3e$#b#!#t( #n %erat#n+ S*et#'r*at#n ' t&e r' ' t&e !)er s!#ces, ad"antage ' stne bands #s ta-en #' tsu#tab!e tc-ness+ H)e"er, t#*ber#ng be!) t&e band *ust be s regu!ated t&des nt d#s#ntegrate+ 

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C)" "'!@ Gi!i A C$lli%2 K)%)n3%) C$)ll!2 In!i)G$Minin# P)%)/'%Sea* Tc-ness . 24 *D#% . 2 #n 5 t 2 #n ;C"er . > *Sea* )r-ed . S#r-a

sea*Strata ab"e . 2+;* tc- s&a!e ca%%edb( bedded sandstneStrata be!) . S&a!e at t&e 3rC*%ress#"e strengt& ' t&e ca! . 465 -g c*/4

C*%ress#"e strengt& ' r' rc- . 22 -g c*/4

Lengt& ' t&e 'ace . ?> *Face su%%rt . 64 tnne 'r#ct#n %r%sand nged t(%e r' bars

ea* )as d#"#ded #n ; s!#ces eac& ' 4 6* tc- and t&e btt* 6 @* )as ta

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ea* )as d#"#ded #n ; s!#ces, eac& ' 4+6* tc- and t&e btt* 6+@* )as taub!e"e! ca"#ng ' "er!(#ng 4+6* ca! =F#g+ 2+

Fi#.1 Di*i"i$n $, 1-.4 /'% '(ic ")/ in'$ "lic" ,$% !"cn!in# "licc)*in# )' Gi!i A C$lli%2K)%)n3%) C$)ll! R. D. Sin#(2 178

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 T&e sea* )as %ened ut b( t&ree sur'ace #nc!#nes.a!ng t&e r' at 2B* a%art and ne a!ng t&e 3r centra!!(+ One ' t&e r' #nc!#nes )as used 'r t&e sut&e *ater#a! and t&e t&er 'r t&e return ' a#r+ Gate )ere dr#"en 'r* t&e r' #nc!#nes t t&e !#*#t ' t&e and t&e frst s!#ce )as %ened ut bet)een t&ese gaEntr( t t&e secnd s!#ce )as *ade b( s#n-#ng t&e e$entr#es t t&e frst s!#ce t t&e !e"e! ' t&e secnd s!#cgate rads )ere dr#"en and t&e secnd s!#ce 'ace )aunderneat& t&e nett#ng and secnd s!#ce 'ace )as st'r* t&e end ' t&e %ane! )&ere t&e frst s!#ce endedB* s!#d ca! 'r* t&e end 'r t&e %ur%se ' secur#art#fc#a! rfng+ T&e gate rad )as dr#"en !ea"#ng 6'r* t&e edge ' t&e

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  THANJ YOKK