Safety in Small to Medium Enterprises Sean Mahar, PhD, CIH, CSP, PE.

Safety in Small to Medium Safety in Small to Medium EnterprisesEnterprises

Sean Mahar, PhD, CIH, CSP, PESean Mahar, PhD, CIH, CSP, PE

Important legislationImportant legislation

• The Health and Safety at Work etc. ActThe Health and Safety at Work etc. Act

• Management of Health and Safety at WorkManagement of Health and Safety at Work

• Control of Substances Hazardous to HealthControl of Substances Hazardous to Health

• The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations Dangerous Occurrences Regulations

• Workplace health, safety and welfareWorkplace health, safety and welfare

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

• Council Directive 89/391/EECCouncil Directive 89/391/EEC• Management of Health and Safety at Management of Health and Safety at

Work 1999Work 1999• Control of Substances Hazardous to Control of Substances Hazardous to

Health 2002 (COSHH)Health 2002 (COSHH)

Hazard and RiskHazard and Risk

• Hazard:Hazard: the inherent potential to cause the inherent potential to cause harm or injuryharm or injury

• Risk:Risk: the likelihood of harm or injury the likelihood of harm or injury arising from a hazardarising from a hazard

Hazard and RiskHazard and Risk

• HazardHazard is the potential is the potential

• RiskRisk is the likelihood is the likelihood

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

Council Directive 89/391/EECCouncil Directive 89/391/EEC

Article 9Article 9,, Various obligations on Various obligations on employersemployers

The employer shall be in possession of The employer shall be in possession of an assessment of the risks to safety an assessment of the risks to safety and health at work, including those and health at work, including those facing groups of workers exposed to facing groups of workers exposed to particular risks;particular risks;

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

Management of Health and Safety at Management of Health and Safety at Work 1999 Work 1999

Regulation 3 Regulation 3 Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment,, requires employers to make a requires employers to make a suitable and sufficient assessment of suitable and sufficient assessment of risks to the health and safety of their risks to the health and safety of their employees whilst at workemployees whilst at work

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

Control of Substances Hazardous to Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 2002 (COSHH) Health 2002 (COSHH)

Regulation Regulation 66 Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment,, requires employers to make a requires employers to make a suitable and sufficient assessment of suitable and sufficient assessment of risks to the health and safety of their risks to the health and safety of their employees whilst at workemployees whilst at work

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

A "suitable and sufficient" assessment: A "suitable and sufficient" assessment:

• correctly identifies any significant correctly identifies any significant risk that is reasonably foreseeable risk that is reasonably foreseeable

• enables the assessor to decide what enables the assessor to decide what action needs to be taken, and what action needs to be taken, and what the priorities should be the priorities should be

• is appropriate for the type of activity is appropriate for the type of activity

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

• remains valid for a reasonable time remains valid for a reasonable time

• reflects what employers may reflects what employers may reasonably practicably be expected to reasonably practicably be expected to know about the risks associated with know about the risks associated with their undertaking. their undertaking.

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

It should: It should:

• disregard inconsequential risks and disregard inconsequential risks and those trivial risks associated with life those trivial risks associated with life in general in general

• determine the likelihood of injury or determine the likelihood of injury or harm arising harm arising

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

• quantify the severity of the quantify the severity of the consequences and the numbers of consequences and the numbers of people who would be affected people who would be affected

• take into account any existing control take into account any existing control measures measures

• identify any specific legal duty or identify any specific legal duty or requirement relating to the hazard requirement relating to the hazard

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

• remain valid for a reasonable period of remain valid for a reasonable period of time time

• provide sufficient information to enable provide sufficient information to enable the employer to decide upon appropriate the employer to decide upon appropriate control measures, taking into account the control measures, taking into account the latest scientific developments and latest scientific developments and advances advances

• enable the employer to prioritise remedial enable the employer to prioritise remedial measuresmeasures

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

1.1. Look for the hazards Look for the hazards

2.2. Decide who might be harmed and how Decide who might be harmed and how

3.3. Evaluate the risks and decide whether Evaluate the risks and decide whether the existing precautions are adequate or the existing precautions are adequate or whether more should be done whether more should be done

4.4. Record your findings Record your findings

5.5. Review your assessment and revise it if Review your assessment and revise it if necessary necessary

HazardHazard

• Look only for hazards which you Look only for hazards which you could reasonably expect to result in could reasonably expect to result in significant harm under the significant harm under the conditions in your workplace. conditions in your workplace.

HazardsHazards

• slipping/tripping hazards (eg poorly slipping/tripping hazards (eg poorly maintained floors or stairs) maintained floors or stairs)

• fire (eg from flammable materials)fire (eg from flammable materials)

• chemicals (eg essentail oils)chemicals (eg essentail oils)

• electricity (eg poor wiring)electricity (eg poor wiring)

• manual handlingmanual handling

• poor lightingpoor lighting

Review and revisionReview and revision

If there is any significant change, add to If there is any significant change, add to the assessment to take account of the the assessment to take account of the new hazard, eg when bringing in newnew hazard, eg when bringing in new

• machinesmachines

• substancessubstances

• proceduresprocedures

may introduce significant new hazards. may introduce significant new hazards.

Gathering informationGathering information

COSHH Risk AssessmentCOSHH Risk Assessment

The risk assessment shall include The risk assessment shall include consideration of - consideration of -

• the hazardous properties of the the hazardous properties of the substance; substance;

• information on health effects provided information on health effects provided by the supplier, including information by the supplier, including information contained in any relevant safety data contained in any relevant safety data sheet; sheet;

COSHH Risk AssessmentCOSHH Risk Assessment

• the level, type and duration of the level, type and duration of exposure; exposure;

• the circumstances of the work, the circumstances of the work, including the amount of the substance including the amount of the substance involved; involved;

• activities, such as maintenance, activities, such as maintenance, where there is the potential for a high where there is the potential for a high level of exposurelevel of exposure; ;

COSHH Risk AssessmentCOSHH Risk Assessment

• any relevant occupational exposure any relevant occupational exposure standard, maximum exposure limit or standard, maximum exposure limit or similar occupational exposure limit; similar occupational exposure limit;

• the effect of preventive and control the effect of preventive and control measures which have been or will be measures which have been or will be taken in accordance with regulation 7;taken in accordance with regulation 7;

COSHH Risk AssessmentCOSHH Risk Assessment

• in circumstances where the work will in circumstances where the work will involve exposure to more than one involve exposure to more than one substance hazardous to health, the substance hazardous to health, the risk presented by exposure to such risk presented by exposure to such substances in combination; substances in combination;

• the approved classification of any the approved classification of any biological agent; biological agent;

Gathering InformationGathering Information

• Identification of relevant hazardous Identification of relevant hazardous substances including intermediate substances including intermediate products.products.

• General sources of information - texts, General sources of information - texts, journals, microfiche and computer journals, microfiche and computer databases, HSE, trade literature, other.databases, HSE, trade literature, other.

Gathering InformationGathering Information

• Specific sources of information - data Specific sources of information - data sheets, requirement for suppliers to sheets, requirement for suppliers to provide information, The Chemicals provide information, The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002, Interpretation of Supply) Regulations 2002, Interpretation of safety data sheets. Use of specialist safety data sheets. Use of specialist advice.advice.

Gather informationGather information

TheThe hazardous substances used or produced hazardous substances used or produced (chemical, biological), including(chemical, biological), including intermediates (substances inventory). NB. intermediates (substances inventory). NB. the problem of trade names, mixtures.the problem of trade names, mixtures.

SSources of informationources of information

• HSE EH SeriesHSE EH Series• The ChemicalThe Chemical (Hazard Information and (Hazard Information and

Packaging For Supply) Regulations Packaging For Supply) Regulations 20022002

• CComputeromputer databasesdatabases• JournalsJournals• TTrade literature.rade literature.

LabelsLabels

MSDSMSDS

DatabasesDatabases

The Physical and Theoretical The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory   Chemistry Laboratory  

Oxford University Chemical and Oxford University Chemical and Other Safety InformationOther Safety Information

http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/#MSDShttp://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/#MSDS

DatabasesDatabases

University of Bristol University of Bristol School of School of Chemistry Material Safety Data Chemistry Material Safety Data

SheetsSheets

www.tlchm.bris.ac.uk/safety/msds.htmwww.tlchm.bris.ac.uk/safety/msds.htm

CHIPCHIP

The Chemicals (Hazard Information The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002Regulations 2002

• PPartart I I - - PPreliminaryreliminary • PPartart 2 - 2 - General requirementsGeneral requirements • PPartart 3 - 3 - MiscellaneousMiscellaneous

CHIP CHIP General requirementsGeneral requirements

4)4) Classification of dangerous substances Classification of dangerous substances and dangerous preparations. and dangerous preparations.

5)5) Safety data sheets for dangerous Safety data sheets for dangerous substances, dangerous preparations and substances, dangerous preparations and certain other certain other ppreparations. reparations.

6)6) Advertisements for dangerous Advertisements for dangerous substances and dangerous preparations. substances and dangerous preparations.

CHIP CHIP General requirementsGeneral requirements

7)7) Packaging of dangerous substances and Packaging of dangerous substances and dangerous preparations. dangerous preparations.

8)8) Labelling of dangerous substances and Labelling of dangerous substances and dangerous preparations. dangerous preparations.

9)9) Particular labelling requirements for Particular labelling requirements for certain preparations. certain preparations.

CHIP CHIP General requirementsGeneral requirements

10)10)Methods of marking or labelling Methods of marking or labelling packages. packages.

11)11)Child resistant fastenings, tactile warning Child resistant fastenings, tactile warning devices and other consumer protection devices and other consumer protection measures. measures.

12)12)Retention of data for dangerous Retention of data for dangerous preparations. preparations.

CHIPCHIP

www.hse.gov.uk/chip/phrases.htmwww.hse.gov.uk/chip/phrases.htm• Abbreviation/description of hazardAbbreviation/description of hazard • Risk phrasesRisk phrases • Safety phrasesSafety phrases

• SymbolsSymbols  

CHIP categoriesCHIP categories

• Physicochemical Physicochemical PropertiesProperties• Health EffectsHealth Effects• Environmental EffectsEnvironmental Effects

Explosive (E)Explosive (E)

Chemicals that explodeChemicals that explode

OOxidisingxidising (O) (O)

Chemicals that react Chemicals that react exothermically with exothermically with other chemicalsother chemicals

EExtremely xtremely FFlammablelammable (F+) (F+)

Chemicals that have an Chemicals that have an extremely low flash extremely low flash point and boiling point, point and boiling point, and gases that catch and gases that catch fire in contact with airfire in contact with air

HighlyHighly FFlammablelammable (F) (F)

Chemicals that may catch Chemicals that may catch fire in contact with air, fire in contact with air, only need brief contact only need brief contact with an ignition source, with an ignition source, have a very low flash have a very low flash point or evolve highly point or evolve highly flammable gases in flammable gases in contact with watercontact with water

Very toxicVery toxic (T+) (T+)

Substances and Substances and preparations which in preparations which in very low quantities very low quantities cause death or acute cause death or acute or chronic damage to or chronic damage to health when inhaled, health when inhaled, swallowed or swallowed or absorbed via the skin.absorbed via the skin.

TToxicoxic (T) (T)

Substances and Substances and preparations which in preparations which in low quantities cause low quantities cause death or acute or death or acute or chronic damage to chronic damage to health when inhaled, health when inhaled, swallowed or swallowed or absorbed via the skin.absorbed via the skin.

HarmfulHarmful (Xn) (Xn)

Substances and Substances and preparations which preparations which may cause death or may cause death or acute or chronic acute or chronic damage to health damage to health when inhaled, when inhaled, swallowed or swallowed or absorbed via the skinabsorbed via the skin..

SensitisingSensitising (Xi, Xn) (Xi, Xn)

Substances and preparations which, if Substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or if they they are inhaled or if they penetrate the skin, are capable of penetrate the skin, are capable of eliciting a reaction by eliciting a reaction by hypersensitization such that on hypersensitization such that on further exposure to the substance further exposure to the substance or preparation, characteristic or preparation, characteristic adverse effects are produced.adverse effects are produced.

DDangerous for the environmentangerous for the environment (N) (N)

Substances and preparations Substances and preparations which, were they to enter which, were they to enter into the environment, into the environment, would present or might would present or might present an immediate or present an immediate or delayed danger for one or delayed danger for one or more components of the more components of the environmentenvironment..

Physicochemical Physicochemical PropertiesProperties

ExplosiveExplosive can explode can explode

OOxidisingxidising react exothermically with other react exothermically with other chemicalschemicals

EExtremely flammablextremely flammable extremely low flash extremely low flash point and boiling point, and gases that point and boiling point, and gases that catch fire in contact with aircatch fire in contact with air

Physicochemical Physicochemical PropertiesProperties

HHighly flammable ighly flammable may catch fire in may catch fire in contact with air, only need brief contact contact with air, only need brief contact with an ignition source, have a very low with an ignition source, have a very low flash point or evolve highly flammable flash point or evolve highly flammable gases in contact with watergases in contact with water

HealthHealth

VVery toxicery toxic cause damage to health at cause damage to health at very low levels very low levels

ToxicToxic cause damage to health at low cause damage to health at low levelslevels

CarcinogenCarcinogen may cause cancer or may cause cancer or increase its incidenceincrease its incidence

HealthHealth

MutagenMutagen induce heritable genetic defects induce heritable genetic defects or increase their incidenceor increase their incidence

Reproductive ToxinReproductive Toxin produce or increase produce or increase the incidence of non-heritable effects the incidence of non-heritable effects in progeny and/or an impairment in in progeny and/or an impairment in reproductive functions or capacityreproductive functions or capacity

HealthHealth

HHarmfularmful may cause damage to health may cause damage to health

CorrosiveCorrosive may destroy living tissue on contact may destroy living tissue on contact

IIrritantrritant may cause inflammation to the skin or may cause inflammation to the skin or other mucous membranesother mucous membranes

Sensitiser Sensitiser capable of eliciting a reaction by capable of eliciting a reaction by hypersensitizationhypersensitization

EnvironmentEnvironment

Dangerous for the environmentDangerous for the environment present present or might present an immediate or or might present an immediate or delayed danger for one or more delayed danger for one or more components of the environmentcomponents of the environment

CHIP Risk PhrasesCHIP Risk Phrases

• R1R1 Explosive when dryExplosive when dry• R11 Highly flammableR11 Highly flammable• R21 Harmful in contact with skinR21 Harmful in contact with skin• R25 Toxic if swallowedR25 Toxic if swallowed• R36 Irritating to eyesR36 Irritating to eyes• R41 Risk of serious damage to eyesR41 Risk of serious damage to eyes• R68 Possible risk of irreversible effectsR68 Possible risk of irreversible effects

CHIP Risk PhrasesCHIP Risk Phrases

• R48 Danger of serious damage to health R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposureby prolonged exposure

• R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalationthrough inhalation

• R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skinthrough inhalation and in contact with skin

CHIP Risk PhrasesCHIP Risk Phrases

• R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowedwith skin and if swallowed

• R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if exposure through inhalation and if swallowedswallowed

CHIP Risk PhrasesCHIP Risk Phrases

• R20 Harmful by inhalationR20 Harmful by inhalation• R21 Harmful in contact with skinR21 Harmful in contact with skin• R22 Harmful if swallowedR22 Harmful if swallowed

InhalationInhalation

R20 Harmful by R20 Harmful by inhalationinhalation

R23 Toxic by R23 Toxic by inhalationinhalation

R26 Very toxic by R26 Very toxic by inhalationinhalation

Skin ContactSkin Contact

R21 Harmful in R21 Harmful in contact with skincontact with skin

R24 R24 Toxic in Toxic in contact with skincontact with skin

R27 Very toxic in R27 Very toxic in contact with skincontact with skin

IngestionIngestion

R22 Harmful if R22 Harmful if swallowedswallowed

R25 Toxic if R25 Toxic if swallowedswallowed

R28 Very toxic if R28 Very toxic if swallowedswallowed

CHIP Safety PhrasesCHIP Safety Phrases

• S1 Keep locked upS1 Keep locked up• S24 Avoid contact with skin S24 Avoid contact with skin • S25 Avoid contact with eyesS25 Avoid contact with eyes• S37 Wear suitable gloves S37 Wear suitable gloves • S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by S50 Do not mix with ... (to be specified by

the manufacturer) the manufacturer) • S64 If swallowed, rinse mouth with water S64 If swallowed, rinse mouth with water

(only if the person is conscious)(only if the person is conscious)

Gather informationGather information

• RecommendeRecommendedd operating operating practices and practices and precautionary precautionary measuresmeasures

Gather informationGather information

• EEngineeringngineering controlcontrolss

• PPersonal ersonal protective protective equipmentequipment..

Gather informationGather information

• Foreseeable Foreseeable mishaps / mishaps / emergencies.emergencies.

Who might be harmed?Who might be harmed?

• office staffoffice staff

• patientspatients

• maintenance personnelmaintenance personnel

• people sharing your workplacepeople sharing your workplace

• operatorsoperators

• cleanerscleaners

• members of the public members of the public

Who might be harmed?Who might be harmed?

Pay particular attention to:Pay particular attention to:

• staff with disabilitiesstaff with disabilities

• visitorsvisitors

• inexperienced staffinexperienced staff

• lone workerslone workers

as they may be more vulnerableas they may be more vulnerable

Assess the health risk(s)Assess the health risk(s)

Assess the health risk(s)Assess the health risk(s)

Slightly Slightly HarmfulHarmful

HarmfulHarmful Extremely Extremely HarmfulHarmful

Highly Highly UnlikelyUnlikely

TRIVIAL RISKTRIVIAL RISK TOLERABLE TOLERABLE RISKRISK

MODERATE MODERATE RISKRISK

UnlikelyUnlikely TOLERABLE TOLERABLE RISKRISK

MODERATE MODERATE RISKRISK

SUBSTANTIAL SUBSTANTIAL RISKRISK

LikelyLikely MODERATE MODERATE RISKRISK

SUBSTANTIAL SUBSTANTIAL RISKRISK

INTOLERABLE INTOLERABLE RISKRISK

Specify any action requiredSpecify any action required

Specify any action requiredSpecify any action required

• AAdditional control measuresdditional control measures

Is more needed to control the risk?Is more needed to control the risk?

For the hazards listed, do the For the hazards listed, do the precautions already taken:precautions already taken:

• meet the legal requirements?meet the legal requirements?

• comply with a industry standards?comply with a industry standards?

• represent good practice?represent good practice?

• reduce risk as far as reasonably reduce risk as far as reasonably practicable? practicable?

Is more needed to control the risk?Is more needed to control the risk?

Have you provided:Have you provided:

• adequate information, instruction or adequate information, instruction or training?training?

• adequate systems or procedures?adequate systems or procedures?

If so, then the risks are adequately If so, then the risks are adequately controlled, but you need to indicate the controlled, but you need to indicate the precautions you have in place. precautions you have in place.

Is more needed to control the risk?Is more needed to control the risk?

Where the risk is not adequately Where the risk is not adequately controlled, indicate what more you controlled, indicate what more you need to do (the 'action list')need to do (the 'action list')

Hierarchy of Control

PPEPPE

AdministerAdminister

EngineerEngineer

SubstituteSubstitute

EliminateEliminate

COSHH ControlCOSHH Control

Regulation 7Regulation 7

Prevention or control of exposure to Prevention or control of exposure to substances hazardous to healthsubstances hazardous to health

COSHH COSHH Regulation 7Regulation 7

SSubstitution shall ubstitution shall by preference by preference be undertakenbe undertaken

COSHH COSHH Regulation 7Regulation 7

the design and use of the design and use of appropriate work appropriate work processes, systems and processes, systems and engineering controlsengineering controls and the provision and and the provision and use of suitable work use of suitable work equipment and equipment and materials; materials;

COSHH COSHH Regulation 7Regulation 7

the control of the control of exposure at exposure at sourcesource, including , including adequate ventilation adequate ventilation systems and systems and appropriate appropriate organisational organisational measuresmeasures; ;

COSHH COSHH Regulation 7Regulation 7

wwhere adequate control here adequate control of exposure cannot be of exposure cannot be achieved by other achieved by other means, the provision means, the provision of suitable personal of suitable personal protective equipment protective equipment

Record the risk assessmentRecord the risk assessment

Record your findingsRecord your findings

Risk assessments must be suitable Risk assessments must be suitable and sufficient. You need to be able to and sufficient. You need to be able to show:show:

• a proper check was madea proper check was made

• you asked who might be affectedyou asked who might be affected

Record your findingsRecord your findings

• you dealt with all the obvious you dealt with all the obvious significant hazards, taking into significant hazards, taking into account the number of people who account the number of people who could be involved the precautions could be involved the precautions are reasonable, and the remaining are reasonable, and the remaining risk is low. risk is low.

Record your findingsRecord your findings

Keep the written record for future Keep the written record for future reference or use; its required if you reference or use; its required if you employ five or more people and can employ five or more people and can help you if an inspector asks what help you if an inspector asks what precautions you have taken, or if you precautions you have taken, or if you become involved in any action or civil become involved in any action or civil liability. It can also remind you to keep liability. It can also remind you to keep an eye on particular hazards and an eye on particular hazards and precautions.precautions.

Review the Risk AssessmentReview the Risk Assessment

Review the Risk AssessmentReview the Risk Assessment

planplan

dodo

actact checkcheck

Review and revisionReview and revision

Set a date for review of the Set a date for review of the assessment.assessment.

On review check that the precautions On review check that the precautions for each hazard still adequately for each hazard still adequately control the risk. If not indicate the control the risk. If not indicate the action needed. Note the outcome. If action needed. Note the outcome. If necessary complete a new page for necessary complete a new page for your risk assessment.your risk assessment.

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR)Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR)

Persons responsible for the activities of Persons responsible for the activities of people at work must reportpeople at work must report: :

• fatal accidents fatal accidents • major injury accidents/conditions major injury accidents/conditions • dangerous occurrences dangerous occurrences • accidents causing more than three days' accidents causing more than three days'

incapacity for work incapacity for work • certain work-related diseases certain work-related diseases • certain matters dealing with the safe supply certain matters dealing with the safe supply

of gas.of gas.

RIDDORRIDDOR

Major Injury Accidents/Conditions:Major Injury Accidents/Conditions:

• fracture other than to fingers, thumbs or toes;fracture other than to fingers, thumbs or toes;

• amputation;amputation;

• dislocation of the shoulder, hip, knee or dislocation of the shoulder, hip, knee or spine;spine;

• loss of sight (temporary or permanent);loss of sight (temporary or permanent);

• chemical or hot metal burn to the eye or any chemical or hot metal burn to the eye or any penetrating injury to the eye; penetrating injury to the eye;

RIDDORRIDDOR

Major Injury Accidents/Conditions:Major Injury Accidents/Conditions: • injury resulting from an electric shock or injury resulting from an electric shock or

electrical burn leading to unconsciousness or electrical burn leading to unconsciousness or requiring resuscitation or admittance to requiring resuscitation or admittance to hospital for more than 24 hours;hospital for more than 24 hours;

• any other injury: leading to hypothermia, any other injury: leading to hypothermia, heat-induced illness or unconsciousness; or heat-induced illness or unconsciousness; or requiring resuscitation; or requiring requiring resuscitation; or requiring admittance to hospital for more than 24 admittance to hospital for more than 24 hours; hours;

RIDDORRIDDOR

• unconsciousness caused by asphyxia or unconsciousness caused by asphyxia or exposure to harmful substance or biological exposure to harmful substance or biological agent; agent;

• acute illness requiring medical treatment, or acute illness requiring medical treatment, or loss of consciousness arising from absorption loss of consciousness arising from absorption of any substance by inhalation, ingestion or of any substance by inhalation, ingestion or through the skin; through the skin;

• acute illness requiring medical treatment acute illness requiring medical treatment where there is reason to believe that this where there is reason to believe that this resulted from exposure to a biological agent or resulted from exposure to a biological agent or its toxins or infected material.its toxins or infected material.

RIDDORRIDDOR

Accidents which Cause more than Three Accidents which Cause more than Three Consecutive Days' Incapacity for Work Consecutive Days' Incapacity for Work

• if there is an accident connected with work if there is an accident connected with work (including an act of physical violence) and (including an act of physical violence) and your employee, or a self-employed person your employee, or a self-employed person working on your premises, suffers an over-working on your premises, suffers an over-three-day injury you must report it to the three-day injury you must report it to the enforcing authority within ten days. enforcing authority within ten days.

RIDDORRIDDOR

Accidents which Cause more than Three Accidents which Cause more than Three Consecutive Days' Incapacity for Work Consecutive Days' Incapacity for Work

• An over-three-day injury is one which is not An over-three-day injury is one which is not major but results in the injured person being major but results in the injured person being away from work or unable to do their normal away from work or unable to do their normal work for more than three days (including any work for more than three days (including any days they would not normally be expected to days they would not normally be expected to work such as weekends, rest days or work such as weekends, rest days or holidays) not counting the day of the injury holidays) not counting the day of the injury itself.itself.

Health and Safety (First-Aid) Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981Regulations 1981

Duties specified Duties specified

• employer to provide first aid employer to provide first aid

• employer to inform employees of the first employer to inform employees of the first aid arrangements aid arrangements

• self-employed person to provide first aid self-employed person to provide first aid equipment.equipment.

Health and Safety (First-Aid) Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981Regulations 1981

Travelling First Aid Kits Travelling First Aid Kits

• Minimum quatities: Minimum quatities:

• general guidance leaflet on first aid general guidance leaflet on first aid

• 6 adhesive dressings 6 adhesive dressings

• 1 large sterile unmedicated dressing 1 large sterile unmedicated dressing

• 2 triangular bandages 2 triangular bandages

• 2 safety pins 2 safety pins

• individually wrapped moist cleansing wipes individually wrapped moist cleansing wipes

• 1 pair of disposable gloves.1 pair of disposable gloves.