Roca, Villares, Fernandez - Littoral 2010 (Education Centre)
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Dealing with conflicts between conservation and
socioeconomic activities.A social perception study in the Costa Brava, Spain.
Elisabet Roca, Mriam Villares, Elisabeth Fernndez
Laboratori dEstudis Socials de lEnginyeria Civil
Laboratori dEstudis Socials de lEnginyeria Civil
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Contents
1. The context: New conservation plans and the
reappearance of old conflicts.
2. Goals, approach and methodology
3. The case study: A conflict analysis in Costa
Brava.4. The results: Background of the conflict
5. The results: Stakeholders identification
6. The results: Public perceptions
/. Conclusions: Lights and shadows of the conflict .
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Source: Territorial Plan of Empord. 2006.
AreasofspecialinterestPlan
Nature 2000 Net
Public forest
Wetlands
Geozones
1. The context: The policy conservation
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1. The context: Ecological connectorsamongnaturalareas
Planofareasofspecialinterest
Riverconnectors
Terrestrial connectors
Dificulty ofconnexion
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1. The context:Conflictsarisen
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1. The context:Conflictsarisen
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Planofareasofspecialinterest
Riverconnectors
Terrestrial connectors
Dificulty ofconnexion
1. The context:Conflictsarisen
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2. Objective
The main objective is to explore public perceptionsrelated to this intervention in order to clarify the maincauses of social rejection.
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1. local documents and press reviews
2. 15 In-depth interview to key stakholders:
Values of the protected area
Uses and activities inside and outside
Level of conservation
Current state of the designated area and its historical evolution
Principal problems
Solutions proposed
The opinion on the project
The role of the administration on conservation policy
2. Methods
Stakeholdersidentificationand theirrelationships
Reconstructionofthe conflictbackground
Perceptionanalysis
Lightsand shadowsonthe conflict
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3. Thestudy area
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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3. Thestudy area: Ecosystemfunctions
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4. Background ofthe conflict
Early seventies: a macro housing
development in the wetland was proposed
1977 Social movement against the plan
1978 Invalidation of the urban plan
1983, the Parliament of Catalonia approvedthe Law 21/1983 of October 28th and
declared Els Aiguamolls de l'Empord a
Natural Area of National Interest and
Zoological and Botanical Integral Reserve. 2008 New proposal to extend the park
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4. Background ofthe conflict
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6. Public perceptionanalysis
AgricultureSectorperspective
One of the most affected sectors and probably the most reluctantto the Natural Park.
Sector greatly affected by processes beyond the local scale so
they sees the park as an obstacle to developing their business
A loss of a future opportunity to change their land uses to other
more economically profitable. They blame the park to contribute to the deterioration of the
quality and balance of its natural systems: reintroduction of
species, the water management, the limitation on certain crops
or hunting restrictions.
Solution requires dialogue, collaboration and they defend a newappreciation of farmers. Beyond their productive activity, they
claim a higher valuation of their role in the protection of
landscape and the function of ecological and territorial
connectivity.
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Touristsectorperspective
Acknowledgement of the need to maintain environmental quality,which largely favors the attraction of tourists.
this sector has the perception that the park's conservation policy
is at the expense of limiting and reducing its activity and thus
compromising their future.
They claim recognition that their activity also contributes to theprotection of the area, both because they develop a soft activity
on the territory as well as attracting a type of conscious and
responsible tourist.
6. Public perceptionanalysis
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Localauthorities
There is a shared vision: the park has been an island inside theregion
Blame the park for this situation by its strict conservation policyand the lack of dialogue and participation.
Recognition that they have lived with their back turned to thepark. It has essentially opted for a sun and sand tourism and has
not been able to find synergies with other forms of tourism thatwould go to the park searching nature.
6. Public perceptionanalysis
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7. Lightsand shadowsonthe conflict
The conflict of interest between conservation and developmentisaccentuated inthe coastalareabecause of the highcompetence of uses.
Since the origin of the designation Aiguamolls de l'Empord as aprotected area in 1983, therelationshipswith the park hasbeenvery complicated.
The pastmanagementof the park was carried out in anisolated way, excluding the rest of the territory. This fact has
generated suspicion and rejection of future actions. The historical ineffectiveness of the anaging Board have
fuelled the conflict.
It is necessary to look for capabilities to combine attractives andcomplicitiesbetweenthemodelofsunand sand tourismand eco-tourism, both present in the area but which ignore
each other. A management model that encourages participation anddialogue and a stable and continuous cooperation of thedifferent agents in the territory. This has to facilitate greaterintegration of socio-economic activities in a setting with greatenvironmental values.
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Thank you!
www.itt.upc.edu/lesec/
Elisabet.roca@upc.edu
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Lanlisi dels sistemes costaners
Economics
Demography
Biology
Ecology
Landscape
PlanningGoverance
2
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