Risk Reduction and Management

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RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

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Official name: Republic of the Philippines ( in Filipino, Republika ng Pilipinas)

Capital: Manila

Area: 300, 000 sq km

116, 000 sq miPopulation: 97.6 million as of January 2012

Official languages: Filipino (based on Tagalog), English

Coastlines: 36, 000 kilometers, the longest coastlines in the world.

Bounded by three large bodies of water:

On the west and north > South China Sea (West Philippine Sea)On the east > Pacific Ocean

On the south > Celebes Sea and the Coastal waters of Borneo

The Philippines is an archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia, comprising 7, 107

islands, spanning 1, 840 kms. from north to south.

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TOPOGRAPHY

Large mountainous terrain, narrow coastal

plains and interior valleys and plains makeup the countrys topography.

Three major island groups: Luzon, Visayas

and Mindanao

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LuzonLargest island group with 141, 000 sq. kms.

the most mountainous with extensive valleys and plains

running through its interiors

Three major mountain ranges in the area: the Sierra Madre,

the Central Cordillera and the Caraballo Mountains

The southern portion of the island has a dominantly

volcanic topography with ridges and valleys of gentle slopeand generally accordant drainage

Active volcanoes such as Mt Pinatubo, Mayon Volcano and

Mt Bulusan are found in this group of islands

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Mindanaosecond largest island with 102,000 sq. kms.

has diverse structural elements and different forms

of physiographic development including fault blockmountains, volcanic peaks, uplifted plateaus, low flat

basins, a notable fault zone which also cuts through

Luzon and Visayas, fissure low masses, and incised

valleys and canyons.

Major mountain ranges: the Eastern or Pacific

Cordillera, the Bukidnon- Davao Range.

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ClimateThe Philippines has a tropical climate

Tag-initor Tag-araw(the hot season or summer from March to May),

Tag-ulan (the rainy season from June to November), and

Taglamig (the cold season from December to February)

Mean annual temperature is 26.6C

28.3C during summer months

25.5C during rainy months

Rainfall is the most important climatic element in the Philippines.Rainfall distribution throughout the country varies from one region to

another, depending upon the direction of the moisture-bearing winds

and the location of the mountain systems.

Mean annual rainfall varies from 965 to 4,064 millimeters annually

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The Philippines as a

Disaster-ProneCountry

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The Philippine Islands are part of the so-called Ring of Fire, anarea encircling the Pacific Ocean where earthquakes andvolcanic activity result from the movements of tectonicplates, or segments of Earths crust.

Surrounded by two major plates: Eurasian and Pacific300 volcanoes, 22 as activeaverage of 20 quakes per day

average of 20 typhoons a year, five (5) of these are

destructive

36, 289 kms of coastline vulnerable to tsunami

From 1970-2006, annual average direct damage to disastersranged from PHP 5 Billion to PHP 15 Billion, indirect andsecondary affect further increase this cost.

Cost of direct damage is equivalent to more than 0.5 % of thenational GDP

Annual average casualties due to natural disasters 972

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Five (5) Common

Disasters in the

Philippines

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Typhoon strong winds and heavy rains

Flooding

Landslides Thunderstorms

Electrocution due to damaged power lines

and cables

Storm surges

Health problems

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Ground shaking

Ground rupturing

Tsunami

Liquefaction

Landslides

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Fire Burns

Choking

Explosion

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Volcanic eruption

Ash flow

Ash fall

Landslide

Volcanic tsunami

Lava flow

Mud flow

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Drought

Food scarcity

Increased crime rates

Malnutrition

Health problems

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OVERVIEW OFPHILIPPINE DISASTER

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

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PD 1566 (June 11, 1978)

Strengthening the Philippine

Disaster Control Capability and

Establishing the National

Program on Community

Disaster Preparedness

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Sec. 1. Declaration of Policies

Responsibility for leadership rests on the provincial governor, city

mayors, and municipal mayors, (and barangay chairman), each according tohis area of responsibility.

The primary responsibility rests on the government agencies in the affectedareas in coordination with the people themselves.

Self-reliance shall developed by promoting and encouraging the spirit ofself-help and mutual assistance among the local officials and theirconstituents.

The national government exists to support the local governments in timesof emergencies and according to their level of assignment; all nationalgovernment offices in the field shall support the operations of the localgovernment.

It is responsibility of all government departments, bureaus, agencies andinstrumentalities to have documented plans of their emergency functionsand activities.

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Republic Act No. 10121

An act strengthening the Philippine

disaster risk reduction and management

system, providing for the nationaldisaster risk reduction and management

framework and institutionalizing the

national disaster risk reduction andmanagement plan, appropriating funds

therefore and for other purposes.

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DCC ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

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ORGANIZATION OF THE DCC

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National Disaster Coordinating Council

DND Chairman

Members:

Interior and Local Government Public Works and Highways

Health Social Welfare

Agriculture Education

Finance Labor and Employment

Trade and Industry Transportation and Communication

Science and Technology Budget

Justice Environment and Natural Resources

Philippine Information Agency Sec. Gen., Philippine National Red Cross

Chief Staff, Armed Forces of the Philippines

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Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)

Department of Tourism (DOT)

Director-General, National Economic andDevelopment Administration (NEDA)

Office of the Press Secretary

Presidential Management Staff

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NDCC's Comprehensive Emergency

Management Framework

Mitigation

Preparedness

Response

Rehabilitation

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DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

AND MANAGEMENTPRINCIPLES AND TRENDS

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Principles Disaster management is the responsibility of all

spheres of government.

Disaster management should use resources that

exist for a day-to-day purpose.

Organizations should function as an extension of

their core business.

Individuals are responsible for their own safety.

Disaster management planning should focus on

large-scale events.

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Disaster management planning should recognize

the difference between incidents and disasters. Disaster management operational arrangements

are additional to and do not replace incident

management operational arrangements. Disaster management planning must take account

of the type of physical environment and the

structure of the population. Disaster management arrangements must recognize

the involvement and potential role of non-

government agencies.

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Trends The Overall Number of People Affected by Disasters

Is Rising

The Number of People Killed in Disasters Worldwide

is falling

Overall, Disasters Are Becoming More Costly

Poor Countries Are Disproportionately Affected by

Disaster Consequences

The Number of Disasters Is Increasing Each Year

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REFERENCES:

A. Book

Viray, Firma C. et al.2011.National Service Training Program II. Malabon City: Mutya Publishing House, Inc.

B. Websites

http://www.clarksubicmarketing.com/special_events/disaster_preparedness_seminar_philippines.html

http://www.concernusa.org/media/pdf/2007/10/Concern_ApproachestoDRR%20paper%20-%20final.pdf

http://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/statistics/risk.php?iso=PHL http://www.adrc.asia/aboutus/vrdata/countryreport/josefina2009_cr.pdf

http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2008/ra_9512_2008.html

http://www.prudentpressagency.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=990

http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/ad695e/ad695e02.htm

http://housewares.about.com/od/homeessentials/qt/emerghswr_RO.htm

http://www.preventionweb.net/files/9265_philippines.pdf

http://www.eastwestcenter.org/events-pr-detail.asp?press_ID=508

http://www.redcross.org.ph/sas Microsoft Encarta 2009. 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.