Rise of European Empires

RISE OF EUROPEAN EMPIRESChapter 9 Sec. 3-4

MANORIAL SYSTEM Economic system within the feudal system. Each Lord owned a piece of land.

The land was called a manor. Within this manor every aspect had a role:

Church- church services, baptism, marriages. Farmland- food that was raised. Pasture- was used for feeding livestock. Forests- used for hunting and wood. Village:

Peasant huts Provided services Provided crafts.

MIDDLE AGES TIMELINE: 500-1500 C.E.

Dark Ages

Early Middle Ages

High Middle AgesEnd of Middle Ages

LIFE DURING THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES People only lived up to the age of 30. EVERYBODY was religious. If you were a warrior:

You protected your lord Then fought for the church.

Art would only be about glorifying God. One of the only architecture built during this

time were Cathedrals. Examples: Chartres and Notre Dame.

NOTRE DAME

THE MAGNA CARTA, 1215 King John of England.

He ignored every law there was.

Lords made war with him.

He was defeated and forced to sign the Magna Carta.

The Magna Carta limited the power of the King’s The basis of England’s constitution.

EFFECTS OF MAGNA CARTA English legal system:

Common Law- Judges made law.

Circuit courts.

Trial by jury.

Habeas Corpus- judges could overrule the king.

An independent judiciary- Judges are independent to the king.

THE CRUSADES The Crusades were expeditions were the Holy

Land (Jerusalem) were to be taken back from the infidels (non-believers).

Seljuk Turks (Muslims) moved into Constantinople. Byzantine Empire didn’t like that. They asked for help.

Pope Urban II united Christians to fight Serfs made up the majority.

They lost. And lost again, and again, and again. A total of four Crusades were unsuccessful.

BYZANTINE EMPIRE

EFFECTS FROM THE CRUSADES Trust was lost in the church.

Lords left and sold their lands. Feudal system broke down.

Relationship between Jews and Christians was damaged.

Italian port cities became VERY rich and powerful.