Review. a. They both decrease. b. They both stay the same. c. They both increase. d. Temperature increases and pressure decreases.

Plate TectonicsReview

1) As depth under Earth’s crust increases, what happens to the temperature and pressure of Earth’s layers?

a. They both decrease.

b. They both stay the same.

c. They both increase.d. Temperature increases and pressure

decreases.

1) As depth under Earth’s crust increases, what happens to the temperature and pressure of Earth’s layers?

a. They both decrease.

b. They both stay the same.

c. They both increase.d. Temperature increases and pressure

decreases.

2) The longest chain of mountains in the world is known as the __.

a. Oceanic Range

b. Mid-Ocean Ridge

c. Ring of Fire

d. The Pacific Ridge

2) The longest chain of mountains in the world is known as the __.

a. Oceanic Range

b. Mid-Ocean Ridge

c. Ring of Fire

d. The Pacific Ridge

3) What has the greatest effect on plate movement?

a. density and convection

b. size and convection

c. density and composition

d. temperature and composition

3) What has the greatest effect on plate movement?

a. density and convection

b. size and convection

c. density and composition

d. temperature and composition

4) The deeper into the Earth you travel, the __ the material becomes.

a. more porous

b. less porous

c. less dense

d. more dense

4) The deeper into the Earth you travel, the __ the material becomes.

a. more porous

b. less porous

c. less dense

d. more dense

5) The deepest layer of the Earth that humans have drilled to is the __.

a. outer core

b. asthenosphere

c. mantle

d. crust

5) The deepest layer of the Earth that humans have drilled to is the __.

a. outer core

b. asthenosphere

c. mantle

d. crust

6) In which of Earth’s layers are convection currents believed to be flowing?

a. lithosphere

b. asthenosphere

c. outer core

d. oceanic crust

6) In which of Earth’s layers are convection currents believed to be flowing?

a. lithosphere

b. asthenosphere

c. outer core

d. oceanic crust

7) The process that continually adds crust to the ocean floor is called __.

a. sea-floor spreading

b. continental drift

c. trench making

d. subduction

7) The process that continually adds crust to the ocean floor is called __.

a. sea-floor spreading

b. continental drift

c. trench making

d. subduction

8) Which statement about Pangaea is TRUE? (HINT: landmass created from continents being joined together)

a. Pangaea was made of oceanic crust only.b. Pangaea was made of all the Earth’s

tectonic plates.

c. Pangaea contained continental crust only.d. Pangaea contained both continental and

oceanic crust.

8) Which statement about Pangaea is TRUE? (HINT: landmass created from continents being joined together)

a. Pangaea was made of oceanic crust only.b. Pangaea was made of all the Earth’s

tectonic plates.

c. Pangaea contained continental crust

only.d. Pangaea contained both continental and

oceanic crust.

9) What have scientists used to gain information about Earth’s interior?

a. satellite images from GPS

b. seismic waves from earthquakes

c. fossil evidence in the fossil record

d. lava pillows found at the mid-ocean

ridge

9) What have scientists used to gain information about Earth’s interior?

a. satellite images from GPS

b. seismic waves from earthquakes

c. fossil evidence in the fossil record

d. lava pillows found at the mid-ocean

ridge

10) What landform is most likely to form when two continental plates collide?

a. the rift valley

b. a deep ocean trench

c. the mid-ocean ridge

d. a mountain range

10) What landform is most likely to form when two continental plates collide?

a. the rift valley

b. a deep ocean trench

c. the mid-ocean ridge

d. a mountain range

11) Name the layers of the Earth from hottest to coolest.

a. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b. inner core, mantle, crust, outer core

c. inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

d. crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

11) Name the layers of the Earth from hottest to coolest.

a. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b. inner core, mantle, crust, outer core

c. inner core, outer core, mantle,

crust

d. crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

12) Which is an accurate description of Earth’s inner core?

a. a dense ball of solid metal

b. a layer of molten rock

c. a fluid sphere of liquid metal

d. a thin layer of solid rock

12) Which is an accurate description of Earth’s inner core?

a. a dense ball of solid metal

b. a layer of molten rock

c. a fluid sphere of liquid metal

d. a thin layer of solid rock

13) What stress force creates a divergent boundary? (HINT: )

a. deformation

b. compression

c. shearing

d. tension

13) What stress force creates a divergent boundary? (HINT: )

a. deformation

b. compression

c. shearing

d. tension

14) When heat is transferred through a fluid, __ occurs.

a. conduction

b. convection

c. revolution

d. radiation

14) When heat is transferred through a fluid, __ occurs.

a. conduction

b. convection

c. revolution

d. radiation

15) In the picture below, the ocean floor is sinking through a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle. What is this process called?

a. subduction

b. convection

c. reduction

d. sinkalation

15) In the picture below, the ocean floor is sinking through a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle. What is this process called?

a. subduction

b. convection

c. reduction

d. sinkalation

16) What is the main type of rock that makes up the oceanic crust?

a. obsidian

b. granite

c. basalt

d. pumice

16) What is the main type of rock that makes up the oceanic crust?

a. obsidian

b. granite

c. basalt ocean = SALT

water

d. pumice

17) What happens between oceanic crust and continental crust at a subduction zone?

a. the less dense oceanic crust rises above the more dense continental crust

b. the equally dense oceanic and continental crusts collide and form mountains

c. the equally dense oceanic and continental crusts both sink and form magma

d. the more dense oceanic crust sinks under the less dense continental crust

17) What happens between oceanic crust and continental crust at a subduction zone?

a. the less dense oceanic crust rises above the more dense continental crust

b. the equally dense oceanic and continental crusts collide and form mountains

c. the equally dense oceanic and continental crusts both sink and form magma

d. the more dense oceanic crust sinks under the less dense continental crust

Oceanic vs. Continental

18) Most geologists believe that the movement of the Earth’s plates is caused

by __ in the __.

a. gravity, mantle

b. subduction, deep ocean trenches

c. convection currents, asthenosphere

d. magnetic fields, inner core

18) Most geologists believe that the movement of the Earth’s plates is caused by __ in the __.

a. gravity, mantle

b. subduction, deep ocean trenches

c. convection currents,

asthenosphere

d. magnetic fields, inner core

19) What theory states that lithospheric plates are in constant slow motion driven by convection currents in the asthenosphere?

a. Continental drift

b. Plate tectonics

c. Law of Superposition

d. Newton’s laws of motion

19) What theory states that lithospheric plates are in constant slow motion driven by convection currents in the asthenosphere?

a. Continental drift

b. Plate tectonics

c. Law of Superposition

d. Newton’s laws of motion

19) What theory states that lithospheric plates are in constant slow motion driven by convection currents in the asthenosphere?

a. Continental drift

b. Plate tectonics

c. Law of Superposition

d. Newton’s laws of motion

20) What type of boundary exists between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate?

a. convergent boundary

b. divergent boundary

c. transform boundary

d. fault boundary

20) What type of boundary exists between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate?

a. convergent boundary

b. divergent boundary

c. transform boundary

d. fault boundary

21) What type of stress causes plates to converge (collide)?

a. tension

b. compression

c. shearing

d. tearing

21) What type of stress causes plates to converge (collide)?

a. tension

b. compression

c. shearing

d. tearing

22) Where is new crust forming in this diagram?

a. C

b. B

c. A

d. all of

these

22) Where is new crust forming in this diagram?

a. C (mid-ocean

ridge)

b. B

c. A

d. all of these

23) Starting from Earth’s surface, what is the correct order of Earth’s layers?

a. crust, outer core, mantle, inner core

b. crust, mantle, inner core, outer core

c. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d. crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

23) Starting from Earth’s surface, what is the correct order of Earth’s layers?

a. crust, outer core, mantle, inner core

b. crust, mantle, inner core, outer core

c. crust, mantle, outer core, inner

core

d. crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

24) Why was Wegener’s theory of continental drift originally rejected by scientists?

a. He used too many pieces of evidence.

b. He could not explain how the continents

moved.

c. He was a meteorologist.

d. He was only interested reconstructing Pangaea.

24) Why was Wegener’s theory of continental drift originally rejected by scientists?

a. He used too many pieces of evidence.

b. He could not explain how the continents

moved.

c. He was a meteorologist.

d. He was only interested reconstructing Pangaea.

25) Where do faults normally occur?

a. at plate boundaries

b. at hot spots

c. along the equator

d. in the arctic

25) Where do faults normally occur?

a. at plate boundaries

b. at hot spots

c. along the equator

d. in the arctic

26) Where are mountain chains (that are NON-VOLCANIC) most likely to occur?

a. between two colliding continental plates

b. between two colliding oceanic plates

c. between an oceanic and continental

plate

d. in the middle of a continental plate

26) Where are mountain chains (that are NON-VOLCANIC) most likely to occur?

a. between two colliding continental

plates

b. between two colliding oceanic plates

c. between an oceanic and continental

plate

d. in the middle of a continental plate

Non-volcanic Mountain Formation

27) Why is the inner core a solid, even though it has temperatures hot enough to melt it?

a. Earth’s magnetic field keeps it solid.

b. The outer core keeps the inner core cool.c. The pressure from the layers above it

keeps it solid.d. The presence of iron and nickel prevent it

from melting.

27) Why is the inner core a solid, even though it has temperatures hot enough to melt it?

a. Earth’s magnetic field keeps it solid.

b. The outer core keeps the inner core cool.c. The pressure from the layers above

it keeps it solid.d. The presence of iron and nickel prevent it

from melting.

28) How can geologists tell if a volcanic is likely to erupt?

a. Many small earthquakes will be detected in the area near the volcano.

b. Birds will begin to fly away from the opening of the volcano.

c. People living near the volcano will begin to grow sick.

d. The area near the volcano will receive heavy rain for a week before it erupts.

28) How can geologists tell if a volcanic is likely to erupt?

a. Many small earthquakes will be detected in the area near the volcano.

b. Birds will begin to fly away from the opening of the volcano.

c. People living near the volcano will begin to grow sick.

d. The area near the volcano will receive heavy rain for a week before it erupts.

29) Besides deep ocean trenches, what other landform can be created when oceanic and continental plates collide?

a. mountain ranges

b. hot spots

c. rift valleys

d. mid-ocean ridges

29) Besides deep ocean trenches, what other landform can be created when oceanic and continental plates collide?

a. mountain

ranges

b. hot spots

c. rift valleys

d. mid-ocean ridges

30) What is happening in Iceland?

a. diverging plates are forming volcanoes

b. converging plates are forming rift valleys

c. diverging plates are forming trenches

d. converging plates are forming continental mountain ranges

30) What is happening in Iceland?

a. diverging plates are forming volcanoes

b. converging plates are forming rift valleys

c. diverging plates are forming trenches

d. converging plates are forming continental mountain ranges

31) Where is the major volcanic belt, known as the Ring of Fire, located?

a. in the middle of the Eurasian Plate

b. around the Pacific Plate

c. cutting through Iceland

d. below the South American Plate

31) Where is the major volcanic belt, known as the Ring of Fire, located?

a. in the middle of the Eurasian Plate

b. around the Pacific Plate

c. cutting through Iceland

d. below the South American Plate

Ring of Fire

32) Where / how did the Hawaiian Islands form?

a. encircling the entire Ring of Fire

b. by subduction along a plate boundary

c. from movement of landmasses due to

continental drift

d. by the Pacific plate moving over a hot spot

32) Where / how did the Hawaiian Islands form?

a. encircling the entire Ring of Fire

b. by subduction along a plate boundary

c. from movement of landmasses due to

continental drift

d. by the Pacific plate moving over a hot

spot