Residential Apartment Building

WELCOME

PRESENTATION TOPIC:

DETAILED ESTIMATION & RATE ANALYSIS ON RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT BUILDING (C+G+5 FLOORS)

ABHINAV RANGANATH PANYAM VUPPU

OUTLINE Objectives Building Types Residential Apartment Structural Elements

Slabs Two way slabs Estimation & Rate analysis of two way slabs

Columns Rectangular Columns Estimation & Rate analysis of Rectangular Columns

Beams Beams Estimation & Rate analysis of Beams

Foundations Shallow foundation Estimation & Rate analysis of Shallow foundation

Staircase Staircase Estimation & Rate analysis of Staircase

TYPES OF BUILDINGS

• Buildings are been divided into:– Apartment building • Apartment buildings are multi-story buildings where

three or more residences are contained within one structure.

– Office building • The primary purpose of an office building is to provide

a workplace and working environment for administrative workers.

BUILDINGS

RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT BUILDINGS OFFICE BUILDINGS

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RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT BUILDING

MAJOR BUILDING PARTS

Superstructure

Substructure

Foundation

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STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

Any reinforced concrete structure consists of :– Slabs– Beams– Columns– Foundations

SLABS

• TYPES OF SLABS:1. One-way slab2. Two-way slab3. Flat plate slab

SLABSTWO WAY SLABS:• When slabs are supported on four

sides, two-way spanning occurs.• When the ratio of long span to short

span is less than 2 then the slab is known as Two way slabs.

• The load is distributed in all four sides.

SLABS• The reinforcements will be placed

along the length and the breadth i.e. the reinforcements will be perpendicular to one another

• Two-way slabs carry load in two directions.

• The slabs used in this residential building are the two way slabs

ESTIMATED QUANTITIES OF SLABS• CONCRETE:• concrete quantity in ground & cellar floors=315.51 m3

• concrete quantity in 5 floors =788.79 m3

TOTAL QUANTITY = 1104.3 m3

• REINFORCEMENT:• Total reinforcement in ground & cellar floors=1.708 tons• Total reinforcement in 5 floors=11.704 tons TOTAL QUANTITY= 13.412 tons

COLUMNS

• It is a vertical structural member supporting axial compressive loads, with or with-out moments.

• Support vertical loads from the floors and roof and transmit these loads to the foundation.

COLUMN

COLUMNS

• TYPES OF COLUMN:Tied columns Spiral columns Composite columns

COLUMNS

• TIED COLUMNS:1. Tied columns have closed lateral ties spaced approximately

uniformly across the column.2. A tied column is a concrete column reinforced with transverse

rectangular reinforcement called “ties “ in addition to longitudinal reinforcement.

3. The main function of ties, as specified for tied columns, is to hold the reinforcement in place during casting.

4. Ties may also serve to resist shear, confine the concrete, and prevent the bars from buckling if they are proportioned properly for those tasks.

COLUMNS• MATERIALS:• STEEL Fe500• CONCRETE 53 GRADE• STEEL DIAMETERS USED: 32,25,20,16 & 12 (IN MM)• For longitudinal reinforcement in a column nominal cover

shall in case not be less than 40mm or less than the diameter of such bar.

• In case of columns of minimum dimensions of 200mm or under , whose reinforcement bars do not exceed 12mm , a nominal cover of 25mm may be used.

COLUMNS

CONCRETE QUANTITY:

• Total concrete quantity =31812.78m3

REINFORCEMENT QUANTITY:

• Total reinforcement =10.212 tons

PEDESTAL

CONCRETE QUANTITY:

• Total concrete quantity =11.96 m3

REINFORCEMENT QUANTITY:

• Total reinforcement =0.243 tons

Pedestal

BEAMS• A beam is a structural

element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending.

• The bending force induced into the material of the beam as a result of the external loads, own weight, span and external reactions to these loads is called a bending moment.

BEAMS The beams are classified as:• According to shape:

Rectangular, T, L, Circular etc• According to supporting

conditions: Simply supported, fixed, continuous and cantilever beams

• According to reinforcement: Singly reinforced and doubly reinforced

BEAMS• Minimum cover in beams must be

25 mm or shall not be less than the larger diameter of bar for all steel reinforcement including links.

• Nominal cover specified in Table 16 and 16A of IS456-2000 should be used to satisfy the durability criteria.

• These acrospans are used to support all kinds of beams , slabs etc

ACROSPANS

BEAMS•Anchorage in steel bars is normally provided in the form of bends and hooks•The anchorage value of bend of bar is taken as 4 times the diameter of bar for every 450 bend subjected to maximum of 16 times the diameter of bar.

BEAMS Generally a beam consists of following

steel reinforcements:• Longitudinal reinforcement at tension and

compression face.• Shear reinforcements in the form of vertical

stirrups and or bent up longitudinal bars are provided.

• Side face reinforcement in the web of the beam is provided when the depth of the web in a beam exceeds 750 mm. (0.1% of the web area and shall be distributed equally on two faces at a spacing not exceeding 300 mm or web thickness whichever is less)

BEAMS• Concrete is strong in compression and very weak

in tension. • So for tension we use steel reinforcement in

beams to take up tensile stresses in reinforced concrete beams.

• Mild steel bars or Deformed or High yield strength deformed bars (HYSD)

• HYSD bars have ribs on the surface and this increases the bond strength at least by 40%

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• Specification for the reinforcement in beams is given in clause 8.1 to 8.6 of SP34

BEAMS

CONCRETE QUANTITY:

• Total concrete quantity =463.47 m3

REINFORCEMENT QUANTITY:

• Total reinforcement =61.93 tons

FOUNDATIONS• Foundations are structural components used to support

columns and transfer loads to the underlying Soil.

Foundations

Isolated Combined Strap wall Raft

Shallow

footing footing footing footing footing

Caissons Piles

Deep

FOUNDATIONS

• Foundation used in this residential apartment is shallow foundation.

• The function of a footing or a foundation is to transmit the load form the structure to the underlying soil.

• The choice of suitable type of footing depends on the depth at which the bearing strata lies, the soil condition and the type of superstructure.

FOUNDATION

• SHALLOW FOUNDATIONCombined footingRaft footingStepped footing

COMBINED FOOTING

FOUNDATIONS COMBINED FOOTING: Combined footings are provided only when it is absolutely

necessary, as1. When two columns are close together, causing overlap

of adjacent isolated footings2. Where soil bearing capacity is low, causing overlap of

adjacent isolated footings3. Proximity of building line or existing building or sewer,

adjacent to a building column.

In this Residential Building they used 2 combined footings due to the overlap of columns.

FOUNDATIONSRAFT FOOTING: If the loads transmitted by the columns in a structure are so heavy (or) the

allowable soil pressure so small that individual footings would cover more than about half of the area it may be better to provide a continuous footing under all columns and walls such a footing is called Raft or Mat foundation .

Raft foundations are also used to reduce the settlement of structures located above highly compressible deposits.

Since raft are usually at some depth in the ground, a large volume of excavation may be required.

In this residential apartment we took 1-Raft footing for the Lift.

FOUNDATIONS

• Remaining all the footings are stepped footings.

• In this Residential Apartment stepped footings are used because it can transfer the loads in a stepwise manner safely