Replanting vines using minimal fumigants · 2012. 6. 21. · Michael McKenry, UC Riverside. In 2006 my MBAO talk was: Replanting stone fruits with minimal or no ... * = indicates

Replanting grapevines using minimal fumigants

Michael McKenry, UC Riverside

In 2006 my MBAO talk was:

Replanting stone fruits with minimal or no fumigation

Hansens 536 Nemaguard

Apply Roundup to old trees and wait one year to replanton a different rootstock to mitigate the rejection component of the replant problem---- there was not a nematode problem at this site.

1 yr fallow > MB

Spring MS > fallow 1 yr

Today I will discuss a vine replant site where there are rejection and nematode components to the replant problem

Rootstock Field Experiment-San Benito Co.

Replant of Chardonnay with or without fumigation plus new

rootstocks(Larry Bettiga 1997-2002)

A methyl bromide application

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The Telone man of 1997

Our drenching equipment for metam sodium

110 lb/ac metam sodium in 3” water

…for attainment of surface control of nematodes

* = indicates a significant difference from the check at P = 0.05 according to Duncan's multiple range test.Fig. 2. Xiphinema index population associated with RS-2 grape rootstock 18 and 24 months after various treatments

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MB 1,3D/MS Fallow check

Treatments

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Nematode control value of nine rootstocks

1.annual soil samples from each rootstock2. Pruning data and yield data in the third and

fourth years

Fig 5. Nematode population associated with 9 grape rootstocks 60 months after various treatments. * = indicates a significant difference from RS-2 at P = 0.05 according to Duncan's multiple range test.

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Rootstocks tested

MB 1,3D/MS Fallow Untreated ck

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Rootstocks tested

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Rootstocks tested

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Rootstocks tested

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Chardonnay pruning weights (kg/vine) from nine rootstocks in 2001 + 2002

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Chardonnay yield (kg/vine) of nine rootstocks in 2001 + 2002

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What is the future of this vineyard?

• 5% of California vineyards have Grapevine Fan Leaf Virus, similar to this test site.

• Two of the 9 rootstocks provided tolerance to GFLV, 039-16 and RS-3. Meanwhile Boernerprovided some tolerance and 10-17A exhibited some tolerance as it aged.

• RS-3 and 10-17A provide broad nematode resistance.

• 10-17A and O39-16 provided tolerance to the rejection component of the replant problem.

Grapevine Fan Leaf Virus can kill some rootstocks….

…or provide various leaf patterns at 3 or 4 years after planting

A new rootstock with X. index resistance but no GFLV tolerance

Symptom expression may include zig zag design along branches

Boerner Rootstock in non fumigated soil after 4 years

The Replant Problem of tree or vine crops can be managed by:

“Starve existing soil ecosystem, replant different parentage”

We need more rootstock choices than we currently have!

Table 1. Rootstock responses to selected soil-borne problemsPest-Disease Problem Harmony Freedom O39-16 RS-3 RS-9 10-17A

Meloidogyne spp R R S R R Raggressive Meloidogyne spp HS HS S R R RPratylenchus vulnus S MR S R R RTylenchulus semipenetrans S S S ss ss ssXiphinema americanum S S S S S SXiphinema index R R R MR R RMesocriconema xenoplax S S S MR S SParatylenchus hamatus S S S R R SRejection component, RP S S T? S S T?Grapevine Fan Leaf Virus IT IT T T ? IT