Recycling in the Biosphere - WCS - Homejaentschypantsbiology.weebly.com/uploads/2/6/2/6/...Bio geo chemical bio= life geo= earth. Biological Processes - Eating - Photosynthesis - Breathing

Recycling in the Biosphere– Elements pass from one organism to another

and among parts of the biosphere through

closed loops called biogeochemical cycles,

which are powered by the flow of energy.

– As matter moves through these cycles, it is

never created or destroyed—just changed.

Biogeochemical Cycles will be classified using:

1. Biological Processes

2. Geological Processes

3. Chemical and Physical Processes

4. Human Activity

Bio geo chemicalbio= life

geo= earth

Biological Processes

- Eating

- Photosynthesis

- Breathing

- Burning food

- Transpiration

- Eliminating Waste

Any and all activities performed by living organisms including:

Geological Processes

Including: - volcanic eruptions

- formation/breakdown of rock

- major movements of earth matter above and below the surface.

Chemical and Physical Processes

Including:- Formation of clouds

- Precipitation

- Flow of running water

- Action of lightning

Human Activity

Including:- Mining

- Clearing of land for building and farming

- Burning of fossil fuels

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

• Are the following processes Biological Processes, Geological Processes, Chemical/Physical Processes, or Human Activity?

The Water Cycle

The Water Cycle

Evaporation

Evaporation

Condensation

Condensation

Precipitation

Groundwater

Precipitation

Groundwater

Transpiration

Runoff

The Carbon Cycle

Fossil Fuels

Dissolved CO2

Geologic Activity

Cellular Respiration

Burning Fossil Fuels

Atmospheric Carbon

Photosynthesis

Nutrients– The chemical substances

that an organism needs to

sustain life are called

nutrients.

– Nutrients build tissues

and carry out life

functions.

– Nutrients pass through

organisms and the

environment through

biogeochemical cycles.

HabitatHabitat – the area where an organism lives,

including biotic and abiotic factors.

NicheNiche – the full range of physical and biological conditions required by an organism and how it uses them

This may include:

• Type of food it eats• Who eats it• Physical conditions required

to survive• When and how it reproduces.• What resources it needs.

Resources

Plants:

– Sunlight – Water– Nutrients– Space

Animals:

– Nesting space

– Shelter

– Types of food

– Places to feed

Resource: any necessity of life, such as food, water, light, nutrients, or space.

The four Main Interactions Among Species are . . .

Predation

Competition

Herbivory

Symbiosis

Interactions Among Species

Competition - an interactionthat occurs when organisms of the same or different species attempt to use a resource at the same place and time.

Competitive exclusion principle

No two species can occupy the same niche, in the same habitat, at the same time.

Interactions Among Species

Predation – an interaction in which one organism capturesand feeds on another organism.

Predator – the organism that does the killing and eating

Prey – the food organism

Interactions Among Species

Herbivory - an interaction in which one animal (herbivore) feeds on a producer (plants).

Purple Martin and European Starling:have similar nesting spaces.

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Purple Martin

European Starling

Purple Martin and European Starling:have similar nesting spaces.

Competition

Purple Martin

European Starling

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Herbivory

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Competition

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Predation

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Competition

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Predation

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

• Non-native African Honey Bee and Native Bees eat the same food resources.

Competition

• Non-native African Honey Bee and Native Bees eat the same food resources.

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Monarch Caterpillar and Milkweed

Herbivory

Monarch Caterpillar and Milkweed

Predation, Competition, or Herbivory?

Competition

SYMBIOSIS!Symbiosis – any relationship in which two species live closely together.

The three types of symbiotic relationships are. . .

– Mutualism– Commensalism– Parasitism

Parasitism

• Parasitism – a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside

another organism and harms it. (+,-)

Example: Snail and Parasitic Worms

Parasitic worms: Take over the snails brain and force the snail to go to an exposed location so that it can be eaten by a bird (-). The parasitic worms then develop in the stomach of the bird (+).

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Go_LIz7kTok – zombie snail

Mutualism• Mutualism – a symbiotic

relationship in which both species benefit. (+,+)

Example: Hummingbirds and Flowers

Hummingbirds: gets a meal from the flower’s nectar. (+)

Flowers: get pollinated by dusting the hummingbird with pollen that will be carried to the next flower (+)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXxMjLBX0FE – humming birds and flowers

Commensalism• Commensalism – a symbiotic

relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped. (+, 0)

Example: Capybara and Flycatcher:

Capybara stir up insects that are living in the grasses and provide food for the flycatcher (+), the capybara aren’t helped or harmed in the process (0)