Rainwater Harvesting Seminar - Homepage | RDNWater Day 2016 1 The Rainwater Network Rainwater Harvesting Seminar The Rainwater Network Hosted by: Jamie Wallace CANARM Board of Directors
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Water Day 2016
1
www.arcsa.org The Rainwater Network www.canarm.org
Rainwater Harvesting
Seminar
www.arcsa.org The Rainwater Network www.canarm.org
Hosted by: Jamie Wallace
CANARM Board of Directors Owner
Raindrop Harvesting Certified ‘CANARM’
Professional ARCSA Accredited
Professional(AP)
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MISSION STATEMENT
To bring awareness, educate, and conduct research in best practices for
rainwater and stormwater management across Canada.
CANARM began as a member-driven Canadian
organization that raises awareness of rainwater
and stormwater management.
We do this by providing education and conducting
research on best practices for the safe collection,
storage, and
use of rainwater in communities across Canada.
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Water Day 2016
2
Drops of Wisdom
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There is over 10
TRILLION
Gallons of
rainwater above
the skies of the
planet at any
given time. If all
the rain fell at
once. It would
cover the earth in
one inch of water.
Source:
National Geographic
Nature’s WATER
CYCLE
Urban (Built Environment)
WATER CYCLE*
* ”Stormwater Planning”, 2002
FROM TAP…..
…TO STORM and SEWER
DRAINS
…TO DRAIN
FROM ROOF....
EVAPORATION
TRANSPIRATION
PRECIPITATION
INFILTRATION,
RUNOFF,
MOVEMENT
HUMANS/PLANTS/ANIMALS…
CONDENSATION
What is Rainwater? Compare
with:
Stormwater
Grey Water
Potable Water
Ground Water
Surface Water
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What is Rainwater Harvesting? 1) Roof-based
2) Land-based
A “System” of:
Catchment
Conveyance
Storage
Pump(s)
Overflow
Collecting and Using Rainwater at Home - CMHC
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Water Day 2016
3
Provincially and internationally permitted
rainwater uses
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Types of Rainwater Harvesting
Systems
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Types of Rainwater Harvesting
Systems
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Eavestrough's and
Downspouts
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Tank Material
Concrete
Plastic
Fiberglass
Economic Decision /
Strength
NSF/ANSI Standard 61
(2008)
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Other Tank Varieties
Bladder Tank Slim “fence
style” tank
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Water Day 2016
4
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Pre-Storage Treatment: First
Flush
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Pre-Storage Treatment
Gutter Guards
Debris Filters
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration
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Pre-Storage Treatment
First Flush device
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Pre-Storage Treatment
First Flush device
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Source: GRAF Source: Rainwater Management Solutions Source: Rainwater Management Solutions
Pre-Storage Treatment: Vortex Filters
Water Day 2016
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration; Calming Inlet
Graf below ground filters
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration; Calming Inlet
Inlet Filter
Using gravity to fill storage
tanks and cisterns is simple
and less expensive that pump
and pressure line components.
Downspout and pipe joints must
be tightly sealed against leaks
and insect/vermin entry.
A good filter (400 microns or
finer) will keep the water clean
and prevent buildup of sludge
on the bottom. Additional
filtering for irrigation may be
necessary,
A thin ‘slimy’ layer is called
‘biofilm’, and can often be
beneficial to the quality of the
stored water.
Biofilm
(inside, walls
and bottom)
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration; Calming Inlet
Water Day 2016
6
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Filtration; Calming Inlet
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Pre-Storage Treatment: Air gap
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Central Saanich Fire Station
LEED Silver design, 5 Tanks plus rain gardens
and bioswales, for part of the roof structure.
Land-based catchment is directed to the rain
gardens and bioswale system, for infiltration as
ground water
Architect: Johnston Davidson Architecture and Planning, Vancouver, BC
Landscape Architecture: Greenway Landscape Architecture, Coquitlam, BC
RWH System supplier: BARR Plastics, Abbotsford
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Tradex: Fraser Valley Trade &
Exhibition Centre, Abbotsford, BC
Metal roof capture from 4,460 sq m (48,000 sq ft) in
two
36,370 L (8,000 gal) tanks (one shown)
Used for toilet and urinal flushing, by-pass is
municipal water
Designer Tanks
and
Cisterns
Water Day 2016
7
4,000 US Gallon Storage
Lantzville 9,000 US Gallon Storage
Denman Island
Water Day 2016
8
8,000 US Gallon Storage
Spider Lake
3,000 US Gallon Storage
Nanoose Bay
Permaculture and
Rainwater
Harvesting How
these two can work
together to improve
a sites resilience
Permaculture What is Permaculture?
• Permaculture is an ethics based design system developed in Australia
in the late 1970s by Bill Mollison and David Holmgrem.
• The word Permaculture originally made reference to permanent
agriculture, then was expanded to include permanent culture.
• Permaculture is a philosophy of working with, rather than against
nature. Looking at plants and animals in all their functions, rather than
treating any area as a single product system.
Loess Plateau, China
Large scale permaculture projects
Strategy: •They used nitrogen-fixing cover-crops to regenerate nitrogen in the soil, and further reduce erosion.
•Improve vegetation cover and sediment control, felling of trees was prohibited.
•A decade later, responsible farming on a local scale has lifted an estimated 2.5 million people out of poverty, making the Loess Plateau Project one of the largest success stories for sustainable farming
Mark Shepard of New
Forest Farm, Wisconsin
Farm scale permaculture projects
Strategy: •Conversion of old, depleted corn field and turn into a Savanna based polyculture.
•Build soil, planting layout is based on keyline geometry.
•Thirty years later New Forest Farm has developed into a rich, diverse farm which has numerous revenue streams including, nuts, fruits, annual vegetables, perennials vegetables, pork and beef. •Mark Shepard authored the book Restoration Agriculture
Water Day 2016
9
Urban scale permaculture projects
Image source: Earth flow designs, Permaculture
magazine
Urban scale permaculture projects
Image source: Hatchet & Seed
What can Permaculture offer us in a
changing climate. How can we built in
some resilience to our landscapes?
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Mulch: Using natural materials such as straw, leaves, twigs, small branches and paper products as
mulch helps hold in moisture and therefore conserves water. As the mulch decomposes it becomes an
excellent source of food for the bacteria and organisms living in the soil, enhancing the soil quality.
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Deep Root Plants and Trees: Plants and trees with deep roots have the ability to store water and not
only survive periods of drought, but also provide water to plants that are grown around them.
Water Day 2016
10
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Swales: Swales are ditches with flat bottoms that
collect water. They are usually dug out on the
outer contours of a particular landscape for the
purpose of holding and sinking the water. This
helps hydrate the soil.
Water-slow it,
sink it •Small swales like this can collect a
substantial amount of water. This
example will collect up to 40,000
litres per year.
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Hugelkultur: Translates
loosely in German to ‘mound
culture’. Hugelkultur is
designed by digging out a large
hole, laying down logs and
other wooded and natural
debris and then covering it with
soil which plants and trees can
then be harvested on. As the
logs decompose they provide
nutrients to the organisms
living in the soil, as well as act
as a sponge, soaking up water
during rainfall and releasing it
into the soil as needed;
therefore Hugelkultur does not
need watering, even in dry
climates and during droughts.
Steps:
-Excavate trench
-Large logs first
-Add brush
-Manure/Compost
and topsoil
Hugelkultur nursery bed
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Drip Irrigation: Is a watering
system that allows water to
drip slowly out onto the soil,
therefore minimizing water
runoff, soil erosion and
evaporation of surface water.
These systems can be as
complex as having many hoses,
filters and pressure regulators,
or as simple as having home
made bucket system, using
gravity to drop the water onto
the crops.
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Rainwater Harvesting: Is a
method of retaining water
whereby large barrels or tanks
are used to collect water as it
falls and runs off rooftops. This
water can then be used to water
one’s garden or filtered and
used for indoor use.
Water Day 2016
11
Permaculture techniques to save
water
• Grey Water System:
Greywater is previously used
water from sinks, bathtubs, and
washers, for example, which
can be collected for reuse. This
is a water retention method that
prevents water from being used
only once, permitting it to be
filtered and recycled in home,
for reuse.
Permaculture techniques to save
water • Compost Tea: Aerated
compost tea is derived from
placing high quality compost
into a water container which is
aerated and fed for 24-48
hours. The resulting liquid is
spread onto the soil to enhance
soil biology which in turn
increases soil health and water
holding capacity.
Some resources:
•Permaculture Research Institute-
www.permaculturenews.org/
•Permaculture BC-www.permaculturebc.com
•Eco-Sense Living-
www.ecosenseliving.wordpress.com/
•Hatchet & Seed-www.hatchetseed.ca
•Mid Vancouver Island Permaculture on Facebook
•CANARM-www.canarm.org
•ARCSA-www.arcsa.org
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