Transcript
Prepared By :-Name- Anshul Gautampurkar
Class-T.Y.(P.P.E.)Roll no.- T3715
QualityDefinitions of Quality :-
1- Quality is fitness for use: *Quality means the product or service does what it is intended to do. *Poor quality of a product or service cost users if it doesn't do what it is supposed to do. 2- Quality is meeting customer expectations: *Quality is satisfying the customer. *The customer defines quality. *The customer perceives the quality of a product or service. 3- Quality is exceeding the customer expectations. *Quality is the extent to which the customers or users believe the product or service surpasses their needs and expectations. *Quality is delighting the customer. 4- Quality is superiority to competitors: *Quality is how a company’s products and services compare to those of competitors or how they compare to those offered by the company in the past.
The business meanings of quality have developed over time. Various interpretations are given below:
1. ISO 9000: "Degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.”
2. Six Sigma: "Number of defects per million opportunities."
3. Subir Chowdhury: "Quality combines people power and process power."
4. Robert Pirsig: "The result of care."
• 5.Peter Drucker: "Quality in a product or service is not what the supplier puts in. It is what the customer gets out and is willing to pay for."
• 6.Gerald M. Weinberg: "Value to some person".
• 7.Philip B. Crosby: "Conformance to requirements."
The requirements may not fully represent customer expectations; Crosby treats this as a separate problem.
Quality control
Quality control is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. This approach places an emphasis on three aspects:
• Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records.
• Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications.
• Soft elements, such as personnel integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.
The quality of the outputs is at risk if any of these three aspects is deficient in any way.
Quality control emphasizes testing of products to uncover defects, and reporting to management who make the decision to allow or deny the release, whereas quality assurance attempts to improve and stabilize production, and associated processes, to avoid, or at least minimize, issues that led to the defects in the first place. For contract work, particularly work awarded by government agencies, quality control issues are among the top reasons for not renewing a contract.
Quality Assurance
• Quality assurance, or QA (in use from 1973) for short, is the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service or facility to maximize the probability that minimum standards of quality are being attained by the production process.
QA cannot absolutely guarantee the production of quality products.
• Two principles included in QA are: "Fit for purpose" - the product should be suitable for the intended purpose; and "Right first time" - mistakes should be eliminated. QA includes regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management, production and inspection processes.
• Quality is determined by the product users, clients or customers, not by society in general. It is not the same as 'expensive' or 'high quality'. Low priced products can be considered as having high quality if the product users determine them as such.
Dimensions of Quality Circle
Dimensions of Quality Circle Details
A quality circle is a participatory management technique that enlists the help of employees in solving problems related to their own jobs.
Quality circles provided a means by which production workers were encouraged to participate in company matters and by which management could benefit from production workers' intimate knowledge of the production process.
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