Qingfeng Li Professor, dr. Techn. DTU Energy · WP1 WP2 WP3 WP4 WP5+6 Materials Manufacturing Fuel scenarios. 4M Research –of fundamental nature and technological orientation •ORR

1

Den danske brint- og brændselscelledag 2017

Qingfeng LiProfessor, dr. Techn.

DTU Energy

Funding period 01.04.2013 – 31.03.2018Funding year 2013

Own financial contribution 12.7 mio. DKKGrant 31.0 mio. DKK

Funding rate 71%Project budget 43.7 mio. DKK

Key Numbers

Partnere

• DTU Energy (centre lead)• Aalborg University• University of Southern Denmark• University of Copehagen• Danish Power Systems• IRD (EWII) Fuel Cells• Serenergy• Forschungszentrum Jülich• Sangmyung University• Korea Institute of Science and Technology

Steering Committee

Head: Niels J. Bjerrum

Training board

Chair: Søren K. Kær

Inter. Scientific Advisory Board

Secretary: Hans A. HjulerCenter Management

Qingfeng Li

WP7 Centre management

Lars N. Cleemann

WP1 (KU)

M. ArenzWP2 (SDU)

S. M. Andersen

WP3 (DPS)

T. Steenberg

WP4 (IRD)

M. J. Larsen

WP5 (SE)

S. J. Andreasen WP6(AAU)

S.K. Kær

4M structure

Acknowledgement

► No gas humidification

- eliminating humidifiers & control

► Effective cooling

- easy control of air flow & temp.

► Tolerance to CO & SO2

► Possible integration

of stack with fuel processors

HT-PEM in Denmark - Entire technological value chain in Denmark

Poton conductor

Anodic catalystSealing

Cathodic catalyst

Gas diffusion layer

Bipolar plates

Alternative fuels

Reforming

Materials

& Kinetics

Units &

Components

Cathode

MEA

Fu

elCell

mo

delin

g

Reforming catalyst

Integration

Stacking & System

Management

Mo

bile sy

stemS

tatio

nary

system

Ap

plica

tions

Mechanisms

& Kinetics

Stack

Membrane

Stack/integration

Engineering

System

Demonstration

Anode

WP1

WP2 WP3

WP4

WP5+6

Materials Manufacturing

Fuel scenarios

4M Research – of fundamental nature and technological orientation

• ORR kinetics and electrolyte modifications - Kinetics, Acid Adsorption, Catalysis

• Synergies between durable supports and catalysts- Alternative non-carbon supports

• Initiatives towards non-precious metal catalysts- Composites Me-Nx/C type- Exploration of novel structures and materials

• Anhydrous conductivity and proton functionalities- acid-base chemistry versus protonics- immobilization of doping functionalities

• Electrodes, MEA and single cell testing

- understanding, fabrication, performance, durability

• Fuelling strategies and impact on lifetime- other hydrogen carriers (e.g. methanol)

• Stack engineering- design and construction

• Diagnostics, simulation and system management- single cell, stack and system

PhD projects:• (DTU) ORR catalysts (Non-precious)

• (DTU) Proton conductivity in electrolytes

based on phosphoric acid

• (KU) Effects on anion adsorption on ORR

in HT-PEM catalysts by in-situ ATR-FTIR

• (SDU) Durable catalyst supports for HT-PEM

• (AAU) Characterization and modeling of MEA

ageing mechanisms in stacks

• (AAU) Development of fuel cell system

fault detection and isolation methods

Postdoc projects: • (DTU) Composite membranes

• (DPS) Fabrication and evaluation of electrodes

• (AAU) Optimization of performance and lifetime

• (IRD) Direct methanol fuel cells

Some highlights of 4M achievements

ORR kinetics and electrolyte modifications - Kinetcis, Acid Adsorption, Catalysis

• Anion adsorption identified

• Additive explored

• No poisoning on NPMC

Strong adsorption of H3PO4

Catalysts and catalysis Synergies between supports and catalysts

• Pt and alloy nanaoparticles• HT-RDE setup (140oC)• Non-carbon support (SiC, WC)• Initiatives towards non-precious metal catalysts

Polymer architectures and proton generative functionalities

• Novel polymer architectures • Acid-base chemistry

versus proton conductivity• immobilization of doping functionalities

Vehicle mechanism (H2PO4-)

H2 + 2H2PO4- 2H3PO4(anode) + 2e-

2H2PO4-(cathode) 2H2PO4

-(anode)

2H3PO4 (cathode) + 2e- H2 + 2H2PO4-

(cathode)

Electrodes engineering

Electrode cracks and catalyst layer modeling

Diagnostics, fault detection and isolation

• Ink formulation benchmarked • Electrodes optimized • Cell and component modeling • AST protocols established

Phosphoric acid distribution

Cell performance and durability• Roadmap performance target achieved• Durability issues recognized • Degradation rate record

0.5 μV h−1 for 9200 h

Fuelling strategies, stacking and systems

System modeling

• DMFC cells and stack • Stacking design and construction• Stacking durability• System integration

Dissemination

Publications (03.2013-06.2017)

• 62 peer reviewed papers

• 15 Monographs

(Ph.d. thesis, book/chapters)

• > 45 conference presentations

• 1 EU patent application filed

• Spinoff projects: 11

2 seminars1 summer school2 workshops 2 (joint) conferences

1st book on the subject

4M calendar 2013 1. April Officially start

27-28 May Kickoff 4M seminar 1 – Identification of challenges

1. August Center homepage established

22. August Theme meeting 1: Catalysis and ph.d. recruiting

1. Oct. Consortium agreement signed & 1st invoice sent

14. Oct. ISAB meeting (Garching, München)

20. Nov. Theme meeting 2: Membranes and protocols (Seoul)

2014 21. Feb. 4M newsletter released

1. April 1st financial report & status report 1 submitted

9 April 1st year evaluation by the program committee

19 May Annual meeting (Ålborg)

20 May 4M seminar 2 (Eelectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy)

22 Sept. Submeeting (KIST, IRD, SDU, DTU, SMU, KIST)

2015 6. Jan. 4M newsletters (Issue 2) released

1. April Annual report (Financial; Status; Internal

20. August Meeting with IFD officials (report approved)

24-28 Aug 4M Summer school

26 August 2nd Annual meeting

1 Oct. mid-term technical report

2016……

2017 4 postdoc finished

3 ph.d. thesis finised, 2 to deliver by December

• 57 milestone 55 fulfilled

• 33 deliverables 30 accomplished

Administration issues

ISAB consulting

Prof. Andreas Friedrich Department Electrochemical Energy Technology German Aerospace Center

Prof. Thomas SchmidtSwiss Federal Institute of TechnologyZurich (Paul Scherrer Institute)

Prof. Christina RothInstitute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität Berlin

Prof. Hubert GasteigerDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of Munich

International Scientific Advisory BoardSecretary: Hans A. Hjuler

Acknowledgement

18Acknowledgement

Kickoff at RungstedgaardMay 2013

4M summer schoolSchæffergården, Agust 2015