Putting It Together An – ER, -IR, & -RE verb assembly kit Adapted from: Karin White – French teacher, C&I 401 – Fall 2005 Dr. Cheri Toledo, Curriculum.
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Putting It Together
An – ER, -IR, & -RE verb assembly kit
Adapted from: Karin White – French teacher, C&I 401 – Fall 2005 Dr. Cheri Toledo, Curriculum Web- Middle School French
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Verb Conjugation
So what is conjugation? What does “conjugate” mean?
In grammatical terms, it’s…
Taking the regular form of the verb (such as: to have, to eat, to dance, to speak, etc) and changing it to agree with the subject of the verb (the person/object performing the action)
Lost? Don’t you worry. We conjugate verbs in English every day! How???
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Verb ConjugationWatch carefully as our verb repair specialty crew conjugates an English verb in the present tense.
to be
I am We are
You are You (pl) are
He/She is They are
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Verb ConjugationDon’t they do excellent work? Here are some other familiar projects:
to dance to eat
I dance We dance
You dance You (pl) dance
He/She dances They dance
I eat We eat
You eat You (pl) eat
He/She eats They eat
So…We change “to dance” to “dance” or “dances” depending on who we’re talking about (I, You, They). Therefore, the “general” rule is to drop the FIRST 2 letters and add an ending if needed.
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Verb ConjugationHere are a few verbs try. Remember to use the present tense!
to watch
I watch We watch
You watch You (pl) watch
He/She watches They watch
to work
I work We work
You work You (pl) work
He/She works They work
C’est facile, n’est-ce pas?
Now that you are experts, let’s check out the nuts and bolts of conjugating French verbs.
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Verb ConjugationWould you say…
I is? You be? He are?
She work?
They watches? I to be?
You to work?
Oops! Of course not! Conjugated verbs are not interchangeable! It sounds ridiculous! It’s the same way with the French language.
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Parts and AccessoriesIn order to be a successful verb conjugator, you will need to know the following 4 terms:
Stem-
Infinitive-
The verb by itself: danser, parler, inviter, regarderWhat others can you name?
The verb without the er/ir/re: dans, parl, invit, regard
Subject-The person or thing doing the action (je, vous, la télé)
travailler
habiter organiser
écouter chanter
Ending-
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Parts and AccessoriesAnd most importantly:
The combination of letters that we put in place of the “er” that we dropped earlier. Each pronoun has its own ending to be used.
Below is a chart that gives these endings
-ER Endings
Jee [—] Nou
sons
[ohn]
Tu es [—] Vous
ez [eh]
Il/ Elle
e [—]Ils/
Ellesent [—]
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Parts and Accessories
Subject Infinitive Stem Ending
The worker: The drill packaging:
The drill: (packaging removed)
The drill bits:
Or think of it this way:
aimer, danser, chanter, parler
er
Je, Tu, Nous, la fille, Ils
aim, dans, chant, parl
e, es, e, ons, ez, ent
The worker chooses the bit for each drill!!!
La Conjugaison des Verbes
Parts and AccessoriesOk, here’s the drill : Try to conjugate these French verbs by following the 4 simple steps:
1. Take note of the worker (sujet)2. Choose your drill package (groupe de verbe)3. Remove ALL er packaging from the drill
(how else are you going to use it?)4. Select the correct bit for the worker given *Notice, there are 6 workers for each verb!*
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
parler
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
TuIl/Elle
parler
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
jouer
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
habiter
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
Je
Tu
Il/Elle
aimer
Nous
Vous
Ils/Elles
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
Go to the next page to see how you did!
Je parle
Tu parles
Il/Elle parle
parler
Nous parlons
Vous parlez
Ils/Elles parlent
Je joue
Tu joues
Il/Elle joue
jouer
Nous jouonsVous jouez
Ils/Elles jouent
J’habite
Tu habites
Il/Elle habite
habiter
Nous habitonsVous habitez
Ils/Elles habitent
J’aime
Tu aimes
Il/Elle aime
aimer
Nous aimons
Vous aimez
Ils/Elles aiment
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
How did you do? Ready for a new twist?
Let’s try it with adorer, in a chart:
Subject(worker)
+Stem(drill)
+Ending
(bit)Result
J’ + ador + e adore
Tu + ador + es adores
Il/Elle + ador + e adore
Nous + ador + ons adorons
Vous + ador + ez adorez
Ils/Elles + ador + ent adorent
La Conjugaison des VerbesParts and Accessories
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
voyager
Je voyageNous voyageons
Tu voyagesVous voyagez
Il/Elle voyage
Ils/Elles voyagent
nager
Je nageNous nageons
Tu nages Vous nagez
Il/Elle nageIls/Elles nagent
manger
Je mange Nous mangeons
Tu manges Vous mangez
Il/Elle mange Ils/Elles mangent
For these “special G” verbs, the “Nous” form is different. What changes?
Why? (think pronunciation)
Something about the spelling has changed…
Les verbes du “G” specialSpecial G verbs
-We’ve added an “e” between the “g” and “ons”
-Why?
-So we can keep the [zsh] sound in all the verb forms (je, tu, nous, vous, etc) consistently.
And if we didn’t?
-We’d have: nagons [nah – gohn]
voyagons [voy –a-gohn]
mangon [mah –gohn]
And the French
would say…
So what changes?
TROIS SensThree Meanings
3Each conjugated form of a verb in the present tense has THREE meanings.
TROIS SensThree Meanings
For example, let’s conjugate:
voyager
Je voyage Nous voyageons
Tu voyages Vous voyagez
Il/Elle voyage Ils/Elles voyagent
“Je voyage” has three meanings: I travel, I am traveling, I do travel
“Ils/Elles voyagent” has three meanings: They travel, they are traveling, and they do travel
TROIS SensThree Meanings
Need a few more examples?
Nous jouons
We play
We are playing
We do play Elles empruntent
They borrow
They are borrowing
They do borrow Je gagne
I win
I am winning
I do win
What about the ‘IR’ verbs?
They follow the same rules, they just have different drill bits
-IR Endings
Je is [ee] Nous issons [ee-sohn]
Tu is [ee] Vous issez [ee-seh]
Il/ Elle it [ee] Ils/ Ellesissent
[iss-]
Veux-tu le voir en action?
Subject(worker)
+Stem(drill)
+Ending
(bit)Result
Je + chois + is choisis
Tu + chois + is choisis
Il/Elle + chois + it choisit
Nous + chois + issons choisissons
Vous + chois + issez choisissez
Ils/Elles + chois + issent choisissent
Let’s use the verb CHOISIR (to choose)
And ‘RE’ verbs?
-RE Endings
Je s [-] Nous ons [ohn]
Tu s [-] Vous ez [eh]
Il/ Elle - [-] Ils/Elles ent [-]
Again, same rules, they just have different drill bits
Veux-tu le voir en action?
Let’s use the verb ENTENDRE (to hear)
Subject(worker)
+Stem(drill)
+Ending
(bit)Result
J’ + entend + s entends
Tu + entend + s entends
Il/Elle + entend + - entend
Nous + entend + ons entendons
Vous + entend + ez entendez
Ils/Elles + entend + ent entendent
FAQ’s
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Instead of dropping the “er” when conjugating a verb, can’t I just drop the “r”?
What you’re really asking:
Can’t I leave some of the packaging and still use the drill without any problems?
Answer:
NO! It may seem like it doesn’t make a difference, but it is a bad habit to start! Some verbs have fancier endings and cannot be conjugated by just dropping the “r”. Conjugation will not turn out properly… nor will your project if you leave the packaging on the drill!
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Why is the “e” missing in “Je” when I conjugate verbs like: aimer, habiter, écouter, adorer, obéir entendre, etc.What you’re really asking:
Is the “Je” worker picky about certain drills?
Answer:
Yes, the “Je” worker is picky. If the drill it wants to use begins with a vowel or an ‘h’ (which is silent in French). it likes to eliminate the “e” in “Je” and put an apostrophe in it’s place. For example: J’habite, J’aime, J’invite, J’obéis.
Les Questions FréquentesFrequently Asked Questions
Technical Questions:
Will “je suis parle” or “je suis parler” work instead of saying “je parle” to mean “I am speaking”?
What you’re really asking:
Can’t a worker use two drills at the same time with or without the correct bit?
Answer:
NO! It’s dangerous and makes no sense! “Je parle” already means “I am speaking.” “Je suis parle” translates to “I am am speaking.” “Je suis parler” means “I am to speak.” Do not put any form of être (suis, es, est, sommes, êtes, sont) in front of any verb!!! (you’d be using two drills… être and another verb)
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