Prokaryote Cell Structures 1.Taxonomy vs. structure 2.Size and shapes 3.Structures and functions – inside out Flagella and pili Glycocalx Cell Wall Cytoplasmic.
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Prokaryote Cell Structures
1. Taxonomy vs. structure2. Size and shapes3. Structures and functions – inside
out• Flagella and pili• Glycocalx• Cell Wall• Cytoplasmic membrane• Cytoplasm• Nucleoid• Specialized structures• internal structures
Taxa and structures
Sizes and Shapes
Overview
Flagella
A. Monotrichous
B. Lophotrichous
C. Amphitrichous
D. Peritrichous
A flagellum
Flagellum from textbook
Chemotaxis
Pili: structure/function
• Synonymous with fimbrae, fibril, filament
• Structures are something of a mystery still
• Function? Media attachment, one way or other– To surfaces– To other cells – animal or microbial– Often lost upon culturing in broth
Glycocalx
• S-layer
• Capsule/slime layer
• Functions:– Stealth– Hydration– Nutrients– Attachment
Cell Wall
• Functions– Protection– Transport– Many more if you include the periplasmic
space
• Cell Wall Varieties
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