Presentation6

Material storage systemsSpace efficiency and storage density

• Storage is an important consideration for every business however small or large.

• This includes space for– Product storage,– Employee,–Manufacturing plant &– Documentation.

• Using space efficiently makes the business more effective.

Unit load storage

• Unit load is constructed by bringing together a no. of individual items of identical configuration to make a large load, which ensures convenience during storage and transportation.

• Methods:– Pallet– Skid– Slip-sheet– Clamp-load

• Skid Method:-Another method is to construct a platform to fit the load,

which is known as skid.

Skids are used for non-standard loads such as long metal components or in compressor/generator assembly.

• Pallet Method:-The most commonly used method is to buid load on a

raised platform, which is known as Pallet.

The pallets are of standard size and used for standard loads.

• Slip-sheet:-The slip sheet is the platform on which the load is

assembled.

• Clamp load:-The clamp is load assembly on the floor with clamps

on 4 sides of the load for facilitating its movement using material handling equipment.

Storage principles

• The storage system is a warehouse has an important role to play in the total cost and success of warehousing operations.

• Efficient use of material handling equipment is possible provided the storage system allows easy access of storage and retrieval of inventory.

• Maximum utilization of the available space• Need for easy and quick access to stored goods.

Rules in designing effective storage systems

• Minimisation of travel distance• Maximising utilisation of available space• Providing easy and quick access to stored goods• Facilitation of easy tracking of material• Provision of security against fire,damage and

theft• Prevention of contamination and deterioration of

goods

Criteria for selecting a storage system

• Product characteristics• Configuration• Shelf life• Product variety

Benefits of storage design

• Space economics• Enhance throughput• Ease in material location and tracking• Security, safety and housekeeping

Storage methods

Block storage

• The most simple type of storage method and does not attract any financial investments.

• Boxes, cartons or sacks containing the material are stored in spread or stacked form in the area assigned for storge.

Racking system• Racks are used for storage of items that are longer,

apart from small containers, boxes, pallets etc.• When the weight of unit loads are beyond human

handling capacity, mechanical mateiral handling equipment are normally used for storage and retrieval operations.

• Two types– Stationary– Portable

Shelving system• These system are in use for non-palletised or non-

uniform types of load.• The material is stored and retrieved in the shelf by hand.• The shelves are closed or open type, depending on the

product configuration• Shelving is the most flexible and cost effective storage

structure, which is available in modular configurations to suit various storage volumes and product configurations.

Pallets• These are specially designed platforms for storage

of goods with a view to the whole load being moved by fork lift, wherever it is required.

• These are widely used in-house material handling system.

• Pallets can be broadly classified into two groups– Sturdy, multiple reusable pallets– One way non-returnable pallets

Containers

• Containers are most commonly used in manufacturing plants for in-process material handling applications.

• The different types of containers commonly used are:

Welded wire containers

– These are light in weight, self-cleaning , make it possible to view the material and allow ventilation.

– These containers can be stacked one above the other and ensure uniform weight for movement.

Corrugated metal containers

– They are used in the engineering industry where high strength and very high damage resistance features are required to handle heavy metal parts.

Plastic containers

– These are moulded polymer construction, similar to metal containers used for material storage, handling and shipping.

– They are light in weight and can be cleaned.

Automatic storage and retrieval system (ASRS)

–Warehouses designed for high risk storage , due space constraints, and operating on a high throughput rate use the ASRS along with an automated material handling system.

Bulk storage-silos

– These are basically used for bulk storage of materials like cement, food

– grains and fertilisers.