Practical Strategies for Austere times: Effective Partnerships to Build Homes in York Region
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Practical strategies for austere times:
Effective partnerships to build homes in
York Region
Michael ShapcottThe Wellesley InstituteHSBP-YR, June 2012
Effective partnerships:
Who, what, when?
We live in a complex world...
...where everything is connected to everything else
Beware of magic
bullets...
...and ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions
We need new tools to understand complex systems, and the impact of interventions
Wel
lesl
ey U
rban
H
ealth
Mod
el
Bad housing makes you sick!Homelessness:
Increased morbidityIncreased premature morality
Mental health:Alarming rates... especially
Clinical depression and anxietyControl / meaning Collective efficacy
Homelessness:Increased morbidity
Increased premature morality
Homelessness:Increased morbidity
Increased premature morality
Biological / physical:Chemicals, gases, pollutantsDesign (accidents) / crowdingSocio-economic:
Affordability / energy Transportation / income / jobs
Contextual:Individual / neighbourhood deprivation
networks / friends / crime
Good housing good for health!Physical and mental health:
Better health outcomes / decreased health care utilization
Community safety:Reduced recidivism among people leaving incarceration
Affordability interventions:Income-based housing subsidies
Environment / physical infrastructure: New housing, repairs, heating, noise,
indoor + outdoor environmental issues,allergens, water + sanitation
Researchers, analysts,
evaluators:Moving from outputs to outcomes
Four observations:
1. Housing insecurity deep / persistent2. Costly to people, communities,
economy, government3. Federal housing / homelessness
investments eroding4. No comprehensive national plan
On any given night in Canada, for every one
person sleeping in a shelter, there are 23 more people living
with housing vulnerability.
They are all at risk of devastating health
outcomes.- REACH3
Canada hasn’t forgotten how to build homes...
...we’re not building right mix of homes
“After 20 years of continuous decline, both inequality and poverty rates have increased rapidly in the past 10 years,
now reaching levels above the OECD average.”OECD (2008), Growing Unequal? : Income Distribution and
Poverty in OECD Countries
Selected policy recommendations for OECD countries from Divided We Stand •Reforming tax and benefit policies is
the most direct instrument for increasing redistributive effects. Large and persistent losses in low-income groups following recessions underline the importance of government transfers and well-conceived income-support policies. •The growing share of income going to
top earners means that this group now has a greater capacity to pay taxes. In this context governments may re-examine the redistributive role of taxation to ensure that wealthier individuals contribute their fair share of the tax burden.
‘Social spending in Canada relies more on public services (education, housing,
health, etc.) than on cash transfers, such as unemployment and family benefits.’
OECD, 2011
Inequality and private
housing markets
increasing out or reach95% of Canadians live in homes in private ownership / rental markets
For renters, average market rents are outpacing renter household incomes
Income, labour market, social and
community policies
When it comes to housing...
...money does make the world go around
Federal housing investments......as a percentage of GDP
Looking ahead: Federal housing investments will continue to shrink, and
number of subsidized households will fall
(millions)
2011 federal spending estimates
2010 2011 Change
Assisted housing
$1.722b $1.628b 5% cut
On-reserve $215m $156m 27% cut
Repair $674m $37m 94% cut
AHI $452m $16m 97% cut
Overall $3.131b $1.907b 39% cut
‘Scheduled termination’
Federal affordable housing initiative will ‘terminate’ in 2014 - along with federal homelessness program
(millions)
As federal housing investments are cut, annual ‘net income’ at CMHC is growing
(millions)
Ontario housing spending decliningMunicipal housing spending increasing
Recommendation 19-14: Ontario should negotiate with federal
government to commit to housing framework for Canada that
includes adequate, stable, long-term federal funding and
encourages housing partners and stakeholders, including municipal
governments, to work with federal government to secure this
commitment.
Municipal Infrastructure About 40 per cent of public infrastructure in Ontario is owned by the province’s 444
municipalities. Assets include roads and bridges, water and wastewater infrastructure, transit systems, affordable/social
housing, solid waste facilities, public buildings, Conservation Authority infrastructure, and land... Municipalities are responsible for maintaining their infrastructure... The
province also has an ongoing obligation to help ensure the safety and sustainability of municipal infrastructure.
Don
Dru
mm
ond
Federal and provincial
governments
Can
ada’
s dy
nam
ic
com
mun
ity s
ecto
r
YWCA Elm Centre
Sprucecourt Apts 1914
Toronto
slum
s
tran
sform
ed into
good h
omes
Canada’s dynam
ic private sector
New expertise and intermediaries
required
Tax-
exem
pt
hous
ing
bond
s
Social impact bonds
Social finance, social innovation, new intermediaries
http://www.inclusionaryhousing.ca/
Urban planning, social planning
Putting it all together:The exciting part!
Thank you!
www.wellesleyinstitute.com
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