Transcript
7/24/2019 Power System Event Analysis
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Event Analysis
Calpine CorporationDennis Tierney
April 2015
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Fault types
1. Medium Voltage Switchgear
Three Phase Fault.
2. Generator Differential.
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Largest operator of combustion turbines for power generation in the US
Comustion
Turines !1"#$
Steam
Turines !%&$
Other Units (23) Geysers (21)
CCGT fleet (5)
GE !FA ("1)GE #$%&&&
(21)
GEOther
(11)
'ieens 5&1F (3) 'ieens *"(15)
'ieensOther
(11)
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Typi+al One,#ine for 2-1 .o/er .lant
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Typi+al One,#ine for 2-1 .o/er .lant
#
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Fault types
1. Medium Voltage Switchgear
Three Phase Fault.
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Fault on $e0iu *oltae us
• '1"&V rea(er was closed to energi)e CT Starting
Motor. *++ro,imatel- two seconds later the
motor deelo+ed an internal three/+hase fault.
• The eent re+ort shows that the rea(er clearedthe fault in aout 3.0# c-cles. The total fault
duration was around fie c-cles.
• *++ro,imatel- 1& c-cles after the fault clearedmost motors connected to the '1"&V dro++ed off
line resulting in the loss of generation.
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'tartin $otor Event File
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CC .up Event File
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Conta+tor 1&1
To anal-)e this eent -ou
must first understand hownon/latching contactors
o+erate.
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Typi+al $e0iu *oltae 4on,#at+hin Conta+tor '+hee
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Closin the Conta+tor
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*C +ulses close to
+ic(u+ M rela-. M
contact seals in.
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Openin the Conta+tor
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*T or 0&1 4+ens to
dro+out M rela-.
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$- (.ilot) elay
1'
So what powers the control circuit?
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$- (.ilot) elay
1#
The 4160V bus.
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$anufa+tures Conta+tor Data
1"
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O.E464G DE#A7
• Most contactors cannot interrupt fault currents.
• Therefore most contactors’ main contacts have an
!penin" #ela$%
• The !penin" #ela$% allows time for the fuse clear thefault prior to the openin" of the main contactor.
• This &ela$ is present for all trips'opens.
• Varies from manufacture to manufacture
• Some are fi(e&. Some are settable.
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$anufa+tures Conta+tor Data
1%
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hy the Conta+tors Opene0
#ropout volta"e of the M) rela$ *1+0V,- -oil is
aroun& /+V *60. #urin" the fault the bus volta"e
&roppe& to below 4V secon&ar$ an& the M) rela$
&roppe& out.
So2 even thou"h it loo3e& li3e the motors ro&e
throu"h the fault2 the$ &i&n’t. The contactors ha&
actuall$ trippe&'&roppe& out &urin" fault. The maincontacts ust opene& after the fault ha& cleare&.
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Conta+tor *oltae 'a Dropout Fi8es9
1. 5eplace M) sealin contact with a M contact.
,s lon" as the volta"e recovers prior to the
main contact openin" the M) rela$ will pic3up
a"ain an& 3eep the contactor close&.
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Conta+tor *oltae 'a Dropout Fi8es9
+. f $ou cannot a&ust the open &ela$ times2 $ou
can replace the non7latchin" contactor with a
latchin" contactor on critical motors.
• -ostl$• +/ trip• #- power
• -ostl$
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Generator Differential
8!9 :;T <S :!!= ,T S!M;
>;8;5,T!5 #;5;8T,: ;V;8TS
9@,T S 5;,: ,8# 9@,T S 8!T
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Typi+al Generator One #ine
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
2'
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
2#
5 *6D C P7*S8
V49T*G8S D:4P
!;<8 C4668CT8D VTs$
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
2"
68=T:*9
V49T*G8 :*>S8S
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
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* P7*S8
V49T*G8 :*>S8S
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
2%
T8:M>6*9 S>D8 5 *6D C C=::86TS1%& D8G. 4=T 4F P7*S8
68=T:*9 S>D8 5 *6D C C=::86TS
1%& D8G. 4=T 4F P7*S8
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
2
T8:M>6*9 S>D8 *6D 68=T:*9 S>D8C=::86TS 1%& D8G. 4=T 4F
P7*S8?
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
3&
D8P86DS 46 :89*< M*6=F*CT=:8*S T4 74; T78 :89*< >S
C4668CT8D.
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eal Generator ,C,G4D Differential Event
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T8:M>6*9 C=::86TS D>S*PP8*:;786 5:8*@8:S 4P86
68=T:*9 C=::86TS C46T>6=8
;786 5:8*@8:S 4P86
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D6FFEE4T6A# FAU#T'
S T@; 8;)T #;55;8T,: 5;,:?
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6' T:6' FAU#T EA#9
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6' T:6' FAU#T EA#9
3'
64 A=MP >6 68=T:*9 V49T*G8
;>99 64T S88 G:4=6D F*=9T >6
V49T*G8S T7*T *:8 C4668CT8D4P86 D89T*.
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6' T:6' FAU#T EA#9
3#
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C .:A'E CUE4T 'CO.E T6GGEED 7 T6. OUT.UT
3"
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T:6' 6' 4OT A EA# FAU#T;
• 5ela$ ha& trippe& before. -Ts chec3e& !=.• 5unnin" on re&un&ant rela$. Trips lifte&.• Monitore& - phase current with scope. 8o
chan"e shown on scope when rela$
operate&.• -urrent chan"e onl$ effects one si&e of
"enerator.• -urrent amplitu&e is too hi"h for a real line
to "roun& fault. :imite& to A710 ampsprimar$.
• Broblem with ,'# circuitr$ in rela$.
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D6FFEE4T6A# FAU#T'
S T@; 8;)T #;55;8T,: 5;,:?
3%
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C .:A'E CUE4T D6FFEE4T6A# T6.
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T:6' 6' 4OT A EA# FAU#T;
• -urrent chan"e onl$ effects one si&e of"enerator.
• #rop in current.• -hec3e& all connections in -T secon&ar$
circuit.• aile& - phase -T secon&ar$ in rela$.
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