Transcript
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Chemical Engineering 134
Semester 1 AY 2014-2015
Girro Rigor
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
• Basics
• Equipment Types
• Diagrams
• Parts and Functions
• Pros and Cons
• Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Transfer particulate bulk materials through enclosed horizontal or vertical conveying lines
• Motive force:
» Pressure differential
» Air (or other gas) flow
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Classified by operating principle:
I. Dilute Phase Conveyor
A. Dilute Phase Pressure Conveyor
B. Dilute Phase Vacuum Conveyor
II. Dense Phase Conveyor
A. Dense Phase Pressure Conveyor
B. Dense Phase Vacuum Conveyor
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Dilute Phase Conveyor
• Particles: suspended in conveying gas
• Transport: ↓ P and ↑ V
Dense Phase Conveyor
• Particles: not suspended in conveying gas
• Transport: ↑ P and ↓ V
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
I.A. Dilute Phase PressureConveyor System
• Most common
• For powders/granules; non-abrasive; non-fragile; ↓ ρB (<62 lb/ft3)
» Ex. Sugar, flour, activated carbon, NaHCO3
• Single source to multiple destinations
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
I.B. Dilute Phase VacuumConveyor System
• For compressible; fibrous; toxic
» Ex. Wood shavings, cotton fibers, asbestos
• Multiple sources to a single destination
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
II.A. Dense Phase PressureConveyor System
• Gentle (↓ materials degradation, abrasion)
• For abrasive; fragile; intermediate to small particles (<0.75 in)
» Ex. Silica sand, alumina, candies, resins, puffed rice cereal
• For long distances (>250 ft)
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
II.B. Dense Phase VacuumConveyor System
• Gentle (↓ materials degradation, abrasion)
• For abrasive; fragile; smallparticles
• For short distances (<200 ft)
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Dilute,Pressure
Dilute,Vacuum
Dense,Vacuum
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Dense,Pressure
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Air movers
• PD Blower (Dilute); Compressor, Vacuum Pump (Dense)
Air-material receiver
• Receiving Bin
Storage and collection
• Silo; Hopper, Transporter/Pressure Vessel
Carrier
• Conveying Line
++
• Filters, Valves, Nozzles
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic Conveyor Systems
Advantages
• Gives more flexibility than mechanical conveyors
• Occupy less space
• Totally enclosed
• Low maintenance
Disadvantages
• High power requirement
• Large dust collection system
• Cannot be used for:
» Large particles
» High bulk density materials
» Sticky materials
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Bulk Bag and Bag Dump Pneumatic Batching-Blending System
Major ingredients sourced from bulk bags are weighed automatically while minor, pre-weighed ingredients are dumped manually.
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Bulk Bag Filler with Pneumatic Material Feed System
The filter receiver's load cells transmit weight gain information to the system controller that stops the conveyor once a pre-selected batch weight, equivalent to that of one full bulk bag, has been accumulated.
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Pneumatic grain conveying equipment
Vacuum-pressure rail unloadingdilute and dense phase
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Silo blending and in-plant delivery
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
Carbon black rail car unloading; vacuum and dense phase unloading
Basics Equipment Types Diagrams Parts and Functions Pros and Cons Applications
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