Plant diversity in Tagore's Literature by Dr. Monanjali Bandyopadhyay

Post on 25-Jan-2023

0 Views

Category:

Documents

0 Downloads

Preview:

Click to see full reader

Transcript

Plant diversity in Tagore’s LiteratureMonanjali Bandyopadhyay

Department of BengaliVidyasagar University, Midnapore

Rathindranath Tagore

received a B.S. in Agriculture from the U.I. in 1909 and was a graduate student at the University from

University of Illinois

the University from 1909 until 1913.

Rabindranath Tagore and Leonard Elmhirst

He adopted several exotic flowers with their vernacular names, re-named a few others to tally into the Indian context.

Millingtonia hortensis Correa reflexa

The love of Rabindranath for flora has been portray ed in a number of reminiscences.

Petrea volubilis

Gloriosa superba

Quisqualis indica Hiptage madhablota

Plants and flowers named by Tagore1. Agnishikha (Glorylily) Gloriosa superba2. Neelmonilata (Purple Wreath) Petrea volubilis2. Neelmonilata (Purple Wreath) Petrea volubilis3. Madhumanjari (Rangoon Creeper) Quisqualis indica4. Shwetmoni Souravee (SweetPea) Lathyrus odoratus5. Himjhuri (Indian Cork Tree) Millingtonia hortensis6. Sonajhuri (Golden Shower) Acacia auriculiformis7. Phuljhuri (White Poinsettia) Euphorbia leucocephala8. Baganbilas (Bougainvillea) Bougainvillea spp.9. Tarajhara (Fallen Stars) Clematis gouiana10. Peyalee (Morning Glory) Ipomoea purpurea11. Banbakul (White Paveta) Pavetta indica

Santiniketan was the abode of a diversity of flora. He placed his choice trees and creepers in the premises. He named of avenues there signified with plants and made a sylvan related frame.

Besides his work he mentioned all the plants of hismind-land in his works. The readers of thosetreasures get the unique nous of the author.

SHANTINIKETAN

He was well acquainted with plant’s growth and development,nursery management, manure requirement, manure requirement, training of beautiful climbers, landscape gardening and plant dominated architecture

Many comprehensive studies have already beendone by Samanta (1977), Mukhopadhyay (2010)and many others. But excepting Bandyopadhyay(2009) and Chattapadhyay (2010) none of theauthors have dealt with the plants of the novels,essays and letter-literature of Tagore. Noinformation relating to Horticulture is available,noinformation relating to Horticulture is available,nostatement relating to new introduction of plant taxais available. And for these reasons the presentstudy was undertaken. It fills in the gaps in ourknowledge relating to Tagore’s choice andknowledge on plant diversity.

���

����� �� � ���� ���� ���

��� ��� ����� �����

����� ��� ���� � !� ���,

���� ��"#� �����$� �%-��

&���� ���� ��'$� ����

!����( ��� �� � )��� *���;

���� ��+,�! ���-(",�! ��- , ���� ��+,�! ���-(",�! ��- ,

.��- ।�� �� ����� ��� ��� �����

01 202-3�2!�2�� ��� ����

��4��� ��52�� �1 2�� � ��–��1 �6�7 ��� ���� �������

���8$ 9 �:� ��1��� ;14���

���। ���$����$

��($����� /!<-��8 ��8=� �*� !��" !8*�- �2 !�+�(-, ��$�, �-��� �� ���

�>(�� ������ 2?( ���� ��� !� �। 4�� ��� �@-A7 �-�( 4�2�2, !8*�- �2 �B ���C �42�। ��� �� ���D

�1����� ��2E- ��F� �B�-52�� ���( ���2� !8*�-� �� ����, 4�� ��� ��F� �8 (�G� �H2 �I-(" �2, �@ !8*�-� 2J� �?� �2। K�� K�� �2 �>2�� ���(� ��*$ ��� ���। �L��� �-��� ���� � �; �>2�� �-��� ���*$� �� ���� ��8M

�� ��� ?1'�� ��$ ����2 �N, ����� ��$ �� �2 �� �। �� ��� ?1'�� ��$ ����2 �N ����� ��$ �� �2 �� �।

�F� �’!�� �F , ���O ���1+-�- — ������ ���2�����, ������ �L2�।

�'B /����-

��($����� /!<-��8 ����1+ ����4��-। ���� �� ��($4� �2 ���� ���($� ��� !�!B(" �2

��� ��������; K�� �� �L� ������- �2 �L� ���($� �� ��P���' ��

����2; �� ��� �*� �1Q7 ������ ��*$ �� ���� �*� ��� ��� ���

�� �2, ��� �>2���� ��"����� ��"4��� �K�( ���2 �F ���R� ���.��

S�� ����� ��$। �-�"�� �� �����2� �� $��2� ��2E- ��F�� ��T� ��� ���1+ ���C�� �I�� ���2। ���� ������+"� AM�-�� �>��2

�9 ��� �� �H�2 �-�U� AV!�� ��� �� ��। �*4 !1��(!�R� ���#� �����

��, �� ���2 �� �H2 W+��� �'1$+� �����($ !B(" �2, …….��($ �=

�9 � �L� �!� ��N। ��� �!� �*�� �?� �!�� ��2 ���� ������ �X��

���� ��� ��� ����#- ��2E-��-���� �� �?� �>� �� �B ���, �D ��F� ���� ��� ��� ����#- ��2E-��-���� �� �?� �>� �� �B ���, �D ��F�

02, �D ��F� �� �।

���� ���� ��!��- �Y�2���� ����� �2��, ������� ���� ��F� �2

��+ L। �� ��2��2�, �� ��Z[, S�#-� ��'�। �� ���2����

���!�2�, 9��� ��'$ �� ���2������ ��1�B � ��� ���, 9��� ��� �*�� ���

���2������� !�� �����।

����� �� � �� �

�L� �\��� !�' �2 ���� �। ��� �?( �-���� �-;" ���-��F'� �2���। ��'�-2��-����� ����� ]��। !��� !1� ��� �������, !^� ���

���*�9-�� ��2, ���*�9-�� ���, ���*�9-�� O�A, ��I� 5��� � �����2। AM�!^� ���_ ��4-� �1� ������ �2� ����"2 !�*�� ��F'���� ���

����� �� � �� �

AM�!^� ���_ ��4-� �1� ������ �2� ����"2 !�*�� ��F'���� ���

��2��8 � ���-। ��� ����� ����� ���2 ���, ��_ !�"_ ����� ��R, ��

���R �L��� 4�+ !�� �। AM� ��� ��2�-���� ��'$ ��*��� ���$ ����2� ���R� �� ���� ��2@ ��N���� ��4-� ��� ����� �� � ।

�2���� ��� �� �� �`- ��.� ��2�। �a ����� ��19 ����� 0�F�� 0�F��

������ ��8 �� ��� ���� �� � ���`� �:� ��b �� �2। ���� �?( ����

!1c��� ��2 ���2-��$�� �� � �!��-9!�� ���— ��F�5�2� �� ��F���, 5�2 �1 2�

��2 31 � �� , �+��d� ��2 ��� �-2�(" !1e !1e ��; �����F'� �����2����� ��*��

A!�� ;�� ��� �+"�� �f-� �������। �?�(� ��� �� ����� � �2 gL���� ���� ��h W�1 � !�� W�1 � ��i( ��� AV�1� �8=� !�* ���� Q�� � ��'$।

����� �� � �� �

�L� ��� .��� .��� ��L��� ��� ��� ��L��� ��F� ��F� �1��� ��� �1��� �L�1�,

���*�9-�� ;� �� 2:� �� A�R��।

�� �_������ �� ����4-� �1�2 ���� ��� ��2�-2�� �jN, �����2 �I

���R� ��'$ g �1� ���� �� ��� �2 ��। g ����2� �2 3������ �k�।

�L����� ���>[ ��� 9 ��R, �B� ��� ����� �-2�� �2 9 ��2 �\(-� ��1l

2����� �m��8 �� �� ��N�'$ �*-n��* ����� ���� �!� �2 ����� �1o

�L���� ���2� �CN ��.�� �8��.�� �!� ;��� ���2��� !�? ��1!����- ��2�

���� ��� ��� ��'$ �� �!��� �p� ��� ���� � ��� �� &-��� ����।

����� �� � �� �

�L����� ���>[ ��� 9 ��R, �B� ��� ����� �-2�� �2 9 ��2 �\(-� ��1l

�L�!1�e $��2� �_, q8�� �C�,�! 4���2 ���� &����� �_�1" o �� ����।

Letter-literature

4r!#

Rabindranath Tagore with his children-(from left)daughter Mira, son Rathindranath, daughter-in-law Pratima, daughter Bela

RabindranathTagore with with his immediate family

�s

�� ���2� ��2 � � ��� ���� �V�� ������ ��� ���� ��1�Y� ��" �*��

��1 �-���� !pI��� ��'$ !8*�-� ���- ��($ �!��� ��b� �*� K`�

Ar� ��— ���� !t ���, !�L ���, �-���� �2�� ���, 4�� ��� !�*� ��

!�F� �� �2। ���2� !�* ��I �-��� �����- ���, �B��"� ��� ���� ���

�1 �2 ��2��, ‘�� *���, �� ��F4�, �� 4�!*�, �8�1 $� !� �8�1 $� �'$ �� �_�-� ���(� ����-�*" ��#� ��� ��Z�Y-����2, ���-���#।’ ����� ���

�� ��9 AR�� ��� ���, !�"�� ��_��; ������ �L� !�# '�(-� ��( ��2

��2 AR��, ‘�� *���, �� *���।’ �m���(� �B� '�#- �� ��� ���jN

��2 '’�� �1$�2���� ����� ���; !8*�-� ��8���u���� ���$ ���(� ���,

���(� ��, ���(� 2��($ �H ���; �� AV�v� ���(� ��(-�� ���"

�2�� /�s5j

���(� ��, ���(� 2��($ �H ���; �� AV�v� ���(� ��(-�� ���"

���� Aw�� �’�� ����2, ‘�� *���।’

x�� /�s�s….��" �� ��� !� � ��!$�F। ��F� ���� �-���� L �2 ���!�2�� ���� �2� ,

��(1 �2� , ����� �4����, ����� �h,

����� &�� ��2 ��� ��1 � ����� �8= S��

����। ���� �� �� 2��� ��। ��-���

01 �2� 0�2� &��� ��2��� ����� !� ���

��� ���। � ���� ���� �2 ��F� ��`

���� �2 ��F� S'�"। ����� �� �� ���

���1 �����। 2�2 �� �-2, ���� �� �2��� ���1 �����। 2�2 �� �-2, ���� �� �2���

�h, �F� ��� A��, �L��� ��� L��। �� � 02�� 2��� � ��� ��� �� �� ��� �� �1 ���।

…��F� ��� �….��� �2 �$��2। �� �2

��F� �����#� ��`, ��F� ������"� ���-। ���� �� ��F� ������� ���� !��� ���

�1 �2��2�। r����� �1[ ��� �2��� ����

2����� �� ��� ���!� �4� �� �2

��।…..�� ���� ���� ��� L1F���, �-�

�1���, ����� ������, ���!� ��� ����

!�\� ���।

��� � �L� �2�� ���-��� S�� ��� ���2���

!�L ���2। ��! ��2��2�, ��� ��; ���

��2�2, ���।

����� ����2� ���2� ��� !���2 01 2������। �� ���� ��( �� ��F4�

���L�2 ��� ��(�1[ �� ���L�� �� ��2 ������। �� ��'$ � �� ��� �2

�� 1c, �$��2 �2 �� ��F�4।

����� ��� ���� ���-����� ���� ���� !"� � �#� �$%�

�"�� �y������ �"�& '()��� �41�� !*+��,, '�)�� �(�- �.�� !/ �+��,। �1"� 2 �3���

���, ���� �$���� 43��� ��3!� &�� 1�� !�/� ���� !��+� �5+��,। '!�/�1� '( '�6��7/

8�9�� ���2������ 73:� ��. �3�� ,/ '�7/ ;%��� '!�+���� !�/ %��+� <=+� �/�/

�����,—

>�?��� ;�� �@����+ �y�1c�2� �A /4+� � ��-� ���� 5���,। �$B��"�"��� ��C

�$���� 241����� �� �D�� ��� 54�� ��C �E�5"� F��- ���+�� ��� �$)$�!��1� �:�

��C �E�5"� +��#�5� ���� �+� ;� �����,।

&�� 1�� �1!�� �����2 ��� ������� ��� , �G H$/�#�5� ;�+ ���+4 1$�� ;��I #J

����, ���+ ���+ �G/K 54+� ,�+� 1�� �����, ।

����� ���

����

1�/+� �L�/����� ���

&�� 1�� �1!�� �����2 ��� ������� ��� �G H$ /�#�5� ;�+ ���+4 1$�� ;��I #J����, ���+ ���+ �G/K 54+� ,�+� 1�� �����, ।

����

����

Chrysopogon aciculatus

� +� ���������� &("!z ��/� &+�,

M$ �1 ;�N ���� !z!��� '�// �+�। >$ C+� <=/ ��2,

�5�/ ��� �/,

���/ '� 1$��/�� %@ �/�� ���� �$�/ ���/। &��&�� <O�4+� ���

�#P Q� ;/+ / ;%���G�"�

&��&�� <O�4+� ��� &��&�� !���4+� 5�� '���/ ��2�2 5�� <=/ F�$ / ���� । '�/ 1$C �+� R/ ��!+� '� ��2�2 �"� �"�� !�S-��T��� /U" �� '>//� &��-- V�5 V�5 ����+ ����+ >$ C/ '� & ��। !�S �$�)� ���� &�+,

!�S ���/ 5�+ (�+,

!1��"2� /�������-�

��� ��� �����2 ������� �� ��� ,

���� �W/ ��� �y�1c�2� ���। ����� 1$4 ���� ��201 2 %��� %���>$ �� ��,, X�$�) ;�� 5��� ;�+-- ����� �� 1�� 1�� �A ��� �&Y��,

�� ��{ '���� >$ �� )$3�! ���� ���+� 1�+।���T�� �3����� '1", �1F ���� &�� ����--

�L2�

O�A���� ����C ��: �� , ����-� ���:C ��: �� ।

����2 / �� 9 ���

/ �� 9 ���

��5�� ��5�� �$ � �/� '�3�� ���)� ��2�-� ��/� । � ()� �$��4� , �/�+ ����+ 1�

Z��� � � >$ /�� ।

�$�- �$�)�'��� '&�+ '���� ';�%��

�$�)�� >$ C� �#1$ 5�� । �$�)�� >$ C� �#1$ 5�� ।

���� ���3� >$ �/ ��/�7/

'(� ���� '(� %$ /

���4�� ���� �/�+ ।

'(� '(�� '(�� �"��

&�+ ���� >�� >��

�c�2� ���,� �/�+ ।

/ �� 9 ����|�� -/ �� 9 ����4 '( '����� ���, ���/ 1�3:�+ ��,

��� '��� ����� '/�� ,

���� ���� ���� '��� '[�5 ��, ��

�1F � ��2� �c2 ���� ।

�:� ��� (�+ '���� >$ / 5�+ ��� ���

����� >$ �/� ���� ��

�+�-���� '��� 1$/� ���� '��� ,

�$�� ,$C� 1� 1� ।

���1��� R�c��� !���2-

�<�� 4��2- ��2

W�$� �$ /5 �/�� , ��3� �B* , ��3� ��� ,

��3� �c2 - ��/�� ।

\

�� 9 ����2

��-� W�$������ ���2��!� �3) '�� �� ?

!���� (� /�!�+" '(� '��� �3)� ��� ?

��3��, ���2�! 5�+ ��� , ����� ��� ]� !

�1� ;���� ��W/�� >$ �� >$ �� �c2�1c�2 ;

'(6�Z^

����-��;�B�

'���� ��,���$��� �y} ; '���� 5+��,�/ "�� '�� A��1�@�/<�/�����; ��#�"_�/����>/ ��� �:1�`��+'����+ 1 ��� V�� ��+�, /$���+;a$ C� ����-� ':� 1�+ '���;���b ��) '���� V��5�.��

�'B�1� ;���� ��W/�� >$ �� >$ �� �c2�1c�2 ;

'� ����� ����, ���/ — @��� '�� &�4 �3) �$ �/ !

�'B�* <=+��, ;�&"� �$C,

'�)��� ,$C��� ����/ <=। ��� ����/ �� T/�/,

���- '���/� '���/� ��+�, >$ C। ;�&"� '�+ '�+ �$�! '>�/ ',�+ ��5�-01 �2-��� 2��� �1�।

>���/ 1�+ �3) �:��/ �� ���,

�3&/ �1��/ ��:�, /$C।

��+5��� / �����-!

��A ���� ����T�� �B2����� ���+ ,

��-�$�� ��-!���+ ………….��+ ���� '��, ' '/4 !���� �$�(�� 5/

‘ �21� 01 2 ' '( ���� �/ , �4 '( '���/� '���/� ���,� !.�/

�$! FA���� '(� '���1� �$ c '�� d�/ । …..…T�:�� ��� ��>2����� 8��/ 8��/

�e %$ ���& 5��+�� ���/ ।

�� �

�o���-

�,!���W(��'

>�7� ��� >�� >�� 1)� ��+,

��$ � �$�� ��� <�: (�+ ��� ����,

��$ � ��9 >$ / '>��� ��4 %��� %���f

� ���/ ' �%� ������� W/-,���� ���,

���� �!��+ ��W/ '�$,'��) �+�/ >$ �/� '��$, ���� '5, ���� '5, ���� '5, ���� ���� '3��, ��� � 7`, ����

�g�� �4 </ ��) '�6��,�� '(�� 8���

'�+� ����+ '�6��� ��: ��!�+ '1 >$ �/,

��/1��� %���+ '1,

&/� 1$�/ 1$�/।

��) ���+ >$ �/� '��$ &�3��� �� /$C।

���� '5, ���� '5, ���� '5, ���� �- ����।���� ���D�$�h ���� '5, ���� '5, ���� '5।���� ��D��W�h ���� '5, ���� '5, ���� '5।

</�/�� ��� ��� ,

T�� >$ �/� ��� ��� ,

�-'%!� ���� ����

"�/ �-i�/�f T�� ��/�"� >$ �/ ���-,���� �%# � W�h %�� �.�� _�/,

���� '3��, ��� � 7`, ���� '�3��, ' >�/ ��/�।�"� ����� �h�" 1�+ ��!�+ ���, 8�/�।

A!�$��

����� ��� '� � �L� �� �`���2@ 01 2������

��������2, �L� 4�� ���� t~ ��201 252�

���� ����� 01 � 01 � �1LL�� ���� ��� ��� ��2

��Z���� ��� A�� �� � ������ ����� �$��

�����2। ��!j�

Novel ‘Malancha’ at a glanceMilieu: A flower garden adjacent to New Market Story: A triangular love. A tale of psycho-analysis.Focal theme: Emotion and conflict of the characters,

their psyche and stream of consciousnessalong the path of flori-lore.

Dimension: Concept of the Jeebanbriksha (Life-tree).Characters:Aditya : A successful nursery man. HorticultureAditya : A successful nursery man. Horticulture

made a family bond between Adityaand Neeraja.

Neeraja: Devoid of love and affection from her counterpart at the verge of her death,a psychopathic patient.

Sarala: Lover of Aditya, depicted as a flower of awild plant, Aditya. They are created indispensible.

Ramen: A friend, philosopher and guide of this triad,depicted Sarala as Banalakshmi (NatureGoddess).

1�� � ����� ��:�� &�/�� ���,� �:��/ &�31 <O�,, !�/ ��:�, ��

���/� ,�+�। � ���� ��-" ���, �& ���� X� �$�%�9� '&��)� ���� ��9�, ��� ��3&������� �� >$ /, �� �A %��" 5�+ !�� <�O�,, ��A�

W+� � '(�। '!����� 1/ T/�/ ���, !�b/ ���,� 8��/।

F1@�� T�/� ���� ��� &/�,, !/ W/W/ ��� �+ (�+ ��/�+ ��/�+, >$ /

���,� '�+��� ���� ����। �A�: ������� '���/ 8���, '(�

��+� 5�+।

��2H

��� Z��" ���� /�, “'����/ '��+�1� ���+� ',�3+� '/�� >$ / ���

F� ���, �$)��1� ,�� '��/ W/ <O� >$ ��, ���� ����� '�4 ��/1���� ��/ 1�+�, ���। '(-��� '��! '����� �� ��:, ��� 1$����

>$ / >$ ���, ��9 ��9, ��-� 5��+�+ 1�+, �1 ,:�+, '��/���� '/���,

��� '� �।” ���+ ���+ '� /�, “�$ � �� ����/ �4 >$ �/� Z��� '���

'1���� # ��$� 5�+ 1)/ !���। ���� %���7�� �$ � �, �k����

4l��"।”

W+� � '(�। '!����� 1/ T/�/ ���, !�b/ ���,� 8��/।

”X���� �"!� >$ �/� ��,7�/� <�:�+ '>�/ '�)��� !�

m�� ���+ ���। ���� �3:� �"�&� ��� ���j� ')��/�

n� ��,। 5/�� ���, ��, ��� &�।”

”������ ������ ���� ���, 1�+�। �� ����

1�+���/ �"�!� T$ :�� %�� 1� '��/��, �������/+�, ����� �— ��� ��. '�3��, ���!�/$, ��+S�/— ��1�

������ 8����4�� ��+S�/। (��o�$ �� �-' �j ���

8��� !/।

”������ ������ ���� ���, 1�+�। �� ����

������ 8�+���। �� ����� '����/� 1�� 1�+ ��n

�Q� ��� '1।”

������� !^� '��� ��4-� ����� ���। ����

�1� ���� �� � ����� �2; �� � ��� �-(" �� !�� ����; ���� 5F� ��� ���� ��� ���

�� ���� �� �� � ���� � � �2। ���L����

������2� 4� �L� �� �1���, ����� 0�F��

0�F�� ��1�3��2-��F�� ��ZY ��� !�� !�� �

����; �2L ��R���2 ���� �� ������*�।

Jeeban Briksha (Life-Tree)Aditya: ���� �1��� � ������ �-�� ��f

�����2� ������� �� �� । �� ��� ������

�2 �� �� ��'$ ������ ��� ������ ����( ; ��

!��� �� �*� ��� ���� ��f�।Sarala:�p1 �� �� �� *���, ���� A�R �� ��� �� �� � �p1 �� �� �� *���, ���� A�R �� ��� �� �� �

�*� �� ���� ��� *����� ��� ��� �����।Aditya: ������� ���� ��� �*�� �F �� �� ���� �

�� ; �� ��� ��, ��� ��। � ��$� , � ��1 �

��$� ।

Flori-lore�� � !� ���� �� ������2� ������ �����

������ ���(� ���� � , ���� �*�� g ����� ��

���� ��'$ ��� ��L � �� 1c9।

01 �2� �$���� ��� ����� ��� &��- ���$। ������

!��� �*�� �-���� ���2����� �� ��� &��-�

���2����� ���� '��� ��� ��2�� �� ������� ���� ���2����� ���� '��� ��� ��2�� �� ������� ���� ���� , ���� ����। �L����� 01 �2 !<�� �1����

��2� ��` �� �� ,! �� �� �� �� ��Z`��"। ��+ ��+ 3�� ����� ��� ��1 ��� ��� �*��

����- ���� ��!?� ��� 4r�, W�1 �� W�1 �� ����

9�� ��!?� ����� �N �N ����� !1e� ��$*"���

���$।

With the advancement of the narrative numerous flowers, fruits and ornamental plants have been mentioned in a dramatic panorama. panorama. The typical horticultural items like fernery, orchid house, rosary, seed beds and lawn have been well described.

Orchid HouseLiving - shade of Orchid House

Clitorea ternatia

'1)� (�+ �"�&� ����� F�� �8� ��, ,��

':�+ m��; ':�� ���+ ��+F���!��� /��।

����1� �+� ���4 2 F�� 8-���� ;��

���, %$ �/ (�� � '�� '� ��� ? ��� ���

1�� 1�� ���� 1$!�� ��/ 2 ������

��!�+ �$ �/,।

Cut Flower��/� i$ �/ ���। ��� 5��� ��C F�� 8। >$ /C

Xp, ���:� ���+ '��� '�)�। '(� 8���-'�/� �n ;!���।

PropagationSarala: “�$������ F�� 8 &�� %�� ��� ��$ � F�� 8

���� !��� �1�1� ����� �/ ��+,�/�।”

. The pseudobulb of Prosthechea fragrans

1�� 1�� ���� 1$!�� ��/ 2 ��������!�+ �$ �/,।

Seed propagation

Grafting between pumelo and mandarin orange

Horticultural practices

Live fencingHarvesting of

�� � ��� ���

����� �2�1� ��� �2:� �2�1� �2� ��F�'�

�1����, ����� �^�" ��� ����� ���$।

0��� ���� ����2

O� A�R ���� ���

2������ ;��� 4�2

A�� �� �2

SecateurLawn Mower

Farm Tools

ing of cut flowers

Hard wood cutting of rose

���$� ��*� ���2�� 1 !,

������ 3�2-��F � ��F4

Plant IntroductionTaking a variety or a species into an area where it was not grown before; even within a country.�������� � �'�� L �2 ��" �3। �� ����

�2�� !�r� ��2�� �*��,���� �*��, ���-�, 4-�

�*�� ��" 3 ��� ���, ��� ��� ����O ��� �2��

�L� �2 ��।������ �*�� 01 2 ����� �� ��9 � �$� �2������� �*�� 01 2 ����� ��-��9 � �$� �2�

�����, ��L��2� !��� A2�� ;

The precaution and the harmful effects of the obnoxious weeds in relation to socio-cultural

perspective make the tale lively.Definition:Weeds are the plants, which grow where they are not wanted.Proverb:‘One year seeding, seven years weeding.’Dialogue:A��� ������ ������ �-� ��� ����, �\ �!�2

�� ��� , ��� !�� �� 9!�� ��� ��'$।

The study reveals that 38 taxa belonging to 35 genera occurs in “Malancha”. Among these 12 are exotic taxa.

Now-a-days all they have quite successfully established themselves in West Bengal condition. It is established themselves in West Bengal condition. It is interesting to note that West Bengal has more or less congenial agro-climate and strategic location for production and marketing of diversified horticultural crops. It has a long tradition of growing commercial flowers, fruits, vegetables of different types and

seasons.

Other FamiliesRosaceae (Rose)Magnoliaceae (Magnolia)Caryophyllaceae (Carnation)Tropaeolaceae (Nasturtium)Clusiaceae (Nagkeshar)Liliaceae (Lily)Rubiaceae (Gandharaj)Solanaceae (Petunia)Lythraceae (Jarul)

Dominant Plant Families :Rutaceae: 5 (Citrus,Kamini,Wood Apple)Fabaceae: 5(Laburnum, Asoke,Tamarind, Cassia, Copper Rod)Arecaceae: 3 Casuarinaceae (Jhaw)

Dilleniaceae (Chalta)Nephrolepidaceae (Boston Fern)Anacardiaceae (Mango)Musaceae (Banana)Oleaceae (Motia Bel)Caricaceae (Papaya)Apocynaceae (Tagar)Sterculiaceae (Muchkundo)

Arecaceae: 3(Coconut, Betel Nut,BottlePalm)Asteraceae: 3(Marigold, Dahlia, Sunflower)Meliaceae: 2(Mahaneem,Neem)Orchidaceae: 2

Plant Diversity at a glance:

Fruit Crops : 9Plantation Crops : 3Commercial Flowers : 6Commercial Flowers : 6Season Flowers : 5Avenue Trees : 9Ornamental Plants: 5Fern : 1

���

�q ��'�- ��2�- �����e�-, �+ '���� �+।�q ���- ��( ��H� ���-���

;>$ D�D��, �+ '���� �+।

�r�

��/s '��� %�/ >$ �/ >$ �/ >$ �/ '��, ��t� �)� &s/ 5/ 1$�/ 1$�/ 1$�/ '��

��� �c2, !�>2, ��� �2-! ��2� ��,'��q )��� �! ��4

��� ���� ���� O�34

�tr

�������5� A$– �W/ ;��� !�������/� �$�A 5���f

�ut

��" �� �/ �$ / !2��� �/7/,

'3�� 1/ � ���Af

�u\

�)q 1)� 5�� '� 1/ 1$+�� 'O/,

�u�

������� ���� 5+� ��$ � ����+ <O� !+�,

�rt

��8 �

��� ���� ���� O�34

�"/ 1��- �4 >$ �/� �7� /��/। ��+"�?�� >$ / 5�+ ��4 !��/f

�t�

v�- ()� �w�/� ��/, ��'�- T�/ %@ ���/ F�N,

'�6�%��� �)� �$ � '5 �2�h�" ��- �� ���f

�\x

�)q 1)� 5�� '� 1/ 1$+�� 'O/,&�� <=/ !�� 4���2 �+� '�/।�c2 '��+�, ,�:�, ���- 1�+�, ��:�, �"j 5� <�O 1@� 5�� ���� '1)f

'����� ����� ��t��

F/y� �9 /��/ ���� F������ �$�),

�u�

����+ ����+ ���� ���� �"� ;���� � ���, !2�-��� ���-4�F!� ����� �m��॥

��z

�z� >�7�-5��+�+ ��9 ��9 ���/ 'T��� /$��+ T�� ���2�! ��� !�>2 !2� !������� $��� ’���f

,/ >$ �� ��2�->$ / Wk�/,

<���+ /$O ��� ��+ '�/ &/–

��\

��� 1�+�/�� �$� ���� ���� � &�3��, � ���- ! '����� ' j >$ �/ �! ��! %���f

��x

�8 �4B�� &@:�+ ���!, W/ '����� ��/�� ���T,

�"j '����� %�� ��! >$ ���, '�4 �� ।

��t

�A���/�� 4���2 '��, ���/ '/�� �<��,

�x� "��� 5��+�� /��/ ��&� �{ /�� �4 8��/ 8��/।����7/ � ◌} ��+ T��+ 1/ ���/ ���/f

�rt

�A���/�� 4���2 '��, ���/ '/�� �<��, ���+ '&� �।

���, ��-� Fh/ ��A�,

!2��� WL$ � &�31�� 4`�–!�>�2� 5�D�/, �-�+� 5�k�/, �h$/ D"� L�

�L�–

�~~

���, �4 �-+ �c2 ���� �$W/ ��!)�� 5��� ���। �� '( � >$ ��+ '1�, &�/ (�� 1�-��f

�~�

"��� �� '��q '� �=� ��� ’'/A27/ %�+ �/� ��� '���/f�� 2�-8�/ ��!/ ��9�/, )��+ 1/ �D!�/,��� � 5�� 5��+�+ %�� (�+ '( &�/f

�z\

Tagore painting

Local Name: AamEnglish Name: MangoBotanical Name: Mangifera indicaFamily: AnacardiaceaeNative Place: Indo-Burma

Local Name: KalaEnglish Name: BananaBotanical Name: Musa acuminata, M. balbisianaFamily: MusaceaeNative Place: South and South-East Asia.

Local Name: PenpeEnglish Name: PapayaBotanical Name: Carica papayaFamily: CaricaceaeNative Place: Tropical America.

Local Name: KaetbelLocal Name: KaetbelEnglish Name: Monkey Fruit, Curd Fruit, Elephant Apple, Wood AppleBotanical Name: Limonia acidissimaFamily: RutaceaeNative Place: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, S.E. Asia East to Java

Local Name: BatabilebuEnglish Name: PummeloBotanical Name: Citrus grandisFamily: RutaceaeNative Place: South East Asia

Local Name: Kagzi LebuEnglish Name: Mexcican LimeBotanical Name: Citrus aurantifoliaFamily: RutaceaeNative Place: Indo-Malayan region

Local Name: Kamla LebuEnglish Name: Mandarin OrangeBotanical Name: Citrus reticulataFamily: RutaceaeNative Place: South Eastern Asia & Philippines.

Local Name: TentulEnglish Name: Tamarind, Botanical Name: Tamarindus indicaFamily: FabaceaeNative Place: Tropical Africa particularly Sudan.

Local Name: ChaltaEnglish Name: Elephant AppleBotanical Name: Dillenia indicaFamily: DilleniaceaeNative Place: South-East Asia

��-" ���, �&

���� X�

�$�%�9� '&��)�

���� ��9�, ���

��3&������� ��

>$ /

Local Name: Basanti, Yellow PoincianaEnglish Name: Copper Rod, Yellow Poinciana, Golden FlamboyantBotanical Name: Peltophorum ferrugineum/ P. pterocarpumFamily: LeguminosaeNative Place: India and South-East Asia

>$ /

Local Name: JarulEnglish Name: Pride of India, Giant Crape-myrtle, Queen’s Crape-myrtle.Botanical Name: Lagerstroemia speciosaFamily: LythraceaeNative Place: Tropical South Asia.

Local Name: AshokeEnglish Name: AshokaBotanical Name:Saraca indicaFamily: FabaceaeNative Place: Indian Subcontinent and adjacent areas.

Local Name: Sondal, Amaltas, Sonajhuri, Bandar Lathi.English Name: Indian Laburnum, Golden shower Cassia.Botanical Name: Cassia fistulaFamily: Fabaceae.Native Place: Southern Asia.

��- 2$����"� 01 �2� �e�-

�$�� � �������।

Local Name: CassiaEnglish Name: Pink Shower Tree, Apple Blossom CassiaBotanical Name: Cassia javanica L./ Cassia nodosa Roxb.Family: Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Sub-family: CaesalpinioideaeNative Place: India, Myanmar, Indo-China, South China.

Local Name: Muchkunda, Kanak ChampaLocal Name: Muchkunda, Kanak ChampaEnglish Name: Maple-leaved Bayur TreeBotanical Name: Pterospermum acerifoliumFamily: SterculiaceaeNative Place: South-East Asia (India to Burma)

Local Name: JhawEnglish Name: Beach She-Oak, Horsetail tree, Ironwood, Whistling Pine, Australian Pine.Botanical Name: Casuarina equisetifoliaFamily: CasuarinaceaeNative Place: Australasia, S-E Asia.

���Local Name: TagarEnglish Name: Crape Jasmine, Milkwood.Botanical Name: Tabernaemontana coronaria / T. divaricataFamily: ApocynaceaeNative Place: Pan Tropical

���

Local Name: GandharajEnglish Name: Common Gardenia, Cape Jasmine,Botanical Name: Gardenia jasminoidesFamily: RubiaceaeNative Place: Tropical & Subtropical Africa, South Asia, Australia, Oceania.

Local Name: KaminiLocal Name: KaminiEnglish Name: Orange Jasmine, Mock Orange, Lake-view Jasmine, Chinese BoxBotanical Name: Murraya exoticaFamily: RutaceaeNative Place: South and South-East Asia, China and Australasia.

Local Name: NagkesharEnglish Name: Ceylon Ironwood, Indian Rose Chestnut, Cobra’s SaffronBotanical Name: Measua ferreaFamily: ClusiaceaeNative Place: India

Local Name: Paarijat English Name: MagnoliaBotanical Name: Magnolia grandiflora Family: Magnoliaceae, Sub-family : Magnolioideae.Native Place: East and South-East Asia. Secondary: North America ( Mississippi & Louisiana), Central America, West Indies.

Local Name: GolapEnglish Name: RoseBotanical Name: Rosa spp.Family: Rosaceae

���2�!

Family: RosaceaeNative Place: Mostly Asia, Rests are Europe, North America, North-West Africa.

Local Name: CarnationEnglish Name: Clove Pink, CarnationBotanical Name: Dianthus caryophyllusFamily: CaryophyllaceaeNative Place: Mediterranean region

Local Name: Motia BelLocal Name: Motia BelEnglish Name: JasmineBotanical Name: Jasminum sambacFamily: OleaceaeNative Place: South Western, Southern & Southeastern Asia.

Local Name: DahliaEnglish Name: DahliaBotanical Name: Dahlia variabilisFamily: AsteraceaeNative Place: Mexico, Central America, Colombia.

��F��

Local Name: GandaEnglish Name: African MarigoldBotanical Name: Tagetes erectaFamily: AsteraceaeNative Place: New World (North & South America).

Local Name: Rakta GandaEnglish Name: French MarigoldBotanical Name: Tagetes patulaFamily: AsteraceaeNative Place: South America

�@(��$)"

Local Name: Surya MukhiEnglish Name: Sun Flower Botanical Name: Helianthus annuusFamily: Asteraceae.Native Place: Central America

�@(��$)"

�! 1 $� �

Local Name: PetuniaEnglish Name: PetuniaBotanical Name: Petunia axillaris, P. integrifoliaFamily: SolanaceaeNative Place: South America

�! 1 $� �

Local Name: NasturtiumEnglish Name: NasturtiumBotanical Name: Tropaeolium majusmajusFamily: TropaeolaceaeNative Place: South & Central America.

Local Name: LilyEnglish Name: LilyBotanical Name: Lilium spp (110 species)Family: LiliaceaeNative Place: Mostly Temperate Northern Northern Hemisphere.

“�1 � �� �h� 22

���2����, ������

���� L1F���21�,

�� �9 !�� �। �����

���2� �8= � � ��2

���5�2�� ��� ���।”

Tuberous Sword fern (Nephrolepis

Local Name: FernEnglish Name: Boston Fern, Sword FernBotanical Name: Nephrolepis exaltataFamily: Nephrolepidaceae/ Lomariopsidaceae/ Davalliaceae/ OleandraceaeNative Place: South America, Mexico, Central America, Florida, West Indies, Polynesia, Africa.

(Nephrolepis cordifolia)

0�"��� !�� �� ��!�� ;� ��� ���L��� *���।

Local Name: OrchidEnglish Name: Orchid Botanical Name: Phalaenopsis celebensisFamily: OrchdaceaeNative Place: Celebes Island in Celebes Sea directly south of the Philippines.

Local Name: Orchid, RasnaLocal Name: Orchid, RasnaEnglish Name: OrchidBotanical Name: Cymbidium grandiflorumFamily: OrchidaceaeNative Place: Tropics of Asia, South America and Central America.

Local Name: NeemEnglish Name: Margosa, Indian Lilac.Botanical Name: Azadirachta indicaFamily: MeliaceaeNative Place: India, Mayanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, malaysia, Pakistan

Local Name: MahaneemEnglish Name: Chinaberry, Carolina mahogany, Pride of India, Texas Umbrella, Umbrella Tree, Bead Tree, Ceylone Cedar, Persian Lilac, White Cedar,Botanical Name: Melia azedarach/ Cedrela tunaFamily: MeliaceaeNative Place: India, Southern China, Australia.

Local Name: Dab, Narkel.English Name: CoconutBotanical Name: Cocos nuciferaFamily: ArecaceaeNative Place: South Asia (Ganges Delta) or North-Western South America.

��" �3� ;� �!�� ��L� ���j

�1!1� ����� ���। ����# ��9 �

Local Name: SupariEnglish Name: Betel Nut, Arecanut Botanical Name: Areca catechuFamily: ArecaceaeNative Place: Tropical Pacific Asia, East Africa.

�1!1� ����� ���। ����# ��9 � ������, �1�2 AR�� !���5�2�,

Local Name: Botol PalmEnglish Name:Palmiste Gargoulette,Bottle PalmBotanical Name: Hyophorbe lagenicaulisFamily: ArecaceaeNative Place: Round Island, Mauritius.

THANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOU

top related