Pemrograman Terstruktur 4

ARRAYBY : SITI MARIYAH, SST

ARRAYContoh array 1 dimensi:kelasku(1,5) = {“1A”, “1B”, “1C”, “1D”, “1E”}Data 5 kelas dimasukkan dalam satu array yang bernama kelas.

Contoh array 2 dimensi :kelasku(2, 3) = {(“1A”, “1B”, “1C”),(“1E”, “1F”, “1G”)}

DIMENSION COMMANDLogic :DIMENSION ArrayName1(nRows1 [, nColumns1]) [AS Type] [, ArrayName2(nRows2 [,nColumns2])]

PARAMETER1. ArrayName1 nama array

Kita bisa membuat multiple array dengan satu dimensi hanya dengan menambahkan nama array.Contoh : DIMENSION arrayName..,arrayName2…,arrayName3…

PARAMETER(2)2. nRows1 [,nColumns1] jumlah baris

dan kolom arrayContoh : DIMENSION arraySatu(10) array 1 dimensi dengan 10 baris dan 1 kolom

DIMENSION arraySatu(2,4) array 2 dimensi dengan 2 baris dan 4 kolom

DEKLARASI ARRAYContoh deklarasi :DIMENSION arraySatu(10), arrayDua[2,4], arrayTiga(3,3)

DIMENSION arraySatu[10], arrayDua(2,4), arrayTiga[3,3]

Ukuran array tergantung pada banyaknya elemen yang disimpan dalam array tersebut. Elemen array dapat memiliki tipe data apa saja dan diinisialisasi False (.F.) untuk pertama kali.

OPERASI ARRAYSTORE TO : Untuk menginisialisasi semua elemen dengan nilai yang sama.Contoh :

DIMENSION arraySatu(10,3)STORE “initial” TO arraySatu

Logic di atas untuk menyimpan string initial ke arraySatu. Sehingga initial menjadi elemen pertama (baris1,kolom1) arraySatu

OPERASI ARRAY(2)Array Subscript : digunakan untuk mengakses dan manipulasi elemen array. Selain array subscript bisa juga menggunakan nama

array dan indeks. Pada array 1 dimensi, subscript digunakan untuk

mengidentifikasi nomor baris array. Contoh, subscript untuk elemen yang berada di baris ketiga adalah 3

Pada array 2 dimensi, subscript digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi elemen array. Subscript yang pertama menyatakan baris, subscript kedua menyatakan kolom

OPERASI ARRAY(3)DIMENSION arrayName[5,2]arrayName[1,2] = 966789

DECLARE COMMAND Creates a one- or two-dimensional array. Visual FoxPro arrays are one-based

DIMENSION COMMAND DIMENSION is identical in operation and

similar in syntax to the DECLARE command

ACOPY( ) FUNCTION Copies elements from one array to another

array.

ADEL( ) FUNCTION Deletes an element from a one-dimensional

array, or a row or column from a two-dimensional array.

APPEND FROM ARRAY COMMAND

Adds one record to the currently selected table for each row in an array and fills each record with data from the corresponding array row.

COPY TO ARRAY COMMAND

Copies data from the currently selected table to an array.

DO CASE ... ENDCASE COMMAND

Executes the first set of commands whose conditional expression evaluates to true (.T.).

ContohSTORE CMONTH(DATE()) TO monthDO CASECASE INLIST(month, 'January', 'February', 'March')STORE 'first quarter' TO rpt_titleCASE INLIST(month, ‘April', ‘May', ‘June')STORE ‘second quarter' TO rpt_titleCASE INLIST(month, 'July', ‘August', ‘September')STORE ‘third quarter' TO rpt_titleOTHERWISESTORE ‘fourth quarter' TO rpt_titleENDCASEWAIT WINDOW rpt_title NOWAIT

DO WHILE ... ENDDO COMMAND

Executes a set of commands within a conditional loop.

EXIT COMMAND Exits a DO WHILE, FOR, SCAN, or TRY…

CATCH…FINALLY structure.

ContohCLOSE DATABASES OPEN DATABASE (HOME(2) + 'Data\testdata') USE products && Opens Products table SET TALK OFF gnStockTot = 0 DO WHILE .T. && Begins loop IF EOF( ) EXIT ENDIF IF unit_price < 20 SKIP LOOP ENDIFgnStockTot = gnStockTot + in_stock SKIP ENDDO && Ends loop CLEAR ? 'Total items in stock valued over 20 dollars:' ?? gnStockTot

FOR EACH ... ENDFORCOMMAND

Executes a set of commands for each element in a Visual FoxPro array or collection.

ContohDIMENSION cMyArray(3)cMyArray[1] = 'A' cMyArray[2] = 'B' cMyArray[3] = 'C' FOR EACH cMyVar IN cMyArray ? cMyVar ENDFOR

FOR ... ENDFOR COMMAND Executes a set of commands a specified

number of times.

ContohFOR gnCount = 1 TO 10 ? gnCount ENDFOR

ContohOPEN DATABASE (HOME(2) + 'Data\TestData') USE Customer FOR gnCount = 1 TO 10 STEP 2 GOTO gnCount DISPLAY Company ENDFOR

IF ... ENDIF COMMAND Conditionally executes a set of commands

based on the value of a logical expression.

ContohUSE Customer && Open customer table GETEXPR ‘ Enter condition to locate ' TO gcTemp; TYPE 'L' DEFAULT ‘ COMPANY = ""' LOCATE FOR &gcTemp && Enter LOCATE expression IF FOUND( ) && Was it found? DISPLAY && If so, display the record ELSE && If not found ? 'Condition ' + gcTemp + ' was not found ' &&Display a message ENDIF

LOOP COMMAND Returns program control directly to the

beginning of a looping structure.

SCAN ... ENDSCAN COMMAND

Moves the record pointer through the currently selected table and executes a block of commands for each record that meets the specified conditions.