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Nursing Theorist:
Patricia Benner, R.N., P.h.D.,
FAAN,F.R.C.N.
Professor Miller ¶s Tuesday Clinical
Group: Amanda Nather, Bincy John,Brittany Coffin, Kimberly Roe, Julia
Kitchings, and Natalie Shelton
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Patricia Benner, R.N., P.h.D.,
FAAN,F.R.C.N. Patricia Benner is a Professor in the
Department of Physiological Nursing in
the School of Nursing at the University of
California, San Francisco.
Dr. Benner received her bachelor's
degree in nursing from Pasadena
College, her master's degree in medical
surgical nursing from the University of
California, San Francisco, and the Ph.D.
from the University of California,
Berkeley, in Stress and Coping and
Health under the direction of Hubert
Dreyfus and Richard Lazarus.
³Knowledge development in a practice discipline
consists of extending practical knowledge (know-
how) through theory based scientific investigations
and through the clinical experience in the practice of
that discipline´ (Benner, 1984)
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Dr. Benner ¶s Theory Dr. Benner categorized nursing into 5
levels of capabilities: novice, advancedbeginner, competent, proficient, andexpert.
She believed experience in the clinicalsetting is key to nursing because itallows a nurse to continuously expandtheir knowledge base and to provideholistic, competent care to the patient.
Her research was aimed at
discovering if there weredistinguishable, characteristicdifferences in the novice¶s andexpert¶s descriptions of the sameclinical incident.
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Four Domains of Nursing Paradigm:
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Client/ Person ³The person is a self-
interpreting being, that is
the person does notcome into the world
predefined but gets
defined in the course of
living a life.´- Dr. Benner
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Health
Dr. Benner focuses on the lived
experience of being healthy and
being ill.
Health is defined as what can beassessed, whereas well being is
the human experience of health or
wholeness.
Well being and being ill are
understood as distinct ways of being in the world.
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Environment/Situation
Benner uses situation rather than environment becausesituation conveys a social
environment with socialdefinition and meanifulness.
³To be situated implies thatone has a past, present, andfuture and that all of theseaspects«.influence thecurrent situation.´- Dr.Benner
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Nursing
Nursing is described as a caringrelationship, an ³enabling condition of connection and concern.´ -Dr. Benner
³Caring is primary because caring setsup the possibility of giving andreceiving help.´
Nursing is viewed as a caring practicewhose science is guided by the moralart and ethics of care andresponsibility.
Dr. Benner understands that nursingpractice as the care and study of thelived experience of health, illness, anddisease and the relationships amongthe three elements.
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Nursing theory as a framework for
practice«
Dr. Benner presented her research in: From
Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in
Clinical Nursing Practice.
Novice, Advance Beginner, Competent,
Proficient, and Expert are the different
components explained in her research.
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Novice
The person has no
background experience of
the situation in which he or she is involved.
There is difficulty discerning
between relevant and
irrelevant aspects of the
situation.
Generally this level applies to
nursing students.
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Advance
dBeginner
The advance beginner stage in the
Dreyfus model develops when the
person can demonstrate marginally
acceptable performance havingcoped with enough real situations
to note, or to have pointed out by
mentor, the recurring meaningful
components of the situation.
Nurses functioning at this level areguided by rules and oriented by
task completion.
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Competent The competent stage is the most
pivotal in clinical learning because
the learner must begin to recognize
patterns and determine whichelements of the situation warrant
attention and which can be
ignored.
The competent nurse devises new
rules and reasoning procedures for a plan while applying learned rules
for action on the basis of the
relevant facts of that situation.
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Proficient The performer perceives the
information as a whole (totalpicture) rather than in terms of
aspects and performance. Proficient level is a qualitative leapbeyond the competent.
Nurses at this level demonstrate anew ability to see changingrelevance in a situation including
the recognition and theimplementation of skilledresponses to the situation as is itevolves.
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Expert
Fifth stage of the Dreyfus
model is achieved when
³the expert performer nolonger relies on
analytical principals to
connect her or his
understanding of thesituation to an
appropriate action
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THE R AP!!!«.Featuring DJ
Bincy and MC NattyHer name is Dr. Benner and she¶s
the best«..nursing theorist thatyou¶ll see on ya test«.
Her research on her theoryteaches us nurses how to thinkclearly
So if you got skills you need morepractice Dr. Benner¶s theorywill help to relax us«
She discovered skills for a nurse
so we don¶t have to put apatients in a hearse
Patricia Benner teaching critical care«.from Bachelors to Master and Ph.D.Pasadena San Fran and Berkeley if your looking for more informationholla back on the web atPatricia.com
We¶re headed from a novice to an
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