Part 1 led fasad lighting design

LEDs - the future?

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad

Introduction

• part 1 - who is Firespec design?

• part 2 - what are LEDs?

• part 3 - what can we use LEDs for?

• part 4 - whither the future?

LED: The future?

part 1 - who is Firespec design?

LED: The future?

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad

Menara Jam Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad

treasure island, las vegas bellagio, las vegas

emirates palace hotel, abu dhabi wynn macau casino, macau

wynn encore, macau

hancock, great north museum, newcastle

medieval & renaissance galleries, v&a museum, london

the book of the dead, british museum, london

richard & judith bollinger jewellery gallery, v&a museum, london

part 2 - what are LEDs?

LED: The future?

Typical LED replacement lamp - 38 diodes in one package

Haitz’s law - light output increases exponentially

• electroluminescence discovered in 1907

• first infra-red LED developed in 1961

• first visible (red) LED developed in 1962.

• until 1968, LEDs cost upward of $200 per unit.

• first high-powered blue LED in 1990s.

• blue LED can excite phosphor to produce white light.

Inner workings of an LED (drawing by S-Kei)

Effect on life of Luxeon T2 LED by temperature

(graph by Luxeon Inc.)

• an LED is a semi-conductor device, also referred to

as a solid-state device.

• when electron meets a hole, a photon is emitted.

• colour of light is determined by material.

• less wear-and-tear makes devices extremely long-lived.

• heat is primary cause of early LED failure.

• an LED cannot make white light, but only a narrow part

of spectrum.

• we can combine the colour of several LEDs for

RGB or additive mixing

• or a high-output short wavelength LED to

excite a phosphor coating

• RGB LEDs can be tuned to give white at the

expense of colour stability.

• remote phosphor LEDs become physically larger for

higher outputs.

• high output LEDs need considerable thermal management

RGB LEDs combine to produce white light.

Remote phosphor LED uses multiple LEDs and

a single emission plate to create white light

Xicato XLM Module - up to 2200 lumens at 700mA

Xicato - phosphor coated technology

Compact Size, Compact Fixtures

2Ó Diameter

Efficacy Luminous

Flux

Av Rated

Lamp Life

Xicato XSM @

700mA 3000K

46 lumens /

W

1,000

lumens

50,000

hours

Xicato XLM @

700mA 3000K

52 lumens /

W

2,200

lumens

50,000

hours

Osram 20W HCI-TC

Powerball

85 lumens /

W

1,700

lumens

12,000

hours

71mm x 15mm optical window plug in connections

• colour rendering - how measured? See Student noted

• what is the lamp life, how is it measured? See student note

• how easy is it to replace the LED module?

• how can we control the output? Software driven

• what guarantee will the manufacturer give to produce

replacement fixtures in the future?

• will the LED module be obsolete in the near future?

1. Lumen (lm)

Lumen is the international (SL) unit of luminous flux, a measure of overall light

emitted by a light source.

Basic Lighting Knowledge

2. Candela(cd)

Candela is the international(sl) unit of luminuous intensity,a measure of light

emitted by a light source in a particular direction.

Any given light source will have different luminous intensities in different directions

considered.

[candela = lumen/solid angle]

3. Beam Angle [Unit:degree]

Beam angle is the angle between two directions for which the luminous intensity is

50% of the maxmum intensity as measured in a plan through the nominal beam

centerline.Beam angle of a bulb gives an idea of how the light beam spreads away

from the beam center.

4. LUX(lx)

Lux is the international(SL)unit of illuminance, a measure of light arriving at a

surface, 1 lumen per square foot equals 1 footcandle, while 1 lumen per square

meter equals 1 lux .

[lux = lumen/m2]

5. Color Temperature / Correlated Color Temperature(CCT)

A black-Body radiator will have a different color when it is heated up to different

temperatures (in kevin).The Temperature at which the heated black-body radiator

matches the color of the light source is the color temperature of the light source.

6. Color Rendering Index(CR)

Color rendering index ranges from 0-100 ,measures a light source's ability to

reproduce the color of various objects being lit by a reference light source, black

body radiator(CRI=100)

7. Efficacy (lm/W)

Efficacy is the efficiency of a light source to concert electricity energy to light

energy which is expressed in lumen output per unit power input (watt)

[Efficacy = lumen / wattage]

8. Design Life Time

Design life time is the average life of a lighting product when it is operated at

nominal lamp voltage,current and controlled working environment. Actual lamp

life varies because of any different from those rating condition.

9. Dimmability

Not all lighting prodcuts is designed for dimming function. Dimming a non-

dimmable LED lighting product will cause un-predictable result and may affect the

life time of the products. The below figure shows the typical input current variation

while adjusting the DC voltage input to dimmable and non-dimmable product.

part 3 - how can we use LEDs?

LED: The future?

Why LED Lighting Solution ?

Technology is changing lives at a pace never before

witnessed in all of human history, and with it, the way

we see the world. More than a hundred years ago the

incandescent filament brought illumination to the night,

multiplying human productivity at an exponential rate.

Later, fluorescent light rose up as a power-saving

alternative to the incandescent.

Mengapa LED Penyelesaian Lampu?

Teknologi mengubah kehidupan pada kadar yang belum pernah disaksikan dalam sejarah

manusia, dan dengan itu, cara kita melihat dunia. Lebih daripada seratus tahun yang lalu,

filamen pijar membawa pencahayaan malam, mendarabkan produktiviti manusia pada kadar

eksponen. Kemudian, lampu neon bangkit sebagai alternatif yang menjimatkan tenaga kepada

pijar

project #1 – Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad

LED: The future?

Configuration

EPROM

Console application is used

to monitor Light Shows

Designer application is used by

Quick Play Pro

1

Triggers

MAIN MENU

Light Show

Play

Show Type

File Name

Alarm

Timers

Program File

Program File

Configurations Program File

Light Show

PlayDMX Driver

Communications Ports

CAT5 and RS232

Loadware

SOFTWARE LAYER

FIRMWARE LAYER

LOADWARE LAYER

IPLAYER 3

UNIVERSAL DMX

USER COMMUNICATIONS

CONFIGURATIONS AND PROGRAMING

project #2 – Putrajaya

KPKK Building

LED: The future?

KPKK

PUTRAJAYA

Putrajaya 4G8 and 4G9

project #3 - Atmosphere,

Science Museum, London

LED: The future?

part 4 - the future of LED?

LED: The future?

extract - ‘Guidelines for specification of LED Lighting Products 2010’ (8pp).

extract - ‘LumeLEX 2000 Series Reliability Datasheet IS-0112~’ (13pp.)

• Daily Mail article, 25th October 2010:

‘Seeing the cut price light’.

• Ryness Electrical replacement GU10

downlight supplies 340 lumens.

• typical 50W dichroic supplies 800 lumens.

• replacing standard downlight with

suggested lamp would reduce light output by 58%

• replacing one lamp would save 86% energy.

• however 2.4 new lamps would be needed.

• replace halogen with IRC technology

& energy saving drops to 52%.

• energy saving is only part of the picture

• payback time rises to 5 years.

Typical GU10 filament lamp

Suggested LED lamp for GU10 replacement