Overview of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology
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Overview of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network
Ontology
Raúl García-Castro
Ontology Engineering Group. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
rgarcia@fi.upm.es
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Index
• W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG • Semantic Sensor Network ontology • Use case: coastal flood emergency planning
(FP7 SSG4Env project) • Conclusions
2
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) XG
• Goal: To begin the formal process of producing ontologies that define the capabilities of sensors and sensor networks
• Duration: March 2009 – June 2011 - Continuity: W3C Semantic Sensor Networks CG (Since Feb. 2012)
• 24 Participants from 14 institutions: - CSIRO, Wrigth State University, University of Surrey, Universidad Politécnica de
Madrid, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Pennsylvania State University, The Open University, University of Southampton, Open Geospatial Consortium, DERI at the National University of Ireland, Ericsson, Boeing, Fundación CTIC
• Outcomes: - Final report
• http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/ - Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology
• http://purl.oclc.org/NET/ssnx/ssn
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
W3C SSN XG motivation
• Sensor data are not just data: - Event-based nature of sensors and sensor networks - Temporal and spatial relationships - Physical constraints (e.g., limited power availability, limited
memory, variable data quality, loose connectivity)
• Reflect the Open Geospatial Consortium standards: - Sensor Model Language (SensorML) - Observations and Measurements (O&M)
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Motivating use cases
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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Index
• W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG • Semantic Sensor Network ontology • Use case: coastal flood emergency planning
(FP7 SSG4Env project) • Conclusions
6
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Ontology module
Class
Individual
Subclass-of property
Type property
Object or datatype property
Equivalent to a restriction in an object property
Subclass of a restriction in an object property
Legend
Module
Class
= objectProperty only | some
objectProperty only | some
property Class
Class
Class
Individual
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
SSO Pattern
Device
Deployment
PlatformSite
System
Process
ConstraintBlock MeasuringCapability
OperatingRestriction
Data
Overview of the SSN ontology modules
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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
SSO Pattern
Device
Deployment
PlatformSite
System
System
onPlatform only
hasSubsystem only, some SurvivalRange
hasSurvivalRange only
OperatingRange hasOperatingRange only
hasDeployment only DeploymentRelatedProcess
Deployment
deploymentProcesPart only
deployedSystem only
Platform
deployedOnPlatform only
attachedSystem only
Device
Sensor
SensingDevice
Sensing implements some
observes only
hasMeasurementCapability only
inDeployment only
Stimulus
detects only
isProxyFor only ObservationValue
SensorOutput hasValue some
isProducedBy some
Process
Process
hasInput only
hasOutput only, some
Input
Output
Observation
observedBy only
featureOfInterest only
observationResult only
Property
observedProperty only hasProperty only, some
isPropertyOf some
sensingMethodUsed only
includesEvent some
FeatureOfInterest
ConstraintBlock
Condition inCondition only
MeasuringCapability
MeasurementCapability
forProperty only
OperatingRestriction
inCondition only
Data
Overview of the SSN ontologies
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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Communication MeasuringCapability
MeasurementCapability MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty only
Accuracy
DetectionLimit Drift
Frequency
MeasurementRange
Precision Resolution
ResponseTime
Selectivity
Sensitivity
Latency
SSO Pattern
EnergyRestriction OperatingRestriction
OperatingRange OperatingProperty hasOperatingProperty only
EnvironmentalOperatingProperty MaintenanceSchedule
SurvivalRange SurvivalProperty hasSurvivalProperty only
EnvironmentalSurvivalProperty SystemLifetime BatteryLifetime
OperatingPowerRange
Property
Sensor and environmental properties
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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Data
Device
Deployment PlatformSite System
System DeploymentRelated Process
Deployment
Platform
Device
Sensor
SensingDevice
Sensing
SensorInput
ObservationValue
SensorOutput
Process
Process
SSO Pattern
Observation Property
FeatureOfInterest
DOLCE UltraLite
Situation Method Region Object
Event
Quality Event
InformationObject PhysicalObject
Process
DesignedArtifact or
Alignment to DOLCE UltraLite
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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Index
• W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG • Semantic Sensor Network ontology • Use case: coastal flood emergency
planning (FP7 SSG4Env project) • Conclusions
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Ontologies overview
SWEET
Service
Coastal Defences
Ordnance Survey
Additional Regions
Role
DOLCE UltraLite
Schema
FOAF
Upper
External
Infrastructure
Flood domain
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SSN SSN Extension
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
SSNExtension ontology
dul:Collection
DUL
ObservationCollection
hasMember dul:Entity
ssn:Observation
dul:Situation
SSN
directlyPrecedes directlyFollows
hasMember only
PropertySummary
hasPropertySummary
ssn:Property forMeasuredProperty
ssn:ObservationValue
hasQuantityValue
xsd:float
hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure
dul:UnitOfMeasure
hasMeasuredValue (Mean, Median, Mode)
ssn:Sensor observes only
hasMeasurementCapability only
ssn:MeasurementCapability forProperty only
SSN
ssn:MeasurementProperty
hasMeasurementProperty only
ssn:Frequency ssn:MeasurementRange
(Min, Max) hasMeasurementPropertyValue
DUL
hasObservation (Min, Max, First, Last)
hasObservationPeriod
dul:TimeInterval
xsd:datetime
hasIntervalDate
coversTemporalInterval
(Start, End)
includesCollection
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Sensor
observes
hasMeasurementCapability
ObservationValue
Property
MeasurementCapability forProperty
Sensor Capabilities example
MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty
MeasurementRange
hasQuantityValue
hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure
hasMeasurementPropertyMinValue
hasMeasurementPropertyMaxValue
Sensor001 cd:WaveHeight
WaveHeightMeasurementCapability
WaveHeightMeasurementRange_1
WaveHeightValue_1 3.6
hasQuantityValue
WaveHeightValue_2
meter
1.2
hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure
dul:UnitOfMeasure
“Sensor001 can measure wave heights with a minimum value of 1.2 and a maximum one of 3.6”
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Infrastructure. Service ontology
coversRegion
hasTemporalExtent
hasSpatialExtent
hasDataset
hasInterface
hasServiceType
containsOperation hasParameter
includesProperty
includesFeature
hasEndpointReference
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hasSchema
hasStyleURL
WebService
StatefulWebService
xsd:string
sw:Dataset
sw:Region sw:SpatialExtent
sw:TemporalExtent
ssn:Property
ssn:FeatureOfInterest sm:Schema
xsd:anyURI
Interface Operation Parameter
DataAccessInterface … ServiceType
OGCS.T. InfrastructureS.T. GeoJSONS.T. XMLS.T. RSSXMLS.T.
Schema SSN
SWEET XSD
ISO 19119
RDFS.T.
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Infrastructure. Schema Metadata ontology
hasExtent
hasPrimaryKey
hasAttribute or
hasSQLType
hasTimestampAttribute
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equivalentToProperty
Extent
Relation Stream
Schema
DatabaseSchema DataStreamSchema
PrimaryKey
Attribute
TimestampAttribute
ssn:Property
SQLType
SSN
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Domain. Coastal Defences ontology
locatedInRegion ssn:hasProperty
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ssn:Property ssn:FeatureOfInterest sw:Region
AssetProperty OceanRegionProperty
Asset os:TopographicObject
OceanRegion …
…
TideHeight WaveHeight
SSN SWEET
OS
ssn:hasProperty only
AnyOceanRegion ssn:hasProperty
ssn:hasProperty
sw:Unit
dul:UnitOfMeasure
DUL
degree hectopascal
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Domain. Features and properties
• Physical atmosphere • Air temperature • Air pressure • Wind speed • Wind gust speed • Wind direction • Visibility
• Ocean region • Sea temperature • Wave height • Maximum wave height • Predicted wave height • Wave periodicity • Vertical heave • Tide height • Predicted tide height
• Asset • Height • Condition • Class • Width • Inspection date • Maintainer • Location • Mastermap Id
• Flood plain • Water depth
• Flood zone • Flood zone type
• Flood defence policy • Strategic defence option
• Vessel • Location • Name • Bearing • Type • Size • Callsign • Speed • ETA • Destination • Draught
• Road problem • Location • Road identifier • Description • Event time
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Domain. Additional Regions ontology
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sw:Region
gz:NamedPlace
Coastal Defence Partnership • Coastal Defence Partnership • Coastal Defence Partnership (Modelled area)
Solent • Solent • Solent (Modelled area) • Solent (AIS live)
South East England • South East England • South East England (BRANCH) • South East England (CCO) • South East England (Highways Agency)
South West England • South West England (Highways Agency)
Southern Coastal England • Southern Coastal England (CCO)
Poole Bay • Poole Bay (Wavenet)
Competent Harbour Authorities • Southampton Competent Harbour Authority • Portsmouth Competent Harbour Authority
Statutory Harbour Authorities • Southampton Statutory Harbour Authority • Portsmouth Statutory Harbour Authority • Cowes Statutory Harbour Authority
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Domain. Role ontology
hasRegionOfResponsibility
hasResponsibility
undertakesTask
foaf:member
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assumesRole
hasPosition occupies
hasSubOrganization
ssn:hasProperty
hasRelatedProperty
hasRelatedFeature
isFulfilledBy
defines isAssignedTo
appliesTo
ssn:Property
ssn:FeatureOfInterest
Position
Role Task
Responsibility
Duty
foaf:Person
foaf:Organization
sw:Region
SSN
SWEET
FOAF
isOperatedWithin
assignsTask
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Index
• W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG • Semantic Sensor Network ontology • Use case: coastal flood emergency planning
(FP7 SSG4Env project) • Conclusions
22
Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
Conclusions
The SSN ontology: • Is compatible with the OGC standards • Is aligned with an upper ontology
- Dolce Ultra Light (DUL)
• Only includes core concepts; needs to be extended: - time, location, units of measurement, domain specific
(feature/property/sensor) hierarchies, etc.
• Does not need to be wholly reused - Only observations - Only sensors - ...
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Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro
References
• COMPTON, M., BARNAGHI, P., BERMUDEZ, L., GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., COX, S., GRAYBEAL, J., HAUSWIRTH, M., HENSON, C., HERZOG, A., HUANG, V., JANOWICZ, K., KELSEY, W., PHUOC, D., LEFORT, L., LEGGIERI, M., NEUHAUS, H., NIKOLOV, A., PAGE, K., PASSANT, A., SHETH, A., TAYLOR, K. The SSN Ontology of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator Group. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, North America, 17, oct. 2012.
• GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., & HILL, C. (2012). A Core Ontological Model for Semantic Sensor Web Infrastructures. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 8(1), 22-42.
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Thank you for your attention!
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