Origins of the Cold War and Beyond. To go back to some of our vocabulary: Capitalism: An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership.
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Origins of the Cold War and Beyond
To go back to some of our vocabulary:
To go back to some of our vocabulary:
Capitalism:An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market
Capitalism:An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Socialism: -Any of various economic and political theories
advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods-A system of society or group living in which there is no private property, a system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state
Socialism: -Any of various economic and political theories
advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods-A system of society or group living in which there is no private property, a system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Democracy: Government by the people; especially :
rule of the majority, a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections.
Democracy: Government by the people; especially :
rule of the majority, a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections.
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Totalitarianism: Centralized control by an
autocratic authority, the political concept that the citizen should be totally subject to an absolute state authority
Totalitarianism: Centralized control by an
autocratic authority, the political concept that the citizen should be totally subject to an absolute state authority
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Freedom:The quality or state of being free: the absence of necessity, coercion, or constraint in choice or action, liberation from slavery or restraint or from the power of another : independence, the quality or state of being exempt or released usually from something onerous
Freedom:The quality or state of being free: the absence of necessity, coercion, or constraint in choice or action, liberation from slavery or restraint or from the power of another : independence, the quality or state of being exempt or released usually from something onerous
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Equality:Of the same measure, quantity, amount, or number as another, identical in mathematical value or logical denotation : equivalent, like in quality, nature, or status, like for each member of a group, class, or society
Equality:Of the same measure, quantity, amount, or number as another, identical in mathematical value or logical denotation : equivalent, like in quality, nature, or status, like for each member of a group, class, or society
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Individualism:Doctrine that the interests of the individual are or ought to be ethically paramount; also : conduct guided by such a doctrine, the conception that all values, rights, and duties originate in individuals, a theory maintaining the political and economic independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action, and interests
Individualism:Doctrine that the interests of the individual are or ought to be ethically paramount; also : conduct guided by such a doctrine, the conception that all values, rights, and duties originate in individuals, a theory maintaining the political and economic independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action, and interests
Vocab. Cont….Vocab. Cont….
Collectivism:The system of farming, especially in a Communist country formed from many small holdings collected into a single unit for joint operation under governmental supervision
Collectivism:The system of farming, especially in a Communist country formed from many small holdings collected into a single unit for joint operation under governmental supervision
The Cold War definedThe Cold War defined
Term used to describe the post-war struggle between the United States and the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics.
American journalist Walter Lippmann made the term popular by publishing a book by the same name in 1947.
Lippmann meant to suggest that relations had deteriorated to the point of war without the occurrence of actual war.
Term used to describe the post-war struggle between the United States and the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics.
American journalist Walter Lippmann made the term popular by publishing a book by the same name in 1947.
Lippmann meant to suggest that relations had deteriorated to the point of war without the occurrence of actual war.
Origins of the Cold WarOrigins of the Cold WarStrained relations between the U.S and
U.S.S.R can be traced back to the final moments of WWI.
The Russian Revolution began in 1917 and the U.S. and it’s allies sent troops to intervene and protect the Eastern front.
The Soviet Union is established in 1922 and the U.S. refused to recognize it until 1933.
There were deep ideological differences between the two countries which were made worse by Stalin, who was in power from 1929-1953.
Strained relations between the U.S and U.S.S.R can be traced back to the final moments of WWI.
The Russian Revolution began in 1917 and the U.S. and it’s allies sent troops to intervene and protect the Eastern front.
The Soviet Union is established in 1922 and the U.S. refused to recognize it until 1933.
There were deep ideological differences between the two countries which were made worse by Stalin, who was in power from 1929-1953.
Origins Cont….Origins Cont….
The Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact was worrisome to the Western allies.
The British-U.S.-U.S.S.R alliance was very uneasy and the Soviet Union believed it had borne a heavier burden through the war.
Although growing ideologies for the vision of the world post-war were becoming deeply divided, the countries hoped the spirit of the alliance would remain after the war.
The Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact was worrisome to the Western allies.
The British-U.S.-U.S.S.R alliance was very uneasy and the Soviet Union believed it had borne a heavier burden through the war.
Although growing ideologies for the vision of the world post-war were becoming deeply divided, the countries hoped the spirit of the alliance would remain after the war.
Origins Cont….Origins Cont….
The first test of this spirit began with the issue of what to do with Poland. The U.S.S.R wanted to install a pro-Communist gov. as a buffer from Western Europe.
Other questions would surface about how to “handle” the remainder of Eastern Europe.
The first test of this spirit began with the issue of what to do with Poland. The U.S.S.R wanted to install a pro-Communist gov. as a buffer from Western Europe.
Other questions would surface about how to “handle” the remainder of Eastern Europe.
Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference
Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference
Potsdam ConferencePotsdam Conference
Post-WWIIPost-WWII
Berlin is divided into 4 military zones and the Soviet Union supports Communist governments in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.
The U.S. establishes the Marshal Plan, $13 Billion in aid and would support European countries that had a non-Communist plan for recovery.
Berlin is divided into 4 military zones and the Soviet Union supports Communist governments in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.
The U.S. establishes the Marshal Plan, $13 Billion in aid and would support European countries that had a non-Communist plan for recovery.
The Berlin AirliftThe Berlin Airlift
Western allies merge their zones of Berlin and begin to form a West Germany.
The Soviet Union is not pleased and blockades the Western countries from their zones in Berlin.
The Berlin Airlift is organized to get supplies to Western sections. It took 11 months and thousands of flights to break the blockade.
This is the first “confrontation” between the two powers after the war.
Western allies merge their zones of Berlin and begin to form a West Germany.
The Soviet Union is not pleased and blockades the Western countries from their zones in Berlin.
The Berlin Airlift is organized to get supplies to Western sections. It took 11 months and thousands of flights to break the blockade.
This is the first “confrontation” between the two powers after the war.
Tension increases through foreign policy
Tension increases through foreign policy
The Soviet Union also gains control of Yugoslavia, Albania and Czechoslovakia.
President Truman issues the Truman Doctrine, which gives aid to anti-communist forces in Greece and Turkey.
This policy was expanded to justify support for any nation that the U.S. government considered to be threatened by Soviet expansionism.
The Soviet Union also gains control of Yugoslavia, Albania and Czechoslovakia.
President Truman issues the Truman Doctrine, which gives aid to anti-communist forces in Greece and Turkey.
This policy was expanded to justify support for any nation that the U.S. government considered to be threatened by Soviet expansionism.
The “official” U.S. Foreign Policy
The “official” U.S. Foreign Policy
Containment becomes the official foreign policy--stopping the spread of Communism around the world.
This policy is first outlined in 1947 by American diplomat George Keenan.
Containment becomes the official foreign policy--stopping the spread of Communism around the world.
This policy is first outlined in 1947 by American diplomat George Keenan.
NATO--1949NATO--1949
North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNATO’s purpose is to enhance the
stability, well-being, and freedom of its members through a system of collective security.
The truly original purpose of the treaty was to defend Western Europe from possible Communist attacks.
The original country members: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNATO’s purpose is to enhance the
stability, well-being, and freedom of its members through a system of collective security.
The truly original purpose of the treaty was to defend Western Europe from possible Communist attacks.
The original country members: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Warsaw PactWarsaw Pact
Created in 1955 in response to West Germany joining NATO.
Formally the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance.
Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union were member countries.
Created in 1955 in response to West Germany joining NATO.
Formally the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance.
Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union were member countries.
The Iron CurtainThe Iron Curtain
In 1946, Winston Churchill was speaking in Fulton, Missouri.
His speech, The Sinews of Peace, offered this warning: “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.”
The Iron Curtain is still used today to describe the tightly controlled boarder between East and Western Europe.
In 1946, Winston Churchill was speaking in Fulton, Missouri.
His speech, The Sinews of Peace, offered this warning: “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.”
The Iron Curtain is still used today to describe the tightly controlled boarder between East and Western Europe.
Your Homework:Your Homework:
Create a political cartoon based on the beginnings of the Cold War. Any of the sub-topics that we have covered are fair game.
The should be an original creation--it cannot be something that you found on the Internet.
Create a political cartoon based on the beginnings of the Cold War. Any of the sub-topics that we have covered are fair game.
The should be an original creation--it cannot be something that you found on the Internet.
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